Fusion 4 Answer Key

Fusion 4 Answer key: tests
Diagnostic 9 1 have taken up

2 Have you charged
3 saw
Listening 4 used
1 soccer, archery 5 hasn’t gone
2 1 He went to Indianapolis to watch the Indy 500.
He went with his dad. Consolidation
2 A great racing driver needs speed / stamina / 10 1 must not run
strength. 2 picked up
3 They both like trail biking. 3 missed out
4 He wants to do a different sport because archery 4 shouldn’t copy
isn’t very energetic / it doesn’t involve running 5 saving up
around.
Reading
Vocabulary
11 To train a new generation of computer science
3 1 swipe teachers and to improve digital skills in children.
2 scroll
3 browse 12 1 schools
4 charge 2 practice / experience
5 update 3 related / linked / connected
4 (help to) prepare
4 1 C
2 E
3 D
Writing
4 A 13 Suggested answer:
5 B Paragraph 1
5 1 accurate Students should introduce their favorite free-time
2 flexibility activity and give a brief description of when they
3 coordination started it, using the simple past.
4 improve Paragraph 2
5 balance
They should then accurately use the simple present
and adverbs of frequency (in the correct position) to
Practical English give more details about what it involves, how often
6 1 minute they do it, and why they like it.
2 sure Paragraph 3
3 Could They need to then describe the skills and personal
4 spell
qualities needed to do this activity well, using
5 pronounce
appropriate nouns (e.g. stamina, strength) and
adjectives (e.g. accurate, competitive).
Grammar
Paragraph 4
7 1 must not They should use the simple past to outline any
2 ought to specific achievements related to their activity and
3 will be able to
the present perfect to describe any achievements
4 have to
they have had so far. Lastly, students should
5 had to
express their future desires and intentions related to
8 1 Tom has lived in London since 2012.
their activity, using would like to and be going to.
2 Daisy didn’t win the race yesterday.
3 I haven’t been to the U.S. before.
4 How did you train for the competition last year?
5 Have you ever tried rock climbing?
1
Unit 1 8 1 still
2 just
3 never
4 yet
5 ever
9 1 have dropped
Listening 2 have been studying
1 A 3 has been waiting
4 haven’t been married
2 1 F
5 haven’t seen
2 DS
3 DS
4 T Cumulative Review
5 T 10 1 c
6 T 2 d
7 F 3 a
8 F 4 c
5 b
Vocabulary
3 1 C Reading
2 D 11 1 B
3 E 2 C
4 A 3 A
5 B
12 1 She won the Nobel Peace Prize.
4 1 outgoing 2 a poor neighborhood
2 eager 3 He set up his first newspaper.
3 truthful 4 a recycling app
4 bitter
5 sympathetic
Writing
5 1 made
2 got 13 Suggested answer:
3 get Paragraph 1
4 get Students greet their friend appropriately and ask
5 make them how they are and what they have been doing.
They should introduce the activity and tell them
Practical English what they have been doing, using the present
6 1 ‘d like perfect continuous.
2 Could Paragraph 2
3 do Use of the simple past and present perfect to give
4 which further details about the activity, including when and
5 can where it took place, what it involved, and whether it
has been a success.
Grammar Paragraph 3
7 1 I was writing an e-mail when Jo called. Students should offer a personal reflection about
2 While Kay was walking in the park, she had an how the experience has changed their outlook or
idea for a story. opinion, using some of the suggested expressions.
3 Did you study Spanish in school? Paragraph 4
4 They used to go fishing on Sunday when they Students end the e-mail by giving a plausible
were young. reason why they have to go, and signing off
5 Lucy didn’t use to like vegetables when she was appropriately.
a child.
2
Note that students should use informal linking

expressions such as so, basically, I mean, and Grammar
anyway to make things clear, change the topic,
7 1 Jo was writing an e-mail when I called him.
and / or introduce a result. 2 Was Kay walking in the park when she had an /
the idea for a / her story?
Unit 1 3 Did you use to play soccer when you were
young?
4 My cousins didn’t use to go fishing on the
weekend.
5 I created an app last year.
8 1 I still haven’t read that book. / I haven’t read that
Listening
book yet.
1 A 2 We have just set up the website (this morning).
2 1 to school, (hair products) business / website 3 They have never been to Japan (in their lives).
2 agrees, impressive / good 4 Paul hasn’t finished his degree yet. / Paul still
3 website hasn’t finished his degree.
4 suggests, homework club 5 Have you ever adopted an animal (in your life so
5 optimistic / positive far)?
9 1 have dropped
Vocabulary 2 have been studying
3 has been waiting
3 1 C 4 haven’t been married
2 A 5 haven’t seen
3 B
4 E
Cumulative Review
5 D
4 1 get permission 10 1 working
2 get things done 2 difference
3 makes an effort 3 collected
4 got used to it 4 sympathetic
5 didn’t make a good impression 5 just
5 1 optimistic
2 outgoing
Reading
3 truthful 11 Rene Silva and Zea Tongeman
4 sympathetic
12 1 gave a speech, United Nations
5 supportive
2 crime and violence / being unsafe / being poor
3 book, neighborhoods / favelas
Practical English 4 technology / recycling, useful / helpful, recycle
6 1 ’d
2 explain Writing
3 do
13 Suggested answer:
4 which
Paragraph 1
5 can
Students greet their friend appropriately and ask
them how they are and what they have been doing.
They should introduce the activity and tell them
what they have been doing, using the present
perfect continuous.
Paragraph 2
Use of the simple past and present perfect to give
further details about the activity, including when and
3
where it took place, what it involved, and whether it 5 1 star

has been a success. 2 wild
Paragraph 3 3 National Park
Students should offer a personal reflection about 4 permission
how the experience has changed their outlook or 5 made
opinion.
Paragraph 4 Practical English
Students end the e-mail by giving a plausible 6 1 ’d
reason why they have to go, and signing off 2 Could / Can
appropriately. 3 do
Note that students should use informal linking 4 which
expressions such as so, basically, I mean, and 5 can
and / or introduce a result. Grammar
7 1 used to
Unit 1 2 was reading
3 listened
4 started / began
5 wrote
8 1 still
2 just / already
Listening 3 never
1 She is impressed by them (and wants Bethany to be 4 yet
inspired by what they have done). 5 ever
2 1 She is looking for volunteer opportunities. 9 1 have dropped
2 She used the money that she made from her 2 have been studying
hair accessory business to help children in Haiti 3 has been waiting
go to school. 4 haven’t been married
3 He involves children and teenagers in his 5 haven’t seen
projects.
4 She suggests that Bethany volunteers at a Cumulative Review
homework club. Bethany doesn’t react positively
10 1 make the most
because she thinks she isn’t very good with
2 get permission
young children.
3 while he was listening to the radio
4 have been exercising
Vocabulary 5 must not park
3 1 habitat
2 founder Reading
3 bully
11 It is surprising because Malala was nearly killed by
4 victim
5 shade the Taliban for going to school, and so you might
expect her to feel afraid.
4 1 make
2 enthusiastic / eager 12 1 Two adjectives that accurately describe Malala’s
3 outgoing / sociable / friendly / extroverted personality are brave / courageous /
4 dependable enthusiastic / fun / sociable / outgoing /
5 dedicated dedicated.
2 He wanted to tell people about the problems and
needs of his community, give a voice to the
people living there, and change the negative
image of poor neighborhoods.
4
3 She thought technology was about repairing Vocabulary

computers. Then she attended a “Little Miss
3 Across
Geek” workshop and discovered that technology
can be fun. 1 purchase
4 She designed an app called Jazzy Recycling 5 recommend
which shows people where and what they can Down
recycle. You can share your efforts with others 2 exaggerate
and get rewards, which makes it fun. 3 advertise
4 convince
Writing 4 1 appeal
2 broadcast
13 Suggested answer: 3 supply
Paragraph 1 4 browser
Students greet their friend appropriately and ask 5 select
them how they are and what they have been doing. 5 1 consumers
They should introduce the activity and tell them 2 refund
what they have been doing, using the present 3 charge
perfect continuous. 4 bargains
Paragraph 2 5 promoting
further details about the activity, including when and Practical English
where it took place, what it involved, and whether it 6 1 Good morning. I’m John Howard. Can you tell
has been a success. me why you have applied for this job?
Paragraph 3 2 Sport is my passion, so a coach’s assistant job
Students should offer a personal reflection about really appeals to me. That’s why I applied.
how the experience has changed their outlook or 3 Good, we like passionate people here. What
opinion. experience do you have?
4 Well, I do a lot of volunteering at my local gym.
Paragraph 4
5 OK. Why do you think you are suitable for this
Students end the e-mail by giving a plausible
job?
reason why they have to go, and signing off 6 I think I’m the right person because I’m
appropriately. dedicated to working with young people, and I
Note that students should use informal linking absolutely love sports.
expressions such as so, basically, I mean, and 7 Great answer. Do you have any questions?
anyway to make things clear, change the topic, 8 Yes. Is there any training?
and / or introduce a result. 9 Yes, there is a four-week training program.
10 That’s great. Thank you for seeing me today.
Unit 2
Grammar
7 1 absolutely
2 simply
3 Maybe
4 completely
Listening 5 simply
1 B 8 1 There aren’t enough tomatoes to make a salad.
2 1 journalist and technology specialist 2 There are a few good restaurants in my town.
2 online supermarket shopping 3 You put too much sugar in my coffee.
3 to keep a record of what customers buy 4 We bought a lot of clothes on sale.
4 She received lots of unwanted e-mails and 5 There are too many books on that bookshelf.
phone calls from other companies, offering her
products.
5
9 1 didn’t have, bought Paragraph 4

2 had, started, arrived Students conclude by expressing their opinion of
3 didn’t play, had sprained the restaurant before this experience, using the past
4 hadn’t seen, bought perfect. They should then express their
5 told, had seen disappointment, suggest what the restaurant should
do, end the letter with appropriate expressions, and
Cumulative Review sign off appropriately.
10 1 b Throughout the letter, students should use formal,
2 b polite language (avoiding short forms).
3 d
4 c Unit 2
5 a
Reading
11 American shoppers are spending more money in
local stores. Listening
12 1 Clever advertising, cheaper prices, and a huge
1 B
selection of products.
2 You can compare prices and products and buy 2 1 save, browse / look at
anything you want from the comfort of your own 2 online / on the Internet, use, card
home. 3 advertise / promote / recommend
3 To encourage people to do their shopping at 4 share, companies / businesses
independent stores.
4 taste the products before you buy them Vocabulary
3 1 C
Writing 2 A
13 Suggested answer: 3 –
4 E
Paragraph 1
5 B
Students put their address in the top right-hand
6 D
corner and the restaurant’s address beneath it, on
4 1 potential
the left. They put the date on the right-hand side.
2 claiming
They should greet the person appropriately, using
3 browsing
Dear Sir or Madam, or Dear + an invented 4 bid
restaurant or manager name. They should explain 5 promotion
what they are complaining about, saying when they
5 1 consumers / customers
were at the restaurant and who they were with, 2 refund
using the simple past. 3 charge
Paragraph 2 4 broadcast
Students should explain in some detail the problem 5 suppliers
they experienced at the restaurant – with the food,
service, or something else – and who was affected. Practical English
They should use intensifiers (e.g. totally, very, 6 1 to
extremely, etc.) appropriately and in the correct 2 volunteering
position. 3 dedicated
Paragraph 3 4 absolutely
Students should give further information about 5 impressed
something else that happened at the restaurant
which compounded the problem.
6
Grammar what they are complaining about, saying when they

7 1 absolutely were at the restaurant and who they were with,
2 simply using the simple past.
3 Maybe Paragraph 2
4 completely Students should explain in some detail the problem
5 extremely they experienced at the restaurant – with the food,
8 1 enough service, or something else – and who was affected.
2 a few They should use intensifiers (e.g. totally, very,
3 too much extremely, etc.) appropriately and in the correct
4 a lot of position.
5 too many Paragraph 3
9 1 I didn’t have much money left after I had bought Students should give further information about
the / my scooter. something else that happened at the restaurant
2 The movie had already started by the time we which compounded the problem.
arrived at the movie theater. Paragraph 4
3 John didn’t play soccer on Saturday because he
Students conclude by expressing their opinion of
had sprained his ankle that morning.
the restaurant before this experience, using the past
4 I hadn’t seen the ad before I bought the potato
chips. perfect. They should then express their
5 Molly told us that she had seen Alex at the party disappointment, suggest what the restaurant should
last Friday. do, end the letter with appropriate expressions, and
sign off appropriately.
Cumulative Review Throughout the letter, students should use formal,
polite language (avoiding short forms).
10 1 had felt
2 was reading
3 many Unit 2
4 yet
5 consumers
Reading
11 1 D Listening
2 F 1 She thinks there is too much of it, and she finds it
3 A very annoying / irritating.
4 C
2 1 They record everything you buy or browse in
12 1 clever advertising, cheaper prices
lists, and when you next go on the website, you
2 compare prices and products
3 better than / (of a) better quality than see the products you have looked at and bought
4 travel to other countries / to a foreign country, before.
purchase / buy 2 Customers think they will save money if they get
a loyalty card, since they appear to offer great
bargains.
Writing
3 She says that the cards record everything you
13 Suggested answer: buy and pass on your information / details to
Paragraph 1 other companies.
Students put their address in the top right-hand 4 He suggests that you look out for a box that you
corner and the restaurant’s address beneath it, on have to either check or not check to say that you
don’t want your details passed on.
the left. They put the date on the right-hand side.
Dear Sir or Madam, or Dear + an invented
restaurant or manager name. They should explain
7
Reading
Vocabulary 11 It is appropriate because people are now shopping
3 1 stunning more at local, independent stores and not large
2 basement supermarkets and stores.
3 habitable 12 1 They were considered inferior because they
4 potential
were more expensive and didn’t have a large
5 purchasing
selection of products.
4 1 supply 2 Online shopping was the other factor. This is
2 bargain appealing because you can compare prices and
3 recommend products, and order easily from home.
4 browse 3 It provides jobs to local people and increases the
5 slogan money going to local suppliers and others
5 1 consumers / customers / shoppers involved in the business.
2 refund 4 The article says that when Americans go to other
3 charge countries, they want to visit small local stores
4 broadcast with traditional products.
5 suppliers / producers
Writing
Practical English 13 Suggested answer:
6 1 to Paragraph 1
2 volunteering / voluntary work Students put their address in the top right-hand
3 dedicated corner and the restaurant’s address beneath it, on
4 absolutely / totally the left. They put the date on the right-hand side.
5 impressed
Dear Sir or Madam, or Dear + an invented
Grammar restaurant or manager name. They should explain
7 1 absolutely / completely / totally what they are complaining about, saying when they
2 simply / absolutely were at the restaurant and who they were with,
3 Maybe using the simple past.
4 Obviously Paragraph 2
5 extremely / very
Students should explain in some detail the problem
8 1 There aren’t enough tomatoes to make a salad. they experienced at the restaurant – with the food,
2 There are (only) a few good restaurants in my service, or something else – and who was affected.
town.
They should use intensifiers (e.g. totally, very,
3 You put too much sugar in my coffee.
4 We bought a lot of clothes on sale. extremely, etc.) appropriately and in the correct
5 There are too many books on that bookshelf. position.
Paragraph 3
9 1 had done / finished, went
2 had, started / begun, arrived Students should give further information about
3 didn’t have, had bought something else that happened at the restaurant
4 told, had been / traveled which compounded the problem.
5 had finished / done / completed, watched Paragraph 4
Students conclude by expressing their opinion of
Cumulative Review the restaurant before this experience, using the past
perfect. They should then express their
10 1 had felt
2 was reading / looking disappointment, suggest what the restaurant should
3 many do, end the letter with appropriate expressions, and
4 yet sign off appropriately.
5 consumers / shoppers Throughout the letter, students should use formal,
polite language (avoiding short forms).
8
Unit 3 8 1 E
2 A
3 D
4 B
5 C
Listening 9 1 had, done

2 Did you have, painted
1 B 3 had, delivered
2 1 F 4 have, cleaned
2 T 5 has, washed
3 T
4 T Cumulative Review
5 DS
10 1 d
6 F
2 b
7 F
3 b
8 DS
4 c
5 a
Vocabulary
3 1 C Reading
2 E
11 1 C
3 B
2 A
4 A
3 B
5 D
12 1 the proteins and fat in the meat they eat
4 1 alternative
2 from the humming sound they make when their
2 innovative
wings move very fast
3 electronic
3 four times as strong as humans
4 adaptable
4 fruit, plants, and flowers
5 release
5 1 repair
Writing
2 transported
3 perform 13 Suggested answer:
4 boost Paragraph 1
5 burned Students introduce the received wisdom about the
topic they have chosen, using a passive expression.
Practical English They state their opinion on this topic.
6 1 getting Paragraph 2
2 up Students present at least two arguments that
3 fascinates support their view on the topic, and use
4 have conjunctions to link their ideas.
5 It’d Paragraph 3
The opposing view or disadvantages to the
Grammar proposed way of using or saving energy should be
7 1 It is said that outlined. Again, conjunctions should be used to link
2 is used in Greece ideas.
3 were built Paragraph 4
4 It is accepted Students conclude, using appropriate expressions,
5 going to be / isn’t being released e.g. In summary, … . They should briefly set out the
choices we have, using either … or … . They should
end by re-stating their personal opinion on the topic,
9
backed up by the evidence and arguments they 8 1 himself

have presented. 2 each other
3 myself
Unit 3 4 themselves
5 on each other
9 1 I didn’t have my hair cut yesterday.
2 Do you have your house decorated often?
3 We had our furniture delivered last week.
4 My uncle doesn’t have his house cleaned every
Listening week.
1 wind, solar 5 Rachel has her car washed every three months.
2 1 sustainable / alternative energy sources, fossil

Cumulative Review
fuels, run out
2 nuclear power 10 1 making
3 contains / releases, large / high / big 2 are created
4 uses / makes use of, electricity / energy 3 release
4 have been developing
Vocabulary 5 Plenty / Lots
3 1 C
Reading
2 A
3 E 11 hummingbird and cheetah
4 B 12 1 energy, prey
5 D 2 move their wings / fly very fast
4 1 celebration 3 flowers / the sugar they get from their food
2 developed 4 muscles, differently / in a different way, strength /
3 trained agility
4 boost 5 weight / strength
5 crashed
5 1 repair Writing
2 transported
3 perform
Paragraph 1
4 Solar-powered / Solar
5 burned Students introduce the received wisdom about the
topic they have chosen, using a passive expression.
Practical English They state their opinion on this topic.
Paragraph 2
6 1 I’m interested in getting a tablet. Students present at least two arguments that
2 I’ve given up reading paper books now!
support their view on the topic, and use
3 Science really fascinates me.
conjunctions to link their ideas.
4 I could have done better in my last science test.
5 It’d be great if you could help me with the next Paragraph 3
assignment. The opposing view or disadvantages to the
proposed way of using or saving energy should be
Grammar outlined. Again, conjunctions should be used to link
ideas.
7 1 wasn’t sent
Paragraph 4
2 isn’t used
Students conclude, using appropriate expressions,
3 will be built
4 is accepted e.g. In summary, … . They should briefly set out the
5 is going to be released choices we have, using either … or … . They should
10
backed up by the evidence and arguments they Grammar

have presented. 7 1 This book was sent to me yesterday (by Jack).
2 Facebook is used by millions of people.
Unit 3 3 Two new schools will be built in my town next
year.
4 It is accepted that wind power has lots of
advantages.
5 A new smartphone is going to be released (by
the technology company) next year.
Listening 8 1 himself
1 She thinks it’s dangerous and that people shouldn’t 2 each other / one another
use it, because if there was an accident, it could be 3 myself
catastrophic. 4 themselves
5 each other / one another
2 1 We need to use alternative energy sources
9 1 I didn’t have my hair cut yesterday.
because fossil fuels will run out, and when
2 Do you have your house decorated often?
they’re burned, they cause a lot of pollution.
3 We had our furniture delivered last week.
2 There will be an electric power plant in the
4 They have their house cleaned every week.
Underground which will convert body heat into
5 Rachel hasn’t had her car washed for three
electricity to heat Londoners’ homes.
months.
3 They have used sugar (cane) as fuel for their
cars.
4 Carbon dioxide and methane gas in the water Cumulative Review
cause the explosions. A power plant near the 10 1 making
lake extracts / takes up the methane and uses it 2 are
to produce electricity. 3 release
4 have been
Vocabulary 5 Plenty / Lots
3 1 absorb
2 participate Reading
3 convert 11 The cheetah is compared to the sport of Formula 1.
4 support It is compared to a race car to show its power and
5 store
speed.
4 1 innovative
12 1 Their muscles are different. They are longer and
2 solar-powered
thicker, which makes them more powerful. They
3 generate / produce
4 high-tech also have less control over how they use their
5 energy-saving muscles, which means they use them more.
2 Their wings move and their hearts beat very
5 1 repair / fix
quickly. This allows them to fly quickly in every
2 transported / taken
direction.
3 performing / doing
3 They do this in order to slow down the rate at
4 run
which they burn calories. This means they can
5 rest
survive until the next day, and feed again.
4 They need to rest because they have used a lot
Practical English of energy when chasing their prey, and their
6 1 interested body temperature rises dramatically afterwards.
2 up
3 fascinates / interests
4 have done
5 It’d / It would
11
Down
Writing 2 exaggerate
5
B P E R F O R M K
Paragraph 1
Students introduce the received wisdom about the M R C W I W Q A E
topic they have chosen, using a passive expression. V Q O E T E W S A
They state their opinion on this topic. C W N A R R E D G
Paragraph 2
L E V Q D T R F E
Students present at least two arguments that
A R I E W C T R R
support their view on the topic, and use
conjunctions to link their ideas. I T N R Q Y A T F
Paragraph 3 M Y C T E G Y S E
The opposing view or disadvantages to the C H E N A M A L T
proposed way of using or saving energy should be
outlined. Again, conjunctions should be used to link 1 perform
ideas. 2 eager
3 convince
Paragraph 4
4 claimed
Students conclude, using appropriate expressions,
5 broadcast
e.g. In summary, … . They should briefly set out the
choices we have, using either … or … . They should
Practical English
backed up by the evidence and arguments they 6 1 I’d like some information about making my home
have presented. more environmentally friendly.
2 Could you explain what making your home
eco-friendly involves?
Cumulative test 1 3 What you do is start with simple changes.
4 Is it possible to use solar panels to heat my
home?
5 If you use solar energy in your home, you will
save a lot of money.
Listening
Grammar
1 F
7 1 already
2 1 A
2 ever
2 C
3 was riding
3 A
4 enough
4 B
5 had
8 1 D
Vocabulary 2 E
3 3 C
Adjectives of Adjectives of 4 B
personality technology 5 F
bitter chemical 9 1 have been watching
supportive innovative 2 have built
truthful 3 didn’t miss
4 was opened
4 Across
5 Will, be used
1 cruel
3 appear
4 outgoing
5 sustainable
12
Consolidation Cumulative test 1

10 1 a
2 c
3 c
4 d
5 a
Listening
Reading 1 1 C
2 A
11 Hong Kong, Morocco, and Germany 3 D
12 1 on Saturdays 2 1 Australia, Spain
2 vintage cameras and camera parts 2 100,000
3 souk 3 don’t like / hate, wind farms
4 a carpet or rug 4 reduce / lower, fuel
5 on the weekend / every weekend
6 along a canal in Berlin
Vocabulary
7 Marrakech
3 1 truthful
Writing 2 chemical
3 bitter
13 Suggested answer: 4 innovative
Paragraph 1 5 supportive
Adjectives of Adjectives of
corner and the travel company’s address beneath it personality technology
on the left. They put the date on the right-hand side. truthful chemical
They should greet the person appropriately using bitter innovative
Dear Sir or Madam, or Dear + an invented name of supportive
the travel company’s director. They should explain
4 1 D
what they are complaining about, saying where and
2 E
when they saw the advertisement, when they
3 B
booked, and when they went on this holiday, using 4 A
the simple past. 5 C
Paragraph 2
5 1 converts
Students should explain in some detail the problems 2 generates
they experienced while on this vacation, using the 3 convinces
notes provided. They should use intensifiers 4 exaggerates
(e.g. totally, very, extremely, etc.) appropriately and 5 broadcast
in the correct position.
Students should give further information about
6 1 making
another misleading aspect of the advertisement or 2 explain
another problem they experienced on vacation. 3 What
Paragraph 4 4 possible
Students conclude by expressing their opinion of 5 If
the travel company before this experience, using
the past perfect. They should then express their Grammar
disappointment, suggest what the travel company 7 1 just
should do to compensate them, end the letter with 2 ever
appropriate expressions, and sign off appropriately. 3 was
4 itself
5 had
13
8 1 Wave power is going to be used to generate (e.g. totally, very, extremely, etc.) appropriately and
electricity for 10,000 homes. in the correct position.
2 I had my bike repaired yesterday. Paragraph 3
3 After Mom had eaten the / some fish, she began Students should give further information about
to feel sick. another misleading aspect of the advertisement or
4 They have been playing basketball for two
another problem they experienced on vacation.
hours.
Paragraph 4
5 Did you use to play outdoors when you were
young? Students conclude by expressing their opinion of
9 1 haven’t been watching
the past perfect. They should then express their
2 have, returned
3 missed disappointment, suggest what the travel company
4 was opened should do to compensate them, end the letter with
5 Will, be used appropriate expressions, and sign off appropriately.
Consolidation Cumulative test 1

10 1 difference
2 supportive
3 advertised
4 written
5 has had
Listening
Reading 1 1 T
2 F
11 Marrakech, a carpet / rug 3 F
12 1 go to Uncle Szeto’s stall, Hong Kong 2 1 The hot air is trapped in a large area under the
2 sold, beautiful bottom of the tower. As it rises, it flows up
3 second-hand items and new art and design through the tower and powers generators.
objects (including handmade clothes by new 2 Since they are in the ocean, the wind farms don’t
German designers) spoil the landscape, and they produce more
4 sit, listen to (informal) music, and soak up the power because they capture winds from the
atmosphere open ocean.
3 Large pieces of material, like kites, could be
Writing used as sails and help cargo ships to travel
across the ocean.
4 25 percent
Paragraph 1
Vocabulary
corner and the travel company’s address beneath it
on the left. They put the date on the right-hand side. 3 1 bargains
They should greet the person appropriately, using 2 Consumers / Customers
Dear Sir or Madam, or Dear + an invented name of 3 selection
4 products
5 media
what they are complaining about, saying where and
when they saw the advertisement, when they 4 1 celebrate
2 wireless
booked, and when they went on this holiday, using
3 optimistic
the simple past.
4 potential
Paragraph 2 5 national park
Students should explain in some detail the problems
they experienced while on this vacation, using the
notes provided. They should use intensifiers
14
5 1 cruel 3 It’s very big, with lots of sections and pathways,

2 outgoing so it’s easy to get lost.
3 truthful 4 Kowloon market is mentioned as having an
4 convert immigrant community. The people are from
5 repaired southeast Asia. You can eat exotic food there,
including dragon fruit and durian fruit.
Practical English
Writing
6 1 making
2 explain / tell me 13 Suggested answer:
3 What Paragraph 1
4 possible Students put their address in the top right-hand
5 If / When corner and the travel company’s address beneath it
on the left. They put the date on the right-hand side.
Grammar They should greet the person appropriately, using
Dear Sir or Madam, or Dear + an invented name of
7 1 They’ve just completed the project today, so it’s
a very exciting time.
2 Have you ever / already been to France? what they are complaining about, saying where and
3 Patrick was riding his bike in the park when he when they saw the advertisement, when they
fell off. booked, and when they went on this vacation, using
4 The laptop is able to switch itself off when it gets the simple past.
too hot. Paragraph 2
5 Carol had read the book before she saw the Students should explain in some detail the problems
movie, so she knew what the story was. they experienced while on this vacation, using the
8 1 had set up / created / started notes provided. They should use intensifiers
2 used (e.g. totally, very, extremely, etc.) appropriately and
3 was studying in the correct position.
4 has produced
Paragraph 3
5 has been writing
Students should give further information about
9 1 haven’t been watching another misleading aspect of the advertisement or
2 have, returned / got back / come back
another problem they experienced on vacation.
3 missed / didn’t catch / didn’t get
Paragraph 4
4 (was) closed
5 Will, be used / driven Students conclude by expressing their opinion of
Consolidation the past perfect. They should then express their
disappointment, suggest what the travel company
10 1 will be used (by the government) should do to compensate them, end the letter with
2 had my bike repaired
appropriate expressions, and sign off appropriately.
3 After I ate / had eaten
4 get things done
5 is getting used to
Reading
11 souk and flea market
12 1 They are important because you can watch
people and experience the culture and diversity
of a community.
2 The markets in Berlin would appeal to furniture
collectors because they sell antique tables and
chairs.
15
10 Great. Maybe I’ll come running with you.

Unit 4
Grammar
7 1 If
2 come
3 wouldn’t
4 unless
Listening
5 studied
1 A 8 1 B
2 1 F 2 A
2 F 3 C
3 T 4 D
4 F 5 E
5 DS 9 1 would, have done, had won
6 T 2 feel
7 F 3 wouldn’t have met, hadn’t moved
8 DS 4 would eat, liked
5 had bought
Vocabulary
3 1 broken leg Cumulative Review
2 sore back 10 1 b
3 itchy skin 2 c
4 sprained wrist 3 d
5 bruised knee 4 d
4 1 swollen ankle 5 b
2 allergic reaction
3 dislocated shoulder Reading
4 aching muscles
5 stiff neck 11 He would replace it with a positive thought.
5 1 opened 12 1 tennis and swimming
2 slow 2 He wrote a diary reflecting on his feelings and
3 chill what he should do.
4 face 3 his breathing
5 cut 4 Duncan’s roommate in hospital. He had broken
both his legs and dislocated his shoulder.
Practical English
Writing
6 1 Can I ask your advice? I feel tired all the time. I
need to do more exercise, but I’m so busy. What 13 Suggested answer:
do you think I should do? Day 1
2 Well, if I were you, I would make some time to Students should introduce their activity – which can
do exercise. It’s important for your health. be some sort of organized class, sport, or
3 I know it is … Would you suggest joining a gym? something else of their own choosing – using the
4 You don’t have to join a gym. My advice would present perfect with recently or just. They should
be to find a sport you enjoy. Have you thought use the simple past to briefly outline their first
about bike riding?
experience of this activity.
5 I don’t know how to ride a bike, and I don’t have
Day 2
a bike.
6 OK. Not bike riding, then. What about running? Students give more details about the activity. They
7 That’s a good idea. Do I need to buy anything? should use the simple present to describe the
8 No, but make sure you wear the right shoes. reaction it produces in them and others, and how
9 It’s OK, I have some good sneakers. they feel after they have finished a session of it.
16
They should use will or might to describe Practical English

anticipated future changes that might arise as a 6 1 should
result of doing this activity, e.g. I think I’ll be in good 2 if
shape soon! 3 suggest
Day 3 4 would
Students should describe another aspect of the 5 thought
activity they have experienced, using the simple
present. They should reflect on what they have Grammar
learned from doing this activity so far. They should 7 1 If, don’t hurry
also reflect on the overall goal or objectives of doing 2 if, come
this activity, e.g. it makes you fitter, and say whether 3 If, wouldn’t have asked
they agree that continuing to do this activity could 4 will go, unless
help them or someone else to achieve these goals. 5 If, had studied
Throughout the blog, students should use, as 8 1 If I lie in the sun (for) too long, I will get a
relevant, informal features common to blogs, e.g. sunburn!
active verb forms, first person narrative, colloquial 2 When you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils.
words, short forms, and phrasal verbs. 3 If Karen had spoken Spanish, she would have
got the job.
4 If only I had paid more attention when I was in
Unit 4 school.
5 If we had known you were arriving today, we
would have made a nice meal.
9 1 Would, have bought, had won
2 feel
Listening 3 wouldn’t have met, hadn’t moved
4 would eat, liked
1 1 why she decided to write the book
5 had gone
2 what activities she enjoyed
3 how she discovered her passions
4 what she gained from the experience Cumulative Review
2 1 60, bank 10 1 has, been
2 health (problems), worse 2 cheer, up
3 missed socializing / connecting with other people 3 take
4 swimming 4 aching
5 was skiing
Vocabulary
Reading
3 1 C
2 D 11 1 F
3 F 2 A
4 E 3 C
5 B 4 D
4 1 bruised 12 1 used to have / had, happened / had happened
2 Avalanches 2 liked / respected, made, laugh
3 snow shoes 3 stronger (as a person), essential / important,
4 parka thinking positively
5 allergic
5 1 opened
2 slow
3 chill
4 face
5 cut
17
9 happier
Writing
Vocabulary
Day 1 3 1 thermal underwear
Students should introduce their activity – which can 2 layers
be some sort of organized class, sport, or 3 snow shoes
4 avalanches
something else of their own choosing – using the
5 parka
present perfect with recently or just. They should
use the simple past to briefly outline their first 4 1 cheerful
2 anxious
3 grumpy
Day 2
4 sleepy
Students give more details about the activity. They 5 dynamic
should use the simple present to describe the
5 1 opened
reaction it produces in them and others, and how
2 slow
they feel after they have finished a session of it. 3 chill
They should use will or might to describe 4 face
anticipated future changes that might arise as a 5 cut
result of doing this activity, e.g. I think I’ll be in good
shape soon! Practical English
Day 3
6 1 should
Students should describe another aspect of the
2 if
activity they have experienced, using the simple 3 suggest / recommend
present. They should reflect on what they have 4 would
learned from doing this activity so far. They should 5 thought
also reflect on the overall goal or objectives of doing
this activity, e.g. it makes you fitter, and say whether Grammar
they agree that continuing to do this activity could
7 1 If we don’t hurry, we will miss the bus. / Unless
help them or someone else to achieve these goals.
we hurry, we will miss the bus.
Throughout the blog, students should use, as
2 I’ll go for a run if you come with me. / I’d go for a
relevant, informal features common to blogs, e.g. run if you came with me.
active verb forms, first person narrative, colloquial 3 If I had known you were sick, I wouldn’t have
words, short forms, and phrasal verbs. asked you to help me clean up.
4 We will go to the beach tomorrow unless the
weather is bad. / We will go to the beach
Unit 4
tomorrow if the weather isn’t bad.
5 If only I had studied harder for my tests.
8 1 hadn’t
2 would
3 met
Listening 4 wouldn’t
1 chess 5 won / received
2 1 financial / banking 9 1 would, have bought, had won

2 health / back 2 feel / get
3 60 hours / too many hours 3 wouldn’t have met / seen each other, hadn’t
4 husband moved
5 worried / concerned 4 would eat, liked
6 junk food 5 had gone
7 sports
8 hard / difficult
18
Cumulative Review Throughout the blog, students should use, as

10 1 have never tried scuba diving relevant, informal features common to blogs, e.g.
2 used to living away from home (yet) active verb forms, first person narrative, colloquial
3 I were you, I’d words, short forms, and phrasal verbs.
4 hadn’t been looking at the map, I wouldn’t have
5 make a difference Unit 5
Reading
11 He feels stronger and more able to cope with
difficulties and challenges. He believes that we must
think positively about life. Listening
12 1 He had a healthy and active lifestyle. 1 B
2 He thought about where he felt stressed in his
2 1 c
body and imagined his body relaxing.
3 He thought his roommate was an inspirational 2 c
person because despite his injuries, he never 3 b
lost his sense of humor. 4 b
4 He made a list because he wanted to remind
himself to be grateful for the things he had in his Vocabulary
life. 3 1 E
2 D
Writing 3 B
13 Suggested answer: 4 A
5 C
Day 1
Students should introduce their activity – which can 4 1 tradition
be some sort of organized class, sport, or 2 Diplomacy
3 Netiquette
4 consideration
present perfect with recently or just. They should
5 interaction
use the simple past to briefly outline their first
5 1 etiquette
2 log
Day 2
3 uploaded
Students give more details about the activity. They 4 edited
should use the simple present to describe the 5 rudeness
they feel after they have finished a session of it. Practical English
They should use will or might to describe
6 1 could
anticipated future changes that might arise as a
2 unlikely
result of doing this activity, e.g. I think I’ll be in good 3 could
shape soon! 4 not
Day 3 5 be
activity they have experienced, using the simple Grammar
present. They should reflect on what they have
7 1 tag question
learned from doing this activity so far. They should
2 question with preposition
also reflect on the overall goal or objectives of doing 3 question with preposition
this activity, e.g. it makes you fitter, and say whether 4 subject question
they agree that continuing to do this activity could 5 object question
19
8 1 We may go to the beach if it doesn’t rain. / If it Announcement 4

doesn’t rain, we may go to the beach. Finally, students should announce a new
2 I remember seeing Paul at the party last night. technological means of communication between
3 When did you speak to Ava? club members where they can receive updates and
4 I went to the library to do some research for my invites, e.g. a new website, Facebook page, etc.
project.
They should use appropriate technology verbs from
5 Molly tried to make a cake.
the unit, e.g. access, register, respond, comment.
9 1 to lock
2 telling
3 watching Unit 5
4 to become
5 to launch
Cumulative Review
10 1 a Listening
2 c 1 He will probably stay. Yes, he does.
3 d
2 1 (Tarnów in) Poland
4 a
2 since he was a child / young
5 c
3 work / a job, country / culture
4 fitness, personal trainer
Reading 5 volunteers
11 1 B 6 brunch
2 D
3 A Vocabulary
12 1 rows of lighted lamps 3 1 C
2 Light oil lamps for the goddess Lakshmi, so that 2 E
she will come into their homes and bring wealth. 3 B
3 To welcome the gods into their homes, they are 4 A
colorful patterns and shapes. 5 D
4 good and evil
4 1 currently
2 poverty
Writing 3 Actually
13 Suggested answer: 4 respectful
Announcement 1 5 comment
Students should start by asking who wants to do the 5 1 face to face
activity they have chosen. They should use the 2 log
present continuous and will to briefly describe the 3 uploaded
4 edited
date, time, and place of the sessions or meetings
5 launched
that they have organized.
Announcement 2
Practical English
Students should enthusiastically announce an
important new event for the club. They should 6 1 could
briefly describe it, and outline its purpose. 2 unlikely
Announcement 3 3 consider
4 not
In this announcement, another event should be
5 to
advertised. Students should say what it is, when it is
taking place, and state who is invited, e.g. new
members, old members, or everyone.
20
Grammar Announcement 4
7 1 haven’t Finally, students should announce a new
2 to technological means of communication between
3 inform club members where they can receive updates and
4 on invites, e.g. a new website, Facebook page, etc.
5 using They should use appropriate technology verbs from
8 1 must be tired the unit, e.g. access, register, respond, comment.
2 may go to the party
3 can’t be Molly’s house Unit 5
4 Remember to
5 My dad stopped smoking
9 1 Who designed these clothes?
2 What were they working on?
3 Who is your brother talking to?
4 What does she do? Listening
5 Who is the product aimed at? 1 He likes the U.S. and feels positive about it. He
thinks it’s very multicultural, and if you work
Cumulative Review hard, you can do well.
10 1 believed 2 1 She says they are beautiful cities with amazing
2 etiquette architecture.
3 might / may 2 He wanted to find a job because there weren’t
4 make many jobs in Poland. He also wanted to
5 When experience a different country and culture.
3 He worked on a construction site.
Reading 4 He missed his family and being able to hear and
speak his own language.
11 She feels very proud and happy to celebrate it. 5 He didn’t know what brunch was.
12 1 is new and appears in a crescent shape
2 the goddess Lakshmi can come into their homes Vocabulary
3 people buy new clothes and gifts
4 parents, children, celebrated / important 3 1 interaction
2 upbringing
3 etiquette
Writing 4 appreciation
13 Suggested answer: 5 diplomacy
Announcement 1 4 1 launched / published
Students should start by asking who wants to do the 2 register
activity they have chosen. They should use the 3 uploaded
present continuous and will to briefly describe the 4 comment
date, time, and place of the sessions or meetings 5 bookmark
that they have organized. 5 1 social circle
Announcement 2 2 face to face
Students should enthusiastically announce an 3 virtual
4 edited
important new event for the club. They should
5 Politeness
briefly describe it, and outline its purpose.
Announcement 3
In this announcement, another event should be
advertised. Students should say what it is, when it is
taking place, and state who is invited, e.g. new
members, old members, or everyone.
21
Writing
6 1 could Announcement 1
2 unlikely Students should start by asking who wants to do the
3 consider / think about / try activity they have chosen. They should use the
4 not present continuous and will to briefly describe the
5 to be date, time, and place of the sessions or meetings
that they have organized.
Grammar Announcement 2
7 1 didn’t Students should enthusiastically announce an
2 (in order) to important new event for the club. They should
3 inform / tell / say to briefly describe it and outline its purpose.
4 on Announcement 3
5 using / adding In this announcement, another event should be
8 1 haven’t you advertised. Students should say what it is, when it is
2 do taking place, and state who is invited, e.g. new
3 about / on members, old members, or everyone.
4 with
Announcement 4
5 didn’t you
Finally, students should announce a new
9 1 must
technological means of communication between
2 might / may
club members where they can receive updates and
3 can’t
4 must invites, e.g. a new website, Facebook page, etc.
5 could / may / might They should use appropriate technology verbs from
the unit, e.g. access, register, respond, comment.
Cumulative Review
10 1 believed
Unit 6
2 etiquette / manners
3 might / may / could
4 make
5 When
Listening
Reading
1 stand-up comedy and theme parks
11 The text says that parents tell their children stories
2 1 T
about the origin of Diwali to educate them about 2 F
right and wrong. It is also a festival about the victory 3 T
of good over evil. 4 DS
12 1 It has a particular significance because she is 5 F
Hindu and her name means “lamp”. (Diwali 6 T
7 T
means “rows of lighted lamps.”)
8 DS
2 The festival begins with people lighting their oil
lamps so they can welcome the goddess
Lakshmi. Vocabulary
3 In Diwali, people go shopping, give gifts to family 3 1 C
and friends, and have a meal together, which is 2 A
similar to how people celebrate Christmas. 3 B
4 You would be treated well / in a friendly way, and 4 E
you would be invited to join the celebration. 5 D
22
4 1 amateur 12 1 Elrow in Barcelona

2 newcomer 2 the lights and music were incredible
3 spotlight 3 the great music (and the DJs)
4 reveal 4 Badaboum. You can play video games and sit in
5 sketch the area that looks like a living room.
5 1 denied
2 boasted Writing
3 insist
4 recommend 13 Suggested answer:
5 point out Paragraph 1
Students should use formal language to introduce
Practical English the aim of the report. They should say what the
information in the report is based on, i.e. the results
6 1 about
received from a questionnaire. Students should
2 opinion
invent any background information about the
3 to
4 view circumstances of the questionnaire and the number
5 couldn’t of students involved.
Paragraph 2
Grammar Students should present the results of the first
question. They should use adverb phrases such as
7 1 After
one in four and less than half to describe the
2 at
results, as well as referencing the percentages.
3 of
4 away Paragraph 3
5 on Students should present the results of the second
8 1 C question, again using adverb phrases and
2 A percentages to express the findings. They should
3 B also use appropriate reporting verbs, e.g. stated,
4 E expressed, confirmed, etc.
5 D Paragraph 4
9 1 if / whether we wanted Students should conclude, using appropriate
2 to talk expressions, e.g. To sum up. They should invent
3 offered sensible suggestions about what the results of the
4 (always) played, loud questionnaire could signify, e.g. that students have
5 couldn’t, my a strong interest in American films.
Cumulative Review
10 1 a
2 c
3 d
4 b
5 a
Reading
11 1 C
2 D
3 A
23
8 1 “I saw this TV show yesterday,” he told us.

Unit 6 2 Helen admitted that she had slept late that
morning.
3 “Oh, and did you enjoy your trip to Chicago last
weekend?” Jon asked us.
4 Holly said that she was moving to Los Angeles
next / the following month.
Listening 5 “I’ll call you tomorrow,” Catherine said.
1 A 9 1 The server asked us if we wanted to order any

more food.
2 1 has a negative
2 The teacher told the students not to talk during
2 capture the magic of the books
the test.
3 long / exhausting
3 Molly said that she would help (me) to clean the
4 Birdman
house. / Molly offered to help (me) clean the
5 review / summary
house.
6 some good songs (on it / there)
4 Carolyn complained that her neighbors (always)
7 sister
played their music too loud.
8 be famous / successful / the next big thing
5 Tyler told me that he couldn’t go to my party on
Saturday.
Vocabulary
3 1 D Cumulative Review
2 C 10 1 lived
3 E
2 remember
4 A
3 lots of
5 B
4 browse
4 1 monologue 5 will
2 amateur
3 microphone Reading
4 venue
5 spotlight 11 1 F
2 A
5 1 denied
3 C
2 boasted
4 D
3 insist
4 recommend 12 1 incredible lights and music
5 point out 2 its / the music
3 chill out and play video games
Practical English 4 the clubbers were dressed up in costumes
6 1 about Writing
2 opinion
3 to 13 Suggested answer:
4 view Paragraph 1
5 couldn’t Students should use formal language to introduce
the aim of the report. They should say what the
Grammar information in the report is based on, i.e. the results
7 1 c received from a questionnaire. Students should
2 b invent any background information about the
3 a circumstances of the questionnaire and the number
4 a of students involved.
5 a Paragraph 2
Students should present the results of the first
24
one in four and less than half to describe the Practical English
results, as well as referencing the percentages. 6 1 about / of
Paragraph 3 2 opinion / view
Students should present the results of the second 3 According
question, again using adverb phrases and 4 view
percentages to express the findings. They should 5 couldn’t
also use appropriate reporting verbs, e.g. stated,
expressed, confirmed, etc. Grammar
Paragraph 4 7 1 After
Students should conclude, using appropriate 2 at
expressions, e.g. To sum up. They should invent 3 silence
sensible suggestions about what the results of the 4 hurry / rush
questionnaire could signify, e.g. that students have 5 on
a strong interest in American films. 8 1 He told us that he had seen that TV show the
day before / the previous day.
Unit 6 2 Helen admitted that she had slept late that
morning.
3 Jon asked us if we had enjoyed our trip to
Chicago the previous weekend / the weekend
before.
4 Holly said that she was moving to Los Angeles
Listening the following month.
5 Catherine said that she would call me the next /
1 The purpose of the program is to review recent
following day.
entertainment, such as movies, books, and music.
9 Cameron asked me if I could find a good show that
2 1 She was disappointed because the battle scenes
he could take his Spanish friend Lucia to the
were boring.
following week.
2 She thinks this because it’s a good way to
He pointed out that he had seen Les Miserables
become familiar with a complicated story.
with her the previous year / the year before.
3 It’s a thriller about the future and what it means
He stated that he would pay for her ticket.
to be human.
He said that he had already booked to see Billy
4 He feels his music is cool and unforgettable.
Elliot with Lucia / her in a few months.
He added that he had read a fantastic review of The
Vocabulary Lion King.
3 1 Amateur
2 scriptwriters Cumulative Review
3 spotlight
10 1 asked me if I could recommend
4 venue
2 had finished by the
5 stage
3 remember spending
4 1 prop 4 make a decision
2 reveal 5 browsing in
3 zoom out
4 exhausting
Reading
5 sketch
5 1 denied 11 They were asked to visit the best clubs in the
2 boasted world for Clubzone and review them.
3 admit
4 recommend
5 confirm
25
12 1 There are lots of people, and the club has 2 1 B

multiple levels to watch people from. 2 A
2 She uses the word “electric” (to mean “producing 3 C
a sense of excitement”). 4 B
3 He thinks it’s a cool club because it has varied 5 C
music, and he thinks the DJs are very good. 6 B
4 They dress up and wear glamorous costumes. 7 A
They look like performers in a circus / Cirque de 8 B
Soleil performance. 9 B
Writing Vocabulary
13 Suggested answer: 3
Paragraph 1 Reporting verbs Technology verbs
Students should use formal language to introduce admit bookmark
the aim of the report. They should say what the boast host
information in the report is based on, i.e. the results insist launch
received from a questionnaire. Students should reveal transfer
invent any background information about the state log on
circumstances of the questionnaire and the number 4 Across
of students involved. 1 complain
Paragraph 2 2 recommend
Students should present the results of the first 3 etiquette
4 diplomacy
Down
one in four and less than half to describe the
1 consideration
results, as well as referencing the percentages.
5 1 sprained
Paragraph 3
2 microphone
Students should present the results of the second
3 stiff
question, again using adverb phrases and 4 props
percentages to express the findings. They should 5 acting
also use appropriate reporting verbs, e.g. stated,
expressed, confirmed, etc. Practical English
Paragraph 4
6 1 What do you think I should do?
Students should conclude, using appropriate
2 My advice would be to advertise it on the school
expressions, e.g. To sum up. They should invent
bulletin board.
sensible suggestions about what the results of the 3 Would you suggest posting it on a website?
questionnaire could signify, e.g. that students have 4 If I were you, I’d put it on Facebook.
a strong interest in American films. 5 You could produce pamphlets and hand them
out at school.
Cumulative test 2
Grammar
7 1 Unless
2 going
3 at
4 couldn’t
Listening
5 can’t
1 tired (her muscles were aching)
26
8 1 that, was from doing this activity so far. They should also
2 my / the, wasn’t reflect on the overall goal or objectives of doing this
3 could, following weekend activity (e.g. it makes you fitter), and say whether
4 was traveling, the following / next day they agree that continuing to do this activity could
5 that, had lived help them or someone else to achieve these goals.
9 1 won’t happen Throughout the blog, students should use, as
2 would, feel relevant, informal features common to blogs, e.g.
3 will pass active verb forms, first-person narrative, colloquial
4 could travel words, short forms, phrasal verbs.
5 wouldn’t have gone
Consolidation
Cumulative test 2
10 1 amateur
2 starting
3 would
4 charge
5 wouldn’t Listening
1 to review Claire’s fitness and eating habits
Reading 2 1 aching muscles, that the exercise is working
11 Martha and Ji-Min 2 make enough time
3 walks (for ten minutes), running, bike riding
12 1 a comedy club, stand-up comedians
4 that they have another meeting in four weeks’
2 the EMP Museum, an exhibition on Star Wars
time, Claire registers on the gym’s website.
3 Korean pop music, yes (she loves it)
4 books / reading, soccer
Vocabulary
Writing 3 1 bookmark is related to technology, and the
other words are related to injuries.
2 props is related to equipment, and the other
Day 1
words are related to types of people in
Students should introduce their activity – which can entertainment.
be some sort of organized class, sport, or 3 parka is a type of coat, and the other words are
something else of their own choosing – using the adjectives to describe people.
present perfect with recently or just. They should 4 upbringing is a noun used to describe how a
use the simple past to briefly outline their first person was brought up, and the other words
experience of this activity. relate to technology.
Day 2 5 rudeness is a negative behavior, whereas the
others are all examples of good behavior or
Students give more details about the activity. They
manners.
4 1 F
2 A
they feel after they have finished a session of it.
3 D
They should give the positive and negative aspects 4 C
of doing this activity, e.g. it’s great fun, but 5 B
exhausting and expensive. They should use will or
5 1 unforgettable
might to describe anticipated future changes that 2 own up
might arise as a result of doing this activity, e.g. I 3 extreme
think I’ll be in good shape soon! 4 anxious
Day 3 5 respond
past. They should reflect on what they have learned
27
Practical English
6 1 think Writing
2 be 13 Suggested answer:
3 suggest Day 1
4 were
Students should introduce their activity – which can
5 could
be some sort of organized class, sport, or
Grammar present perfect with recently or just. They should
7 1 Unless use the simple past to briefly outline their first
2 going experience of this activity.
3 at Day 2
4 couldn’t
Students give more details about the activity. They
5 can’t
8 1 Hannah told me that my painting was very reaction it produces in them and others, and how
original. they feel after they have finished a session of it.
2 I complained to the server that my hot chocolate
They should give the positive and negative aspects
wasn’t hot.
of doing this activity, e.g. it’s great fun, but
3 Tom said that he could help me paint my room
the following weekend. exhausting and expensive. They should use will or
4 Rodrigo said that he was traveling to Lisbon the might to describe anticipated future changes that
following / next day. might arise as a result of doing this activity, e.g. I
5 Martin mentioned that he had lived in Hong Kong think I’ll be in good shape soon!
for three years. Day 3
9 1 won’t happen Students should describe another aspect of the
2 would, feel activity they have experienced, using the simple
3 will pass past. They should reflect on what they have learned
4 could travel from doing this activity so far. They should also
5 wouldn’t have gone reflect on the overall goal or objectives of doing this
activity (e.g. it makes you fitter), and say whether
Consolidation they agree that continuing to do this activity could
10 1 amateur help them or someone else to achieve these goals.
2 starting Throughout the blog, students should use, as
3 would relevant, informal features common to blogs, e.g.
4 charge active verb forms, first person narrative, colloquial
5 wouldn’t words, short forms, phrasal verbs.
Reading
Cumulative test 2
11 Their love of socializing and sharing their
experiences with other people.
12 1 Jet City Improv, you can watch great acts and
sketches
2 music, science fiction and movie exhibits Listening
3 upload, comment
4 the films aren’t blockbusters and some people 1 Fabia is a personal trainer. Claire is her client.
think it’s full of amateurs 2 1 She hasn’t come to the gym because she hasn’t
had enough time, since she is very busy at
college.
2 She does fast walking on the treadmill to warm
up her muscles and get her heart rate up.
28
3 Fabia suggests that she walks up the stairs Consolidation

instead of taking the elevator, and walks part of
10 1 that she could help me paint my room the
the way to college instead of taking the bus.
4 Fabia suggests that they meet again in four following weekend
weeks to see how she’s getting along, and that 2 have split up
she registers on the gym’s website. 3 faced up to
4 must be sick
5 offered to cook dinner for (all of) us that evening
Vocabulary
3 1 slow down Reading
2 calm down
3 chill out 11 She has chatted to teenagers in different countries
4 cheers me up about what entertainment is popular with students in
5 cutting down their country.
4 1 accessible 12 1 It used to be focused on music, but now it has
2 annual science fiction and movie exhibits. Martha thinks
3 multiple it’s the best entertainment museum in the world.
4 sensible 2 She chats online, plays online games, and
5 various uploads pictures of different fashions and
5 1 unforgettable comments on them.
2 own 3 It doesn’t have Hollywood’s reputation because
3 extreme there isn’t the money to make blockbusters, and
4 anxious some people think Nollywood is full of amateurs.
5 respond / reply 4 The word in the text is “hang-out.” Martha uses it
to describe the comedy club Jet City Improv.
Practical English
Writing
6 1 think
2 be
3 suggest / recommend Day 1
4 were Students should introduce their activity – which can
5 could / should be some sort of organized class, sport, or
Grammar present perfect with recently or just. They should
use the simple past to briefly outline their first
7 1 reading
2 if we / you
3 we / you will Day 2
4 aimed Students give more details about the activity. They
5 isn’t should use the simple present to describe the
8 1 That man over there could be Geoff’s brother. reaction it produces in them and others, and how
2 Josh asked me if I could wash the dishes. they feel after they have finished a session of it.
3 Hugh admitted (that) he had taken the car They should give the positive and negative aspects
yesterday / the day before. of doing this activity, e.g. it’s great fun, but
4 What does she write about? exhausting and expensive. They should use will or
5 You haven’t finished reading the book, have might to describe anticipated future changes that
you? / You have finished reading the book, might arise as a result of doing this activity, e.g. I
haven’t you?
think I’ll be in good shape soon!
9 1 won’t go to Day 3
2 would, feel Students should describe another aspect of the
3 you will pass
4 could travel / go, would
5 hadn’t, wouldn’t have gone past. They should reflect on what they have learned
from doing this activity so far. They should also
29
reflect on the overall goal or objectives of doing this 1 heatwave

activity (e.g. it makes you fitter), and say whether 2 drizzle
they agree that continuing to do this activity could 3 Tornado
4 breeze
5 sleet
Throughout the blog, students should use, as
relevant, informal features common to blogs, e.g.
Practical English
active verb forms, first person narrative, colloquial
words, short forms, phrasal verbs. 6 1 more
2 won’t
3 second
Unit 7 4 as
5 not
Grammar
7 1 taller
Listening 2 more beautiful
1 C 3 busiest
4 best
2 1 (Chicago O’Hare) airport
5 worst
2 happy / not angry / relaxed
3 more hot weather 8 1 Will cars have disappeared by 2050?
4 3–2 2 Will you be sunbathing on the beach this time
next week?
3 The next train to New York City leaves at 4:00.
Vocabulary
4 I’m just about to start my new job.
3 1 frost 5 Andy is likely to pass the test.
2 hailstorm 9 1 won’t have finished
3 gale
2 are going
4 mist
3 isn’t going to
5 hurricane
4 arrives
4 1 over 5 will / ’ll clean
2 back
3 up Cumulative Review
4 on
5 off 10 1 a
2 d
5
3 c
T B R E E Z E R 4 a
H O D S T Q T T 5 c
E U R G L W Y Y
Reading
A J I N X E U E 11 in basic, non-branded packaging
T F Z D A R E W 12 1 Playing them could create kinetic energy that
W D Z W X D H T could generate energy for home devices.
2 Dreams will be projected onto TV screens for
A S L E X T O G people to watch.
3 Because scientists have been working on this
V A E R Y Y D Y
idea for decades and haven’t been successful.
E P A N S L I X 4 Children, because the advertising will be
broadcast at times when they aren’t likely to be
watching / listening.
30
Writing Vocabulary
13 Suggested answer: 3 1 D
Paragraph 1 2 F
Students should start with Dear Editor. They should 3 B
formally state why they are writing and the objective 4 E
5 A
of the e-mail – to make their views known publically
in the newspaper. 4 1 bronze
Paragraph 2 2 tackled
3 runner-up
Students should use sequencing words or
4 sleet
expressions (e.g., First, First of all) to introduce the
5 frost
first reason why they agree or disagree with the
5 1 saw, off
headline. They should outline an advantage or
2 drizzle
disadvantage to one of the aspects of the news
3 stopped over
story. 4 breeze
Paragraph 3 5 hailstorm
Using other sequencing words or expressions (e.g.
Next), students should offer evidence to support Practical English
their point of view.
6 1 more
Paragraph 4
2 won’t
Students conclude by drawing on their own
3 second
experience to support their final argument. They 4 as
should suggest either that some form of action is 5 not
taken, or simply that their comments and opinions
are taken into consideration. They should end the Grammar
e-mail appropriately.
7 1 taller than
Throughout the letter, students should use formal,
2 more beautiful than
polite language, avoiding short forms. Points should
3 the busiest
be awarded based on the persuasiveness of 4 the best
students’ arguments, as well as their accurate use 5 the worst
of grammar, syntax, and vocabulary. 8 1 Will cars have disappeared by 2050?
2 Will you be sunbathing on the beach this time
Unit 7 next week?
3 The next train to New York City leaves at 4:00.
4 I’m just about to start a / my new job.
5 Andy is likely to pass the test.
9 1 won’t have finished
2 are going (to go)
Listening 3 isn’t going to
1 Because of a computer / software problem, the 4 arrives
technology needed to give instructions to the planes 5 will / ’ll clean
as they land and take off isn’t working.
2 1 Florida, fifteen Cumulative Review
2 the airport staff / the people who work at the
10 1 take off
airport
2 have been
3 wind
3 will be
4 2009, 7,000
4 worse
5 electricity, bad weather / blackouts / blizzards
5 leg
31
Reading Unit 7
11 Paragraph 1, Gaming
Paragraph 3, Working with our brain
12 1 positive / beneficial, healthier / fitter, (alternative)
energy
2 be banned / controlled, basic / plain / unbranded Listening
packaging, children 1 Chicago / O’Hare Airport has been closed and all
3 AI / artificial intelligence / robots, dreams /
flights have been canceled because of a
thoughts, a TV screen / TV
computer / software problem. The technology
which gives instructions to the planes as they
Writing
land and take off isn’t working.
13 Suggested answer: 2 1 Alice is positive / relaxed / patient. Maria feels
Paragraph 1 tired and frustrated because she has waited for
Students should start with Dear Editor. They should over 48 hours at the airport with a six-month-old
formally state why they are writing and the objective baby.
of the e-mail – to make their views known publically 2 Around 2,000 homes were destroyed and more
in the newspaper. than 7,000 people were made homeless.
Paragraph 2 3 A blizzard has resulted in 200 homes being
Students should use sequencing words or without electricity. The situation is going to last
expressions (e.g. First, First of all) to introduce the for a few days.
first reason why they agree or disagree with the 4 Murray lost his tennis match. The Boston Bruins
won the hockey game.
story. Vocabulary
Paragraph 3 3 1 rush hour
Using other sequencing words or expressions (e.g. 2 pedal
Next), students should offer evidence to support 3 pedestrian
their point of view. 4 commuting
5 fare
Paragraph 4
Students conclude by drawing on their own 4 1 across
experience to support their final argument. They 2 get
3 set
should suggest either that some form of action is
4 see me
taken, or simply that their comments and opinions
5 got
are taken into consideration. They should end the
5 1 gale
e-mail appropriately.
2 drizzle
3 sleet
polite language, avoiding short forms. Points should 4 breeze
be awarded based on the persuasiveness of 5 hailstorm
students’ arguments, as well as their accurate use
of grammar, syntax, and vocabulary. Practical English
6 1 more
2 won’t
3 second
4 as
5 not only
32
Grammar products are presented. They will be sold in

basic, non-branded packaging.
7 1 This is the best paella I’ve ever had. It’s
3 If you were paralyzed and wore a bodysuit, you
delicious! could use your thoughts to control it, allowing
2 At 2,717 feet, the Burj Khalifa is taller than the you to walk again.
One World Trade Center, which is 1,776 feet. 4 It could become useful because the images from
3 My dad said that Verity’s painting and my our dreams could be projected onto a TV screen.
painting are equally good. They’re as good as We could watch them and try to understand
each other. them so we could solve problems in our
4 Today is the busiest shopping day of the year. everyday lives.
5 It wasn’t the worst hurricane ever to hit the city.
That was probably Hurricane Katrina in 2005.
Writing
8 1 Will cars have disappeared by 2050? future
perfect
2 Will you be sunbathing on the beach this time Paragraph 1
next week? future continuous Students should start with Dear Editor. They should
3 The next train to New York City leaves at 4:00. formally state why they are writing and the objective
simple present of the e-mail – to make their views known publically
4 I’m / I’ll be just about to start a / my new job. be in the newspaper.
just about to + base form Paragraph 2
5 It isn’t going to rain. There aren’t any clouds. be
going to
9 1 won’t have finished first reason why they agree or disagree with the
2 are going
3 isn’t going to / won’t
4 leaves / departs
5 will / ’ll clean story.
Paragraph 3
Using other sequencing words or expressions (e.g.
Cumulative Review
Next), students should offer evidence to support
10 1 take off their point of view.
2 have been
Paragraph 4
3 will, be
4 worse
5 breaking experience to support their final argument. They
should suggest either that some form of action is
Reading taken, or simply that their comments and opinions
are taken into consideration by the relevant people
11 Haden thinks they are ridiculous. He thinks this
or institutions. They should end the e-mail
because the development of even a very basic sort
appropriately.
of artificial intelligence has proved very difficult, so it
won’t be possible to create robots that can think for Throughout the letter, students should use formal,
themselves, like humans do. polite language (avoiding short forms). Points
should be awarded based on the persuasiveness of
12 1 By using kinetic energy to play video games, we
students’ arguments as well as their accurate use of
could charge devices in our home and therefore
grammar, syntax, and vocabulary.
not use other forms of energy that are damaging
to the environment. By playing video games with
the structure of proteins, we could help scientists
find a cure for cancer.
2 Some products that are bad for us won’t be
advertised anymore, or the advertising will be
restricted so that children aren’t the main
audience. Governments will control how these
33
Unit 8 10 When everything is ready, serve the pasta and

sauce with some parmesan cheese.
Grammar
7 1 where
Listening 2 who
3 whose
1 the part of the brain that stores long-term memory 4 who
2 1 (about) ten years 5 which
2 advertising industry / shopping industry 8 1 The trip to the museum was so good that we
3 (fresh baking) bread want to go back.
4 in a car accident 2 Bungee jumping was such an amazing
experience that I want to do it again!
Vocabulary 3 Is compassion a uniquely human quality?
4 Whales use sounds to communicate their
3 1 D
feelings to each other.
2 E
5 That cafe does not have Wi-Fi.
3 B
4 A 9 1 anyone
5 C 2 The
3 its
4 Across
4 another
2 aggression
5 the one
4 sympathy
Down
1 friendship Cumulative Review
2 apprehension 10 1 b
3 joy 2 c
5 1 take 3 b
2 has 4 a
3 take 5 c
4 took
5 had Reading
11 C
Practical English
12 1 Emotions that we feel, and emotions that we
6 1 Before you begin, make sure you have all the
understand but don’t directly feel.
ingredients you need. 2 because it disrupts your concentration
2 Start by chopping up the onions and garlic. 3 they are gentle and creative
3 After they’re chopped, you should heat the olive 4 to help people improve their mental and physical
oil in a pan. health
4 When you’ve done that, add the onions and
garlic, and let them fry for a few minutes.
5 The next step is to fry the meat along with the Writing
onions and garlic. 13 Suggested answer:
6 Then, as the onions, garlic, and meat are Paragraph 1
cooking, add the tomatoes to make a sauce. Students should introduce the place they have
7 The last step is to add salt, pepper, and herbs to
chosen, say how they heard about it, and why it
the sauce.
8 After you have added the herbs and seasoning, interested them enough to go there. They should
leave the sauce to cook for 40 minutes. say where it is, when they went, and who they went
9 While the sauce is cooking, boil the water for the with, using the simple past and any other past
pasta and cook for twelve minutes. tenses, as appropriate.
34
Paragraph 2 5 1 compassion
Students should describe what they liked about the 2 intelligent
place and their favorite thing about it. They could 3 magnificent
use idioms taught in Unit 8, such as take your mind 4 Primitive
off, take your breath away, and have a ball, as 5 friendship
appropriate.
Students should outline the things about the place 6 1 make
that they did not like, and explain why. They should 2 chopping
use expressions for giving reasons, such as 3 should
because of, as a result of, and due to to explain the 4 When
causes of the things they did not like. They should 5 last
suggest a possible solution to these problems.
Paragraph 4 Grammar
Students conclude by adding any extra information 7 1 where
or recommendations, based on their experience, 2 who
that could be useful to the people who run the place 3 whose
they have talked about, e.g. It was such a great 4 when
restaurant that I’ve recommended it to all my 5 which
friends. 8 1 Manchester, which is in the northwest of
England, is twinned with Córdoba in southern
Unit 8 Spain.
2 That’s the singer who won The X Factor.
3 That’s the house where we used to live.
4 I know a cafe which has good coffee.
5 This is the restaurant where we had a terrible
meal (last week).
Listening 9 1 anyone
1 B 2 The
3 its
2 1 positive / strong emotions, decisions, behavior
4 another
2 The smell of (fresh) bread
5 the one
3 more
4 fear / apprehension / when people are scared
5 chef, a car accident Cumulative Review
10 1 where
Vocabulary 2 better
3 breeze
3 1 D
4 breath
2 E 5 found
3 –
4 B
5 C Reading
6 A 11 1 B
4 1 herd 2 D
2 pack 3 F
3 troop 4 A
4 pride
5 flock
35
12 1 worrying Unit 8
2 the limbic area
3 feel sad
4 reduce / damage / be bad for
5 more efficient
6 better reading, writing and vocabulary / language
Listening
Writing 1 the effect smells have on our minds and bodies,
educate the public about how smell affects our
decisions and behavior
Paragraph 1
2 1 She mentions that whenever she smells fresh
Students should introduce the place they have
bread, she remembers her mom’s kitchen when
chosen, say how they heard about it, and why it she was a child.
interested them enough to go there. They should 2 The clubbers danced more and had a better time
say where it is, when they went, and who they went when there were nice smells in the air.
with, using the simple past and any other past 3 We can smell the fear in their sweat /
tenses, as appropriate. perspiration.
Paragraph 2 4 When she felt depressed, she couldn’t smell, but
Students should describe what they liked about the when she felt happy, her sense of smell began
to return.
place and their favorite thing about it. They could
use idioms taught in Unit 8, such as take your mind
off, take your breath away, and have a ball, as
Vocabulary
appropriate. 3 1 prides
Paragraph 3 2 herds
Students should outline the things about the place 3 flocks
that they did not like, and explain why. They should 4 troop
5 pods
use expressions for giving reasons, such as
because of, as a result of, and due to to explain the 4 1 primitive
causes of the things they did not like. They should 2 mouth-watering
3 complex / complicated
4 peculiar
Paragraph 4 5 magnificent
Students conclude by adding any extra information
5 1 Apprehension
or recommendations, based on their experience,
2 intelligence
that could be useful to the people who run the place 3 life-sized
they have talked about, e.g. It was such a great 4 savory
restaurant that I’ve recommended it to all my 5 friendship
friends.
Practical English
6 1 make
2 Start (by)
3 should / can
4 After / Once
5 last / final
36
Grammar
7 1 The movie, which Angelina Jolie directed, is Writing
released on Saturday. / The movie, directed by 13 Suggested answer:
Angelina Jolie, is released on Saturday. Paragraph 1
2 Samira, who is in my class, won the singing Students should introduce the place they have
competition. / Samira, who won the singing chosen, say how they heard about it, and why it
competition, is in my class.
interested them enough to go there. They should
3 Alfie is the boy whose dad is an actor.
say where it is, when they went, and who they went
4 Mr. Jones, who teaches English at my school, is
from Australia. / Mr. Jones, who is from with, using the simple past and any other past
Australia, teaches English at my school. tenses as appropriate.
5 Los Angeles, which is the second-biggest city in Paragraph 2
the U.S., is where Sam lives. Students should describe what they liked about the
8 1 that I bought last year place and their favorite thing about it. They could
2 which they got use idioms taught in Unit 8, such as take your mind
3 introduce another cat off, take your breath away, and have a ball, as
4 was so amazing that appropriate.
5 such joy (when she got the job) that Paragraph 3
9 1 which Students should outline the things about the place
2 a that they did not like, and explain why. They should
3 The use expressions for giving reasons, such as
4 their because of, as a result of, and due to to explain the
5 another
causes of the things they did not like. They should
Cumulative Review Paragraph 4
10 1 where Students conclude by adding any extra information
2 better / nicer / sunnier or recommendations, based on their experience,
3 breeze that could be useful to the people who run the place
4 breath they have talked about, e.g. It was such a great
5 found
restaurant that I’ve recommended it to all my
friends.
Reading
11 If we learn to play a musical instrument, this can Unit 9
help us with our language skills.
12 1 Music can take your mind off your worries and it
can cheer you up.
2 You can deduce their personality. You could
deduce that they have high self-esteem and are
Listening
hardworking.
3 It makes them perform better because listening 1 B
to music distracts the brain from recognizing that 2 1 F
the body is getting tired.
2 F
4 Music therapy involves listening to music, talking
3 DS
about it, moving to it, and making your own
4 T
music. Its purpose is to improve mental and
5 T
physical health.
6 T
7 T
8 F
37
Vocabulary Reading
3 1 c 11 He hadn’t realized that he would spend most of his
2 b summer planning his classes.
3 a
12 1 She needs to get a summer job and some
4 1 repetitive experience to find out what she needs to
2 varied concentrate on.
3 motivating 2 He suggests she get a job as a volunteer
4 rewarding assistant in journalism.
5 determined 3 He wishes had gotten his teaching certificate
6 academic sooner.
7 challenging 4 She worked as a teaching assistant in Ghana for
5 1 reference three weeks.
2 interview
3 experience Writing
4 résumé
5 qualifications 13 Suggested answer:
Paragraph 1
Practical English Students should introduce the place they went to,
say when they went, what organization they went
6 1 c
2 b with, and why they wanted to go.
3 a Paragraph 2
4 b Students should describe the job they did, whether
5 b they liked it, whether there were extra tasks, and
what they learned.
Grammar Paragraph 3
7 1 had applied Students should describe the weekend activities
2 hadn’t been wearing they took part in, describing one particularly
3 had been sitting amusing day in detail.
4 hadn’t spent Paragraph 4
5 had learned Students conclude by considering what they learned
8 1 The company had advertised the position on the from their experience: its benefits, whether it
Internet. changed them in any way, and how it affected their
2 A summer job can’t have been very challenging. vision of the future.
3 Ella hadn’t been working with animals for long.
4 She may have made a terrible mistake.
Unit 9
5 Esteban had finished his presentation within
20 minutes.
9 1 had, started
2 had been thinking
3 must have gotten
4 had been waiting Listening
5 can’t have passed 1 A L
B A
Cumulative Review 2 1 studied
10 1 qualifications 2 had never worked
2 had been following 3 swimming coach
3 can’t have been 4 given up the whole idea
4 determined 5 media studies
5 in 6 succeed
38
Vocabulary
3 1 atmosphere Cumulative Review
2 surface 10 1 qualifications
3 launch 2 watching
4 mission 3 can’t
5 orbit 4 determined
4 1 academic 5 in
2 qualifications
3 rewarding Reading
4 specialize
5 repetitive 11 She feels confused and stressed.
5 1 prepare 12 1 a summer job

2 concentrate 2 he’s ever done, he had done it
3 determined 3 challenging / a lot of fun, rewarding
4 motivating 4 might get a position as a volunteer
5 benefit
Writing
6 1 check Paragraph 1
2 otherwise Students should introduce the place they went to,
3 sure say when they went, what organization they went
4 Don’t with, and why they wanted to go.
5 always
Paragraph 2
Students should describe the job they did, whether
Grammar they liked it, whether there were extra tasks, and
7 1 Esme had applied for twelve jobs before she got what they learned.
one. Paragraph 3
2 Chuck had not been wearing protective clothes Students should describe the weekend activities
when he had the accident. they took part in, describing one particularly
3 They had been wearing their pajamas all day. amusing day in detail.
4 I hadn’t spent long enough preparing my
Paragraph 4
resume.
5 They had learned a lot during their time in Students conclude by considering what they learned
college. from their experience: its benefits, whether it
changed them in any way, and how it affected their
8 1 hadn’t brought
2 had, been waiting vision of the future.
3 had finished
4 had been preparing Unit 9
5 had completed
9 1 had, started
2 had been thinking
3 must have gotten
4 had been waiting
Listening
5 can’t have passed
1 They are talking about working at Island Summer
Camp. Working with young people is challenging
but rewarding.
39
2 1 sports science 9 1 had, started / begun

2 that you have to participate in everything 2 had been thinking
3 doing a show with the music club 3 must have gotten
4 She thinks it can provide opportunities to get 4 had been waiting
work experience which can help in your future 5 can’t have passed / must have failed
career.
Cumulative Review
Vocabulary
10 1 will be playing
3 1 atmosphere 2 such a good vacation / time that
2 surface 3 must have left/forgotten
3 launch 4 prepare for
4 mission 5 wanted to specialize
5 orbit
4 1 challenging Reading
2 repetitive
11 guy95, journalist
3 rewarding
4 realistic 12 1 There’s a lot of work involved, as the evenings
5 varied are spent grading papers and the summers are
5 1 participating / taking part spent planning classes. It can also be stressful,
2 apply especially at test time.
3 specialize 2 She made some life-long friendships and it
4 succeeded helped her get her current job.
5 benefit 3 Knowing a foreign language would give jasmin94
an advantage. kat101uses the phrase “the edge”
to express this.
Practical English
4 He thinks she should specialize in travel
6 1 check / find out journalism because she likes to travel and she
2 if you don’t (do that), / otherwise / or has good writing skills.
3 sure
4 Don’t / Never Writing
5 If you don’t (do that), / Otherwise / Or
13 Suggested answer
Grammar Paragraph 1
Students should introduce the place they went to,
7 1 Esme had applied for twelve jobs before she
say when they went, what organization they went
was offered one.
with, and why they wanted to go.
2 Chuck hadn’t been wearing protective clothing
when he had the accident. Paragraph 2
3 The server cleaned the tables where people had Students should describe the job they did, whether
been sitting. they liked it, whether there were extra tasks, and
4 I hadn’t spent long enough preparing my what they learned.
resume. Paragraph 3
5 They had learned a lot during their time at Students should describe the weekend activities
college.
they took part in, describing one particularly
8 1 must have been amusing day in detail.
2 must have forgotten Paragraph 4
3 can’t have seen
Students conclude by considering what they learned
4 might / may have gone
from their experience: its benefits, whether it
5 might / may be
changed them in any way, and how it affected their
vision of the future.
40
Cumulative test 3 7 Once you’ve assembled the frame, slide the

bottom shelf in and screw it in with a
screwdriver.
8 The next thing to do is to add the other shelves.
9 Once the shelves are in place, use the remaining
screws to attach them to the frame.
Listening 10 The last step is to check everything is secure
and fits correctly.
1 1 D
2 C
3 B Grammar
4 A 7 1 moving
2 1 T 2 analyses
2 F 3 will
3 F 4 who
4 DS 5 had left
5 DS 8 1 The next train to Boston leaves at 1 p.m.
6 T 2 The journalist who interviewed me wrote a nice
article about my store.
Vocabulary 3 What are you going to do after school?
4 The movie must have already started.
3
5 Are you traveling to Toronto tomorrow?
Weather nouns Abstract nouns
mist aggression 9 1 worked
shower bravery 2 will have been waiting
joy 3 Will, disappear
4 is going to
4 Across 5 has gone
2 frost
3 challenging
4 friendship
Consolidation
5 consistent 10 1 b
Down 2 c
1 compassion 3 d
5 1 cared 4 b
2 effective 5 d
3 Take
4 affection Reading
5 came across
11 1 C
2 A
Practical English 3 B
6 1 Before you begin assembling the bookshelf, 12 1 using a variety of devices: cell phones, tablets,
make sure you have read these instructions. laptops, and computers
2 Start by looking at the diagram on page 2 and 2 through simulated environments; sight, hearing,
checking that you have everything you need. touch, and smell
3 Then put the diagram on the ground near you so 3 through forums and webinars
you can check it as you work. 4 visual, listening, writing, movement, and touch
4 The best way to begin is to assemble the frame
first.
5 First, slot the bottom part of the frame together.
6 After that, attach the body of the frame to the
bottom.
41
2 1 adventure vacations for young people

Writing 2 didn’t think
3 coaching, (great) experience
4 read printed books as well as e-books / enjoy the
Paragraph 1
old-fashioned way of reading
Students should start with Dear Editor. They should
formally state why they are writing and the objective
Vocabulary
of the e-mail – to make their views known publically
in the newspaper. 3 1 mist
Paragraph 2 2 aggression
3 shower
4 joy
5 bravery
first reason why they agree or disagree with the
headline. They should outline an advantage or Weather nouns Abstract nouns
disadvantage to one of the aspects of the news mist aggression
shower joy
story.
bravery
Paragraph 3
Using other sequencing words or expressions (e.g. 4 1 C
Next), students should offer evidence to support 2 E
3 A
4 B
Paragraph 4 5 F
5 1 specializing
experience to support their final argument. They
2 pedaling
should suggest either that some form of action is 3 sped
taken or simply that their comments and opinions 4 looking
are taken into consideration by the relevant people 5 had
appropriately. Practical English
6 1 Before
polite language (avoiding short forms). Points
2 Start
should be awarded based on the persuasiveness of 3 best
students’ arguments, as well as their accurate use 4 slide
of grammar, syntax, and vocabulary. 5 add
Where appropriate, students should incorporate any
relevant vocabulary from Units 7–9, e.g. phrasal Grammar
verbs for travel, and summer job verbs.
7 1 will be
2 going / planning, about / on
Cumulative test 3 3 which is
4 that, had
5 had
8 1 The next train for / to Boston leaves at 1 p.m.
2 (By) this time next year, we will be living in
Listening Germany.
3 By next month, I will have finished my course.
1 the school subjects they were good at, advice for 4 I hadn’t been to Australia before.
people wanting to go to college 5 Are you traveling to Toronto tomorrow?
42
9 1 had been watching or institutions. They should end the e-mail

2 will have been waiting appropriately.
3 Will, disappear / have disappeared Throughout the letter, students should use formal,
4 going to volunteer polite language (avoiding short forms). Points
5 won’t have finished should be awarded based on the persuasiveness of
students’ arguments, as well as their accurate use
Consolidation of grammar, syntax, and vocabulary.
10 1 everyone Where appropriate, students should incorporate any
2 which relevant vocabulary from Units 7–9, e.g. phrasal
3 across verbs for travel, and summer job verbs.
4 abilities
5 their
Cumulative test 3
Reading
11 1 F
2 C
3 D Listening
4 A
1 1 travel company specializing in adventure
12 1 (easily) accessible / available
vacations
2 virtual envirsensonments
3 predicts / believes, less 2 cake store
4 interacting / having face-to-face contact 3 sports coaching business
4 bookstore with a cafe
5 learning styles
2 1 Gareth has always wanted to travel.
Writing 2 When Bianca’s (good) friend asked her why she
couldn’t open a cake store, she couldn’t think of
13 Suggested answer: a reason, so she decided to get some work
Paragraph 1 experience.
Students should start with Dear Editor. They should 3 His manager set him some realistic goals and
formally state why they are writing, and the persuaded him to stay.
objective of the e-mail – to make their views known 4 It’s challenging because technology is changing
the way people read, and it can be hard to
publically in the newspaper.
encourage people to buy printed books.
Paragraph 2
Vocabulary
expressions (e.g. First, First of all) to introduce the
first reason why they agree or disagree with the 3 1 savory
headline. They should outline an advantage or 2 participate
disadvantage to one of the aspects of the news 3 aggression
4 heatwave
story.
5 bravery
Paragraph 3
Using other sequencing words or expressions (e.g. 4 1 finish / finish(ing) line
2 aromatic
Next), students should offer evidence to support
3 runner-up
4 inedible
Paragraph 4 5 substitute
5 1 pedaling
experience to support their final argument. They
2 sped
should suggest either that some form of action is 3 had
taken, or simply that their comments and opinions 4 look
are taken into consideration by the relevant people 5 idea
43
Practical English 3 It describes watching lectures or short videos

online at your own pace and then asking
6 1 Before
questions about them later in class, through a
2 Start / Begin forum, or by e-mailing the teacher.
3 best 4 The idiom is “take something for granted.” It
4 Once / When / After means that students expect that they can use
5 next thing technological devices to find any information
they want.
Grammar
7 1 This time tomorrow, we will be moving into our Writing
new apartment. 13 Suggested answer:
2 What / Which subject are you going to write Paragraph 1
about?
Students should start with Dear Editor. They should
3 Cinnamon, which is an aromatic spice, originates
formally state why they are writing and the objective
from Asia.
4 Pernille, who is my classmate, is from Denmark. of the e-mail – to make their views known publically
5 Julie admitted that she had taken the money. in the newspaper.
8 1 who Paragraph 2
2 While / When Students should use sequencing words or
3 to expressions (e.g., First, First of all) to introduce the
4 which first reason why they agree or disagree with the
5 their headline. They should outline an advantage or
9 1 had been watching, simple past disadvantage to one of the aspects of the news
2 will have been waiting, future perfect continuous story.
3 Will, disappear / have disappeared, will future / Paragraph 3
future perfect Using other sequencing words or expressions (e.g.
4 going to volunteer, be going to Next), students should offer evidence to support
5 won’t have finished, future perfect
Paragraph 4
Consolidation Students conclude by drawing on their own
10 1 leaves at 1 p.m. experience to support their final argument. They
2 has an open mind / is open to new ideas and should suggest either that some form of action is
experiences taken, or simply that their comments and opinions
3 By (the end of) next month, I will have finished are taken into consideration by the relevant people
4 take note
5 you traveling to
appropriately.
Reading
polite language (avoiding short forms). Points
11 Online learning can be difficult because of isolation should be awarded based on the persuasiveness of
and the lack of face-to-face contact. This can be students’ arguments, as well as their accurate use
tackled by video calls and real-world meetings. of grammar, syntax, and vocabulary.
12 1 They mean that it is accessible to anyone, Where appropriate, students should incorporate any
anywhere. People who don’t have access to the relevant vocabulary from Units 7–9, e.g. phrasal
Internet might not be able to benefit from these verbs for travel, and summer job verbs.
new ways of learning.
2 There will be less face-to-face contact and more
contact via e-mail, forums, video calls, and
webinars. The teacher will be a facilitator, a
source of help in the background.
44
End-of-year
Grammar
7 1 The Nile is said to be the longest river in the
world.
2 Evie is just about to leave for school.
Listening 3 Who reads this newspaper?
4 Cut the lemons into halves.
1 The Theory of Everything 5 One of my favorite sports is basketball.
2 1 B 8 1 Lauren admitted that she hadn’t studied for the
2 A
test.
3 A
2 Helen asked if I could pick her up from the
4 B
airport.
3 Who had he been talking to?
Vocabulary 4 If I had enough money, I would buy that coat.
3 5 If I hadn’t rushed out of the house this morning, I
wouldn’t have forgotten my phone. / I wouldn’t
Travel Reporting Functions have forgotten my phone if I hadn’t rushed out of
get away admit burn the house this morning.
see off deny crash 9 1 are used
stop over insist repair 2 weren’t studying
turn back 3 have you been doing
4 will have traveled
4 1 sympathetic 5 Was, opened
2 politeness
3 consumer Consolidation
4 chemical
10 1 c
5 affection
2 c
5 1 repetitive 3 d
2 varied 4 d
3 bookmarked 5 c
4 intelligence
5 comments Reading
11 Edinburgh Festival Fringe, Sunburn Festival
Practical English
12 1 The festivals take place in California, Edinburgh,
6 1 My passion is sports, / Sports is my passion, so
and Goa. This may be a problem because it
being a swimming instructor really appeals to
could be expensive to get there.
me.
2 Coachella, Edinburgh Festival Fringe
2 I’ve done some coaching.
3 once a year over two weekends in April
3 I consider myself to be hardworking and
4 the number of shows and the number of venues
dedicated / dedicated and hardworking.
at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe
4 Yes, I’ve picked up some really valuable work
experience recently.
5 I now know what I want to concentrate on in the Writing
future. 13 Suggested answer:
Paragraph 1
them how they are and what they have been doing,
accurately using the present perfect continuous.
45
Paragraph 2 Travel Reporting Functions

Use of the simple past and present perfect to give get away admit burn
further details about the activity, including when and stop over deny repair
where it took place, what it involved, and whether it see off insist crash
has been a success. turn back
Paragraph 3 4 1 –
Students should offer a personal reflection about 2 D
how the experience has changed their outlook or 3 A
opinion, using some of the suggested expressions. 4 E
Paragraph 4 5 B
Students end the e-mail by giving a plausible 6 C
reason why they have to go, and signing off 5 1 zoomed
appropriately. 2 substitute
Note that students should use informal linking 3 Currently
4 intelligent
expressions such as so, basically, I mean, and
5 comments
and / or introduce a result. When describing their
Practical English
activity, students should ideally incorporate some
core vocabulary from one or more of the following 6 1 appeals
units: Unit 2 (shopping), Unit 3 (technology), Unit 4 2 done
(health and well-being), Unit 7 (travel), and Unit 9 3 consider
4 experience
(success). They are also free to use other
5 focus
vocabulary, as appropriate.
Grammar
End-of-year
7 1 the longest
2 about
3 Who
4 –
5 halves / pieces
Listening 8 1 Lauren admitted that she hadn’t studied for the
1 The Theory of Everything, she gave up because it test.
was too difficult 2 Helen asked if I could pick her up from the
station tomorrow / the next day.
2 1 promotional pamphlets
3 If I had had enough money, I would have bought
2 costumes that coat.
3 music, acting / performing 4 Will you be waiting for her when she arrives?
4 sing, write songs, guitar 5 Have you finished reading that book yet?
5 scriptwriter
9 1 are used
2 weren’t studying
Vocabulary 3 have you been doing
3 1 get away 4 will have traveled
2 burn 5 Was, opened
3 admit
4 repair Consolidation
5 stop over
6 deny 10 1 had
7 crash 2 which
8 see off 3 friendliest
9 insist 4 etiquette
10 turn back 5 benefited
46
Reading End-of-year
11 1 F
2 C
3 E
4 A
12 1 sunscreen, plenty of water Listening
2 the Edinburgh Fringe Festival, August
3 Sunburn Festival, fabulous food 1 Lottie’s play, see Omar’s band, Saturday
2 1 She thought it was challenging to read (and she
Writing didn’t get past the first chapter).
2 She has been sending out promotional
pamphlets / hosting a blog / uploading pictures
Paragraph 1 to her blog.
Students greet their friend appropriately and ask 3 He sings / writes the songs / plays the guitar.
them how they are and what they have been doing, 4 He carries a pen and paper in case he gets
accurately using the present perfect continuous. inspiration for a song.
Paragraph 2
Use of the simple past and present perfect to give Vocabulary
further details about the activity, including when and 3 1 commuting
where it took place, what it involved, and whether it 2 rush hour
has been a success. 3 get away
Paragraph 3 4 set off
Students should offer a personal reflection about 5 transportation
how the experience has changed their outlook or 4 1 frame
opinion. 2 bronze
Paragraph 4 3 interview
Students end the e-mail by giving a plausible 4 upbringing
reason why they have to go, and signing off 5 set
appropriately. 5 1 zoomed
Note that students should use informal linking 2 substitute
expressions such as so, basically, I mean, and 3 potential
4 feeling
5 comment
and / or introduce a result. When describing their
activity, students should ideally incorporate some
Practical English
core vocabulary from one or more of the following
units: Unit 2 (shopping), Unit 3 (technology), Unit 4 6 1 appeals
(health and well-being), Unit 7 (travel), and Unit 9 2 suitable / right
(success). They are also free to use other 3 consider
4 experience
5 focus
Grammar
7 1 She remembers going to the / an interview.
2 If I hadn’t slept late, I wouldn’t have missed the
bus.
3 Correct
4 Matt hasn’t had his hair cut yet.
5 My friend and I support each other.
47
8 1 used / accustomed Paragraph 3

2 had Students should offer a personal reflection about
3 which how the experience has changed their outlook or
4 While opinion.
5 it is Paragraph 4
9 1 used, simple present passive Students end the e-mail by giving a plausible
2 weren’t studying, past continuous reason why they have to go, and signing off
3 have you been doing, present perfect continuous appropriately.
4 will have traveled, future perfect Note that students should use informal linking
5 Was, opened, simple past passive
expressions such as so, basically, I mean, and
Consolidation and / or introduce a result. When describing their
10 1 make the most of it / this career opportunity activity, students should ideally incorporate some
2 is believed that core vocabulary from one or more of the following
3 is a (much) better tennis player than units: Unit 2 (shopping), Unit 3 (technology), Unit 4
4 takes my mind off (health and well-being), Unit 7 (travel), and Unit 9
5 must be / has to be Mr. Harrison’s car
(success). They are also free to use other
Reading
11 The Edinburgh Festival Fringe is the biggest. It is
different because there is a huge variety of
performances across the city.
12 1 The writer says that you should be prepared, by
taking sunscreen and plenty of water. You
should also follow the rules of festival etiquette.
2 Sunburn Festival would appeal to someone like
this because it offers an exciting mix of
entertainment, good food, and a cultural vibe.
3 Anyone can perform at the Fringe. People
perform at the Fringe in order to make a good
impression on audiences and get spotted by TV
talent scouts.
4 The idiom is “not everyone’s cup of tea.” It refers
to the Coachella festival. In this context it means
that not everyone will like the activities that are
offered.
Writing
Paragraph 1
them how they are and what they have been doing,
accurately using the present perfect continuous.
Paragraph 2
further details about the activity, including when and
where it took place, what it involved, and whether it
has been a success.
48

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What are some of the activities described in the document?

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Fusion 4 Answer key: tests

Diagnostic 9 1 have taken up

Note that students should use informal linking

where it took place, what it involved, and whether it 5 1 star

3 She thought technology was about repairing Vocabulary

9 1 didn’t have, bought Paragraph 4

Grammar what they are complaining about, saying when they

Listening 9 1 had, done

backed up by the evidence and arguments they 8 1 himself

2 1 sustainable / alternative energy sources, fossil

backed up by the evidence and arguments they Grammar

Consolidation Cumulative test 1

Consolidation Cumulative test 1

5 1 cruel 3 It’s very big, with lots of sections and pathways,

10 Great. Maybe I’ll come running with you.

They should use will or might to describe Practical English

2 1 financial / banking 9 1 would, have bought, had won

Cumulative Review Throughout the blog, students should use, as

8 1 We may go to the beach if it doesn’t rain. / If it Announcement 4

4 1 amateur 12 1 Elrow in Barcelona

8 1 “I saw this TV show yesterday,” he told us.

1 A 9 1 The server asked us if we wanted to order any

12 1 There are lots of people, and the club has 2 1 B

3 Fabia suggests that she walks up the stairs Consolidation

reflect on the overall goal or objectives of doing this 1 heatwave

Grammar products are presented. They will be sold in

Unit 8 10 When everything is ready, serve the pasta and

5 1 prepare 12 1 a summer job

2 1 sports science 9 1 had, started / begun

Cumulative test 3 7 Once you’ve assembled the frame, slide the

2 1 adventure vacations for young people

9 1 had been watching or institutions. They should end the e-mail

Practical English 3 It describes watching lectures or short videos

Paragraph 2 Travel Reporting Functions

8 1 used / accustomed Paragraph 3

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