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    Teaching Approaches, Methods, and Strategies Arvind Kr. Gill, Ph.D. and Kusum, Ph. D Approach

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    Rona Cotejo
    The document discusses different teaching approaches, methods, and strategies, explaining that approaches are broader views of teaching, methods focus on presenting subject matter, and strategies determine instructional policies. Some key approaches discussed include teacher-centered, child-centered, inductive/deductive, while common methods are non-participatory like lectures and participatory like discussions. The differences between approaches, methods, and strategies are also outlined.

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    Teaching Approaches, Methods, and Strategies Arvind Kr. Gill, Ph.D. and Kusum, Ph. D Approach

    Uploaded by

    Rona Cotejo
    111 views5 pages
    The document discusses different teaching approaches, methods, and strategies, explaining that approaches are broader views of teaching, methods focus on presenting subject matter, and strategies determine instructional policies. Some key approaches discussed include teacher-centered, child-centered, inductive/deductive, while common methods are non-participatory like lectures and participatory like discussions. The differences between approaches, methods, and strategies are also outlined.

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    00001111 TEACHING APPROACHES

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    The document discusses different teaching approaches, methods, and strategies, explaining that approaches are broader views of teaching, methods focus on presenting subject matter, and strategies determine instructional policies. Some key approaches discussed include teacher-centered, child-centered, inductive/deductive, while common methods are non-participatory like lectures and participatory like discussions. The differences between approaches, methods, and strategies are also outlined.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    111 views5 pages

    Teaching Approaches, Methods, and Strategies Arvind Kr. Gill, Ph.D. and Kusum, Ph. D Approach

    Uploaded by

    Rona Cotejo
    The document discusses different teaching approaches, methods, and strategies, explaining that approaches are broader views of teaching, methods focus on presenting subject matter, and strategies determine instructional policies. Some key approaches discussed include teacher-centered, child-centered, inductive/deductive, while common methods are non-participatory like lectures and participatory like discussions. The differences between approaches, methods, and strategies are also outlined.

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    of 5

    TEACHING APPROACHES, METHODS, AND STRATEGIES

    Arvind Kr. Gill, Ph.D. and Kusum, Ph. D

    APPROACH
    Broader than method
    A set of ideas
    Overall view or ideas to face a problem
    Personal philosophy of teaching
    Can also have many methods
    Like the form or the way we teach or how we do it
    Main approaches of teaching-learning:
    1. Teacher-centered approach
    More traditional in nature
    Focuses on the teacher as instructor
    Direct instruction, deductive teaching or expository teaching
    Typified by the lecture type presentation
    Teacher controls what is to be taught and how students are presented with the information that
    they are to learn
    2. Child-centered approach
    Student centered approaches ( discovery learning, inductive learning or inquiry learning )
    Place a much stronger emphasis on the learner’s role in the learning process
    Teachers still set the learning agenda but they have much less direct control over what and how
    students learn
    3. Inductive and Deductive approach
    Inductive – specified (examples) to general (rules)
    Many examples are put forward to students and then he draws out a conclusion on the basis of
    these examples
    Deductive – general to specific
    Presents the principle or rule first then it is clarified by giving examples
    4. Herbartian Approach
    John Friedrich Herbart
    Based on appreciative mass theory of learning ( proposition of this theory is that the learner is
    like a clean slate and all the knowledge is given from outside. If new knowledge is imparted by
    linking with old knowledge of the student, it may be acquired easily and retained for a longer
    period.)
    The teaching content should be presented into units and units should arrange in a logical
    sequence.
    The emphasis is given on content presentation
    5 steps for this approach
    a. Preparation
    b. Presentation
    c. Comparison and abstraction
    d. Generalization
    e. Application
    5. Evaluation Approach or Bloom’s Approach
    B.S. Bloom
    Main emphasis was that testing should be based on teaching and both these activities should be
    objectives centers
    Today teaching is organized by using the evaluation approach
    Yearly plan and unit plan is prepared
    3 main steps
    a. Formulating Educational Objectives
    b. Creating Learning Experiences
    c. Evaluating the Change behavior
    6. RCEM Approach
    Regional College of Education Mysore
    The teaching learning situations, strategies, and aid material is properly stated
    3 steps
    Input
    Process
    Output

    METHOD
    Main focus is on effective presentation of subject matter to have mastery over it.
    Step-by-step scientific way of presenting the subject matter
    Overall plan for systematic presentation on a selected approach means method is the practical
    realization of an approach through a procedure in a system
    Refers to the procedure within an approach
    Formal structure of the sequence of acts
    Covers both strategy and techniques of teaching
    Different strategies may be adopted in following a method
    Related to the nature of content of a subject to be taught
    Two main types of teaching method
    a. Non-participatory method
    - teacher  role of being a master of the subject matter; expert or an authority
    - learners  presumed to be passive and copious recipients of knowledge from the teacher
    - examples: lecture method and demonstration method
    b. Participatory method
    - teacher and students are in constant interaction, active involvement, and continuous exchange
    of views and ideas in the overall teaching and learning
    - interactive teaching method or learner centered teaching method
    - shifts from a belief that learners are empty plate who are supposed to be imparted with
    knowledge to a belief that learners can construct knowledge and learn on their own if properly
    guided
    - designed for smaller group of participants
    - encourage better retention of learned
    -contemporary modern methods of education
    - discussion method, question-answer method, project method, problem solving method

    STRATEGY
    - in Encyclopedia, strategy is the science or art of planning or directing large military movements
    and operations. It refers to the pattern of acts that serve to attain certain outcomes.
    - if we use strategy in the teaching learning situations, then it is known as instructional strategies.
    It means the determination of some policy before presenting the content with the help of which
    teaching objectives are achieved.
    - According to E. Stones and S. Morris teaching strategy is a generalized plan for a lesson which
    includes structure, desired learner behavior in terms of goals of instruction and an outline of
    planned tactics necessary to implement the strategy.
    For Example:
    1. Blackboard is a strategy to provide visual structure during a lecture or discussion.
    2. Free writing is a strategy for encouraging students to explore ideas in writing.
    3. Debate is a teaching strategy in which students organize planned presentation for various view
    points.
    DIFFERENCE BETWEEN APPROACH, METHOD AND STRATEGIES:-
    All these have the same objectives i.e. bringing desirable changes in the behavior of learner.
    However they differ in certain aspects.
    DIFFERENCE BETWEEN APPROACH AND METHOD
    APPROACH METHOD
    MEANING It is the view of looking It is the style of presentation
    things. The procedure of or we can say practical
    realization of an approach
    teaching is called an approach
    through a procedure in a
    or the way we teach
    system
    Narrower term as compared
    SCOPE Broader term than method
    to approach.
    LOGIC No scientific logic Has scientific logic
    To realize the goals of To make effective
    education presentation of subject and
    content in classroom
    PURPOSE
    To have the memorization of
    facts and concepts
    To achieve educational
    objectives and national
    objectives
    Teacher-centered approach Play way Method
    Child-centered approach Lecture Method
    EXAMPLES
    Evaluation Approach Project Method
    Management Approach Storytelling Method

    DIFFERENCE BETWEEN STRATEFY AND METHOD


    STRATEGY METHOD

    New tern belonging to educational Old term related with pedagogy


    technology
    Firstly used in military science
    Used to create appropriate teaching Used for the effective presentation of the
    learning environment which helps the specific content of the subject which help
    students in attaining teaching learning the student to understand it
    objectives
    Its assumption is that teaching is the Its assumption is that teaching is an art
    science and quite technical in nature
    It is quite flexible in its application The steps taken in method are quite rigid
    and fixed
    The emphasis is laid over teaching The emphasis is laid over the instructional
    activities for the proper organization of steps taken for proper presentation of
    teaching learning environment subject matter
    The effectiveness of strategy is evaluated The effectiveness of instructional method
    in terms of realization of set of objectives is evaluated in terms of mastery over the
    subject matter
    The behavioral objectives and teaching The content and mode of presentation are
    condition are the two basic elements of the two main elements of teaching method
    teaching strategy
    Examples Examples
    Blackboard is a strategy to provide visual Discussion Method
    structure during a lecture or discussion Lecture Method

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