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    Biography: Franz Joseph Haydn

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    Jhona Ma Dela Bautista
    Joseph Haydn was an Austrian composer born in 1732 who was one of the most important figures in developing the classical style of music during the 18th century. He helped establish the symphony and string quartet as musical forms. Haydn demonstrated musical talent at a young age and began singing in choirs. He moved to Vienna in 1740 to serve as a chorister and spent nine years acquiring musical knowledge through performances. Haydn eventually became a court musician for the wealthy Esterházy family, where he composed and conducted music for them for nearly 30 years. In his later years, Haydn accepted commissions that took him to London, where he wrote 12 symphonies that represented the climax of his orchestr

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    Biography: Franz Joseph Haydn

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    Jhona Ma Dela Bautista
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    Joseph Haydn was an Austrian composer born in 1732 who was one of the most important figures in developing the classical style of music during the 18th century. He helped establish the symphony and string quartet as musical forms. Haydn demonstrated musical talent at a young age and began singing in choirs. He moved to Vienna in 1740 to serve as a chorister and spent nine years acquiring musical knowledge through performances. Haydn eventually became a court musician for the wealthy Esterházy family, where he composed and conducted music for them for nearly 30 years. In his later years, Haydn accepted commissions that took him to London, where he wrote 12 symphonies that represented the climax of his orchestr

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    Joseph Haydn was an Austrian composer born in 1732 who was one of the most important figures in developing the classical style of music during the 18th century. He helped establish the symphony and string quartet as musical forms. Haydn demonstrated musical talent at a young age and began singing in choirs. He moved to Vienna in 1740 to serve as a chorister and spent nine years acquiring musical knowledge through performances. Haydn eventually became a court musician for the wealthy Esterházy family, where he composed and conducted music for them for nearly 30 years. In his later years, Haydn accepted commissions that took him to London, where he wrote 12 symphonies that represented the climax of his orchestr

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    280 views3 pages

    Biography: Franz Joseph Haydn

    Uploaded by

    Jhona Ma Dela Bautista
    Joseph Haydn was an Austrian composer born in 1732 who was one of the most important figures in developing the classical style of music during the 18th century. He helped establish the symphony and string quartet as musical forms. Haydn demonstrated musical talent at a young age and began singing in choirs. He moved to Vienna in 1740 to serve as a chorister and spent nine years acquiring musical knowledge through performances. Haydn eventually became a court musician for the wealthy Esterházy family, where he composed and conducted music for them for nearly 30 years. In his later years, Haydn accepted commissions that took him to London, where he wrote 12 symphonies that represented the climax of his orchestr

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    Joseph Haydn was an influential Austrian composer during the Classical period who helped establish forms like the symphony and string quartet. He spent much of his career in the service of the aristocratic Esterházy family.

    Joseph Haydn was an Austrian composer during the Classical period. He was one of the most important figures in developing the Classical style of music in the late 18th century. He is known as the 'Father of the Symphony' and 'Father of the String Quartet' for establishing the forms and styles of these genres.

    After leaving service with the Esterházys, Haydn accepted a commission from impresario Johann Peter Salomon to conduct concerts in London, where he wrote his famous 'London Symphonies'. The trips to London proved very successful and rewarding for Haydn.

    BIography

    Joseph Haydn, in full Franz Joseph Haydn, He


    was born on March 31, 1732 in Rohrau, Austria. He
    was an Austrian composer who was one of the most
    important figures in the development of the Classical
    style in muic during the 18th century. His form have
    earned him the epithets "Father of the Symphony"
    and "Father of the String Quartet".  He helped
    establish the forms and styles for the
    string quartet and the symphony. Haydn was the
    second son of humble parents. His father Mathias
    Haydn was a wheelwright, his mother Maria
    Haydan, before her marriage, a cook for the lords of
    the village. Haydn early revealed unusual musical
    gifts, and a cousin who was a school principal and
    choirmaster in the nearby city of Hainburg offered to
    take him into his home and train him. Haydn, not yet
    six years old, left home, never to return to the parental
    cottage except for rare brief visits.

    The young Haydn sang in the church choir, learned to


    play various instruments, and obtained a good basic
    knowledge of music. But his life changed decisively
    when he was eight years old. The musical director of St.
    Stephen’s Cathedral in Vienna had observed the boy on
    a visit to

    Hainburg and invited him to serve as chorister


    at the Austrian capital’s most important
    church. Haydn’s parents accepted the offer,
    and thus in 1740 Haydn moved to Vienna. He
    stayed at the choir school for nine years,
    acquiring an enormous practical knowledge of
    music by constant performances but, to his
    disappointment, receiving little instruction in
    music theory. He had to work hard to fulfill his
    obligations as a chorister, and when his voice changed, he was expelled from both the cathedral
    choir and the choir school.Haydn at 17 year old was left to his own devices. He meanwhile
    undertook an arduous course of self-instruction through the study of musical works—notably
    those of Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach—and of leading manuals of musical theory. A fortunate
    chance brought him to the attention of the Italian composer and singing teacher Nicola Porpora,
    who accepted him as accompanist for voice lessons and corrected Haydn’s compositions. He
    was eventually introduced to the music-loving Austrian nobleman Karl Joseph von Fürnberg, in
    whose home he played chamber music. Through the recommendation of Fürnberg, in 1758
    Haydn was engaged as musical director and chamber composer for the Bohemian
    count Ferdinand Maximilian von Morzin. Haydn was put in charge of an orchestra of about 16
    musicians, and for this ensemble he wrote his first symphony as well as numerous divertimenti
    for wind band or for wind instruments and strings. Prince Pál Antal had a well-appointed
    orchestra. Haydn conducted the orchestra and coached the singers in almost daily rehearsals,
    composed most of the music required, and served as chief of the musical personnel. Haydn
    carried out his duties extremely well and revealed tact, good nature, and skill in dealing with
    people. His employment by the Esterházy family proved decisive for his career, and he
    remained in their service until his death. When Prince Miklós died in 1790, he was succeeded by
    his son, Prince Antal, who did not care for music and dismissed most of the court musicians.
    Haydn was retained,. After such a long time at the Esterházy court, however, the composer was
    eager to try a different way of life.Salomon, arrived from England and commissioned from
    Haydn 6 new symphonies and 20 smaller compositions to be conducted by the composer
    himself in a series of orchestral concerts in London sponsored by Salomon. Haydn gladly
    accepted this offer, and the two men set off for London in December 1790.

    On New Year’s Day 1791, Haydn arrived in England, and the following 18 months proved
    extremely rewarding. Charles Burney published a poem in his honour. The 12 symphonies he
    wrote on his first and second visits to London represent the climax of his orchestral output.
    Their virtuosity of instrumentation.

    The chorus “Knure, schnurre, Rädchen schnurre!” from the Winter section of Joseph
    Haydn's The Seasons, Hob. XXI:3; from a 1953 recording by the Chorus of St. Hedwig's
    Cathedral and the Berlin RIAS Symphony Orchestra conducted by Ferenc Fricsay.

    While in London in 1791, Haydn had been deeply moved by the


    performance of George Frideric Handel’s masterly oratorios.
    Deciding to compose further works in this genre, he obtained a
    suitable libretto.

    Haydn’s late creative output included six masses written for his


    patron Miklós II. Those are among the most-significant masses
    of the 18th century. He also continued to compose magnificent
    string quartets, notably the six Erdödy quartets known as Opus
    76. In 1797 Haydn gave to the Austrian nation the
    stirring song “Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser” (“God Save
    Emperor Francis”). It was used for more than a century as
    the national anthem of the Austrian monarchy and as the
    patriotic song “Deutschland, Deutschland über alles”
    (“Germany, Germany Above All Else”) in Germany, where it
    remains the national anthem as “Deutschlandlied.” The song was so beloved that Haydn
    decided to use it as a theme for variations in one of his finest string quartets, the Emperor
    Quartet (Opus 76, No. 3).

    “The Seasons  broke my back,” Haydn is reported to have said; and indeed, apart from the last
    two masses of 1801 and 1802, he undertook no more large-scale works. During the last years of
    his life, he was apparently incapable of further work. In 1809 Napoleon’s forces besieged Vienna
    and in May entered the city. Haydn refused to leave his house and take refuge in the inner city.
    Napoleon placed a guard of honour outside Haydn’s house, and the enfeebled composer was
    much touched by the visit of a French hussars’ officer who sang an aria from The Creation. On
    May 31 1809 Haydn died peacefully, and he was buried two days later.

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