Designation: B 98/B 98M – 98

Standard Specification for

Copper-Silicon Alloy Rod, Bar and Shapes1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 98/B 98M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.

1. Scope * E 62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper and

1.1 This specification2 establishes requirements for copper- Copper Alloys (Photometric Method)5
silicon rod, bar, and shapes for UNS Alloys C65100 (Low E 478 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper
Silicon Bronze B), C65500 (High Silicon Bronze A), and Alloys6
C66100. 3. General Requirements
NOTE 1—Material for hot forging is covered by Specification B 124. 3.1 The following sections of Specification B 249 or
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units or SI units are to B 249M constitute a part of this specification:
be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, SI units are 3.1.1 Terminology,
shown in brackets. The values in each system are not exact 3.1.2 Materials and Manufacture,
equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently 3.1.3 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance,
of the other. Combining values from the two systems may 3.1.4 Sampling,
result in nonconformance with the specification. 3.1.5 Number of Tests and Retests,
3.1.6 Specimen Preparation,
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.7 Test Methods,
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on date 3.1.8 Significance of Numerical Limits,
of material purchase form a part of this specification to the 3.1.9 Inspection,
extent referenced herein: 3.1.10 Rejection and Rehearing,
2.2 ASTM Standards: 3.1.11 Certification,
B 124 Specification for Copper and Copper Alloy Forging 3.1.12 Test Report (Mill),
Rod, Bar and Shapes3 3.1.13 Packaging and Package Marking, and
B 249 Specification for General Requirements for Wrought 3.1.14 Supplemental Requirements.
Copper and Copper-Alloy Rod, Bar, Shapes and Forgings3 3.2 In addition, when a section with a title identical to one
B 249M Specification for General Requirements for of those referenced in 3.1 appears in this specification, it
Wrought Copper and Copper-Alloy Rod, Bar, Shapes and contains additional requirements that supplement those which
Forgings [Metric]3 appear in Specification B 249 or B 249M.
B 601 Practice for Temper Designations for Copper and
Copper Alloys—Wrought and Cast3 4. Ordering Information
E 8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials4 4.1 Orders for product under this specification should in-
E 8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Mate- clude the following information:
rials [Metric]4 4.1.1 ASTM Designation and year of issue,
E 18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell 4.1.2 Copper Alloy UNS No. designation,
Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials4 4.1.3 Temper designation,
E 54 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Special 4.1.4 Quantity; total weight or length, or number of pieces
Brasses and Bronzes5 of each temper, form, or alloy,
4.1.5 Dimensions; diameter or distance between parallel
1
surfaces,
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B-5 on Copper
and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.02 on Rod,
4.1.6 Type of edge; edge contours,
Bar, Wire, Shapes, and Forgings. 4.1.7 How furnished; specific lengths with or without ends,
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1998. Published January 1999. Originally and
published as B 98 – 34T. Last previous edition B 98 – 97. 4.1.8 When material is purchased for agencies of the U.S.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-
cation SB-98 in Section II of that code.
Government (see Specifications B 249 or B 249M).
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.01.
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
5 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.06.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.

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 B 98/B 98M
4.2 The following options are available under this specifi- distance between parallel surfaces shall conform with the
cation and should be specified in the contract or purchase order requirements given in Table 3, when tested in accordance with
when required: Test Methods E 18 or B 249M.
4.2.1 Certification (Specifications B 249 or B 249M), and 8.1.1.1 For the alloys and tempers listed in Table 3, Rock-
4.2.2 Mill Test Report (Specifications B 249 or B 249M). well hardness shall be the basis of acceptance or rejection for
mechanical properties except when the tensile test is specified
5. Material and Manufacture in the contract or purchase order.
5.1 The starting material shall be cast billets or rods of 8.1.2 Tensile Strength— The product shall conform with the
Copper Alloy UNS Numbers C65100, C65500, or C66100, and requirements of Table 2 when tested in accordance with Test
shall be of such soundness and structure as to enable them to Methods E 8 or B 249M.
be processed into the product specified in the contract or
purchase order. 9. Dimensions, Mass and Permissible Variations
5.2 The product shall be manufactured by such hot- 9.1 Refer to the appropriate paragraphs in Specification
working, cold-working, straightening, and annealing process- B 249/B 249M with particular reference to the following
ing as to produce a uniform wrought structure and obtain the tables:
required finish properties. 9.2 Diameter or Distance Between Parallel Surfaces:
9.2.1 Rod: Round, Hexagonal, Octagonal—Refer to Table 1
6. Chemical Composition for Alloy C65100 and to Table 2 for Alloys C65500 and
6.1 The product shall conform to the chemical requirements C66100.
specified in Table 1 for the Copper Alloy UNS No. designated 9.2.2 Rod: Round M20 Temper—Refer to Table 6.
in the ordering information. 9.2.3 Rod: Round, Hexagonal, Octagonal, M30 Temper—
6.1.1 When all elements listed in Table 1 are determined for Refer to Table 5.
the designated alloy, the sum of results shall be 99.5 % min. 9.2.4 Bar: Rectangular and Square—Refer to Tables 8 and
6.1.2 Copper may be determined as the difference between 10 for Alloy C65100, and Tables 9 and 11 for Alloys C65500
the sum of results for all elements analyzed an 100 %. and C66100.
6.2 These composition limits do not preclude the presence 9.2.5 Bar: M30 Temper— Refer to Table 5 for thickness and
of other elements. Limits may be established and analysis width tolerances.
required for unnamed elements by agreement between the 9.3 Shapes—The dimensional tolerance for shapes shall be
manufacturer and the purchaser. as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser,
and shall be specified in the order.
7. Temper
9.4 Length:
7.1 Tempers, as defined in Practice B 601, available under 9.4.1 Rod, Bar and Shapes—Refer to Tables 13 and 15.
this specification are O60 (soft anneal), H01 (quarter-hard), 9.5 Straightness:
H02 (half-hard), H04 (hard), H06 (extra hard), M20 (as hot 9.5.1 Rod and Bar— Refer to Table 16.
rolled), and M30 (as hot extruded). 9.6 Edge Contours:
7.2 Product of bars and shapes in the H06 (extra-hard) 9.6.1 Rod and Bar— Refer to the section entitled, “Edge
temper is normally not produced. Contours” and to Figs. 1, 2, and 3.
8. Mechanical Property Requirements
10. Test Methods
8.1 The product shall conform to the mechanical property
10.1 Chemical composition shall, in case of disagreement,
requirements given in Tables 2 and 3 for the Copper Alloy
be determined as follows:
UNS No. designation specified in the ordering information.
Element Test Methods
8.1.1 Rockwell Hardness—For the alloys and tempers
listed, product 0.5 in. [12.7 mm] and over in diameter or Copper E 478
Lead E 478, Atomic absorption
Manganese E 62
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements Nickel E 478, Photometric
Silicon E 54, Perchloric acid dehydration
Composition, % Maximum (Unless Shown as a Range or Zinc E 478, Atomic absorption
Minimum)
Copper Alloy UNS No. 10.1.1 Test Method(s) to be followed for the determination
C65100 C65500 C66100
of elements required by contractual or purchase order agree-
ment shall be as agreed upon between the supplier and
Copper (Includes 96.0 min 94.8 min 94.0 min
silver) purchaser.
Lead 0.05 0.05 0.20–0.8 10.2 Refer to Specifications B 249 or B 249M for other
Iron 0.8 0.8 0.25 appropriate test methods.
Zinc 1.5 1.5 1.5
Aluminum ... ... ...
Manganese 0.7 0.50–1.3 1.5 11. Keywords
Silicon 0.8–2.0 2.8–3.8 2.8–3.5
Nickel ... 0.6 ... 11.1 copper—rod, bar, shapes; copper-silicon alloy; high
silicon bronze A; low silicon bronze B; silicon bronze

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 B 98/B 98M
TABLE 2a Tensile Requirements
Temper Designation Diameter or Distance Yield Strength at 0.5 % Elongation in 4 3
Tensile Strength min,
Between Parallel Extension Under Load, Diameter or Thickness of
ksi
Standard Former Surfaces, in. min, ksi Specimen, min, %A
Copper Alloy UNS No. C65100 Rods, Bars, and Shapes
O60 Soft anneal All forms, all sizes 40 12 30
H02 Half-hard Rods:
Up to 1⁄2, incl 55 20 11
Over 1⁄2 to 2, incl 55 20 12
B B B
H04 Hard Bars and shapes
Rods:
Up to 1⁄2, incl 65 35 8
Over 1⁄2 to 2, incl 65 35 10
B B B
Bars and shapes
H06 Extra-hardC Rods:
Up to 1⁄2, incl 85 55 6
Over 1⁄2 to 1, incl 75 45 8
Over 1 to 11⁄2, incl 75 40 8
Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C65500 and C66100 BarsD
O60 Soft anneal All sizes 52 15 35
H04 Hard Up to 1, incl 65 38 20
Over 1 to 11⁄2, incl 60 30 25
Over 11⁄2 to 3, incl 55 24 27
Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C65500 and C66100 Rods, Square Bars, and Shapes
O60 Soft anneal All forms, all sizes 52 15 35
H01 Quarter-hard All forms, all sizes 55 24 25
H02 Half-hard Rods and square bars:
Up to 2, incl 70 38 20
B B B
Shapes
H04 Hard Rods and square bars:
Up to 1⁄4, incl 90 55 8
Over 1⁄4 to 1, incl 90 52 13
Over 1 to 11⁄2, incl 80 43 15
Over 11⁄2 to 3, incl 70 38 17
Over 3—as agreed upon
by manufacturer and
purchaser
B B B
Shapes
H06 Extra-hardC Rods: up to 1⁄2, incl 100 55 7
A
In any case a minimum gage length of 1 in. shall be used.
B
Tensile requirements for shapes of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C65500 and C66100 and bars and shapes of the H02 and H04 tempers of Copper Alloy UNS No. C65100
and all alloys and forms of M20 and M30 tempers shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser at time of order.
C
Bars and shapes are not produced in the H06 extra-hard temper.
D
Rectangular sections having thickness less than the width.

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TABLE 2b Tensile Requirements
Temper Designation Diameter or Distance Yield Strength at 0.5 %
Tensile Strength min, Elongation,
Between Parallel Extension Under Load,
Standard Former MPa min, %A
Surfaces, mm min, MPa
Copper Alloy UNS No. C65100 Rods, Bars, and Shapes
O60 Soft anneal All forms, all sizes 275 85 30
H02 Half-hard Rods:
Up to 12.7, incl 380 140 11
Over 12.7 to 50.8, incl 380 140 12
B
Bars and shapes
H04 Hard Rods:
Up to 12.7, incl 450 240 8
Over 12.7 to 50.8, incl 450 240 10
B B B
Bars and shapes
H06 Extra-hardC Rods:
Up to 12.7, incl 585 380 6
Over 12.7 to 25.4, incl 515 310 8
Over 25.4 to 38.1, incl 515 275 8
Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C65500 and C66100 BarsD
O60 Soft anneal All sizes 360 105 35
H04 Hard Up to 25.4, incl 450 260 20
Over 25.4 to 38.1, incl 415 205 25
Over 38.1 to 76.2, incl 380 165 27
Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C65500 and C66100 Rods, Square Bars, and Shapes
O60 Soft anneal All forms, all sizes 360 105 35
H01 Quarter-hard All forms, all sizes 380 165 25
H02 Half-hard Rods and square bars:
Up to 50.8, incl 485 260 20
B B B
Shapes
H04 Hard Rods and square bars:
Up to 6.35, incl 615 380 8
Over 6.35 to 25.4, incl 615 360 13
Over 25.4 to 38.1, incl 545 295 15
Over 38.1 to 76.2, incl 485 260 17
Over 76.2—as agreed
upon between
manufacturer and
purchaser
B B B
Shapes
H06 Extra-hardC Rods: up to 12.7, incl 690 380 7
A
Elongation values are based on a gage length of 5.65 times the square root of the area for dimensions greater than 2.5 mm.
B
Tensile requirements for shapes of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C65500 and C66100 and bars and shapes of the H02 and H04 tempers of Copper Alloy UNS No. C65100
and all alloys and forms of M20 and M30 tempers shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser at time of order.
C
Bars and shapes are not produced in the H06 extra-hard temper.
D
Rectangular sections having thickness less than the width.

TABLE 3 Rockwell Hardness RequirementsA

Temper Designation Rockwell B Hardness Determined on the
Diameter or Distance Between Parallel
Cross Section Midway Between Surface
Standard Former Surfaces, in. [mm]
and Center
Copper Alloy UNS No. C65100 Rods, Bars, and Shapes
H02 Half-hard 0.5 to 2.0 [12.7 to 50.8], incl 60–85
H04 Hard 0.5 to 2.0 [12.7 to 50.8], incl 65–90
H06 Extra-hardB 0.5 to 1.5 [12.7 to 38.1], incl 75–95
Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C65500 and C66100 BarsC
H04 Hard 0.5 to 3.0 [12.7 to 76.1], incl 60–95
Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C65500 and C66100 Rods, Square Bars, and Shapes
H02 Half-hard 0.5 to 1.0 [12.7 to 25.4], incl 75–95
over 1.0 to 1.5 [25.4 to 38.1], incl 75–95
over 1.5 to 3.0 [38.1 to 50.8], incl 75–95
H04 Hard 0.5 to 1.0 [12.7 to 25.4], incl 85–100
over 1.0 to 1.5 [25.4 to 38.1], incl 80–95
over 1.5 to 3.0 [38.1 to 50.8], incl 75–95
A
Rockwell hardnesses are not established for diameters less than 0.5 in. [12.7 mm].
B
Bars and shapes are not produced in the H06 temper.
C
Rectangular sections having thickness less than the width.

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SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee B-5 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue
B 98/B 98M – 97 that may impact the use of this standard.

(1) Referenced Documents section has been expanded. (2) Mechanical Property Requirements section has been ex-
panded.

The American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection
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patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

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