MATHEMATICS 9 QUARTER 1 WEEK 4

Competency :
The learner solves problems involving quadratic equations and rational algebraic
equations. M9AL-le-1

Expectations:

This module was designed to help you master on how to solve problems involving
quadratic equations and rational algebraic equations.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. apply the different steps in solving problems involving quadratic equations and
rational algebraic equations; and
2. solve problems involving quadratic equations and rational algebraic equations.

Pre-test:

Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the letter on your answer sheet.
1. The sum of two numbers is 10 and the product is 24. What are the numbers?
a. 5 and 5 b. 4 and 6 c. 1 and 9 d. 3 and 7
2. The product of two consecutive positive integers is 42. What are the integers?
a. 4 and 5 b. 6 and 7 c. 8 and 9 d. 11 and 12
3. The length of a garden is 3 meters longer than its width and the area is 18
square meters. How wide is the garden?
a. 3 m b. 6 m c. 9 m d. 12 m
5
4. The sum of the number and its reciprocal is . Find the numbers.
2
1 3 4 1 5 6
a. 3 and 3
b. 4
and 3
c. 2 and 2
d. 6
and5
5. It takes Esmeralda 3 hours more to do a job than it takes Lily. If they work
together, they can finish the same job in 2 hours. How long would it take Lily to
finish the job alone?
a. 3 hours b. 5 hours c. 4 hours d. 6 hours

Looking Back to your Lesson:

From your previous lesson, you have learned how to solve equations
transformable to quadratic equations. To review what you have learned from that lesson,
answer the given activity below:

MATHEMATICS 9 QUARTER 1 WEEK 4 1

 Transform each equation to quadratic equation in standard form and solve for
the roots:

Equation Quadratic Equation in Roots

Standard Form ax2 + bx + c = 0

x (x + 5) = 24 x2 + 5x -24 = 0 x = 3 ; x = -8

1. x (x + 4) = 45

2. x (x + 1) = 90

3. x (13 - x) = 42

1 17
4. 𝑥 + =
𝑥 4

1 1 1
5. + =
𝑥 𝑥+5 6

Introduction of the Topic:

Lesson: Solving Problems Involving Quadratic Equations and

Rational Algebraic Equations

Lesson 1: Solving Problems Involving Quadratic Equations

Steps in Solving Problems Involving Quadratic Equation.

1. Read and analyze the given problem.

2. Make a representation for the unknown in the problem.
3. Formulate an equation based on the conditions given in the problem.
4. Solve the resulting equation to find the value of the variable.
5. Make a conclusion.

Problem 1: The sum of two numbers is 21 and the product is 110. What are the
numbers?
Representation:
Let x = first number
21-x = second number
Equation: x(21 − x) = 110

Solution: 21x − x 2 = 110

𝑥 2 − 21𝑥 + 110 = 0 Write the resulting equation in standard form.

(x − 10)(x − 11) = 0 Solve the equation by factoring

x − 10 = 0 ; x − 11 = 0 by Zero Product Property

x = 10 ; x = 11
Therefore, the two numbers are 10 and 11.

MATHEMATICS 9 QUARTER 1 WEEK 4 2

Problem 2: The product of two consecutive positive integers is 72. What are the
integers?
Representation:
Let x = first integer
x+1= second integer
Equation: x(x + 1) = 72

Solution: x 2 + x = 72

x 2 + x − 72 = 0 Write the resulting equation in standard form.

(𝑥 + 9)(𝑥 − 8) = 0 Solve the equation by factoring
x+9 =0; x−8=0 by Zero Product Property

x = −9 ; 𝑥 =8
Since, you are looking for a positive integer, you take x = 8 and discard x = -9.
So by substitution,
If x = 8, then x + 1 = 9.
Therefore, the two positive integers are 8 and 9.
Problem 3: The length of a rectangular field is 5 meters longer than its width and the
area is 24 square meters. How wide is the garden?
Representation:
Let x = width of the rectangular field
x + 5 = length of the rectangular field
Equation: (L)(W) = Area of the rectangle

x(x + 5) = 24

Solution: x 2 + 5x = 24

x 2 + 5x − 24 = 0 Write the resulting equation in standard form.

(𝑥 + 8)(𝑥 − 3) = 0 Solve the equation by factoring
x+8 = 0; x−3 = 0 by Zero Product Property

x = −8 ; 𝑥 = 3
Note: since, there is no negative dimension, discard the negative value of x
Therefore, the width of the rectangular field is 3 meters.

Lesson 2: Solving Problems Involving Rational Algebraic

Equations

Steps in Solving Problems Involving Rational Algebraic Equation.

1. Read and analyze the given problem.

2. Make a representation for the unknown in the problem.
3. Formulate an equation based on the conditions given in the problem.
4. Transform the equation to a quadratic equation in standard form.

MATHEMATICS 9 QUARTER 1 WEEK 4 3

 5. Solve the equation to find the value of the variable.
6. Make a conclusion

10
Problem 1: The sum of the number and its reciprocal is 3
. Find the numbers.

Representation:

Let x = the number

1
= the reciprocal of the number
𝑥
1 10
Equation: x+ x
= 3

1 10
Solution: (3x) (x + ) = ( ) 3x Multiply both sides of the equation by the LCD.
x 3

3x 2 + 3 = 10x

3x 2 − 10x + 3 = 0 Write the resulting equation in standard form.

(3𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 3) = 0 Solve the equation by factoring
3x − 1 = 0 , x − 3 = 0 by Zero Product Property
1
x = , x =3
3
𝟏
Therefore, the numbers are 3 and .
𝟑
Problem 2: It takes Sarah 6 hours more to do a job than it takes Maja. If they work
together, they can finish the same job in 4 hours. How long will it take Maja to finish
the job alone?

Representation:
Let x = the number of hours of it will take Maja to finish the job alone
x + 6 = the number of hours of it will take Sarah to finish the job alone
1
= part of the job done by Maja in one hour
x
1
= part of the job done by Sarah in one hour
𝑥+6
1
= part of the job done by Sarah and Maja in one hour working
4

together
1 1 1
Equation: + =
𝑥 𝑥+6 4

1 1 1
Solution: (4)(𝑥)(𝑥 + 6) [ 𝑥 + 𝑥+6 = 4 ] (4)(𝑥)(𝑥 + 6) Multiply both sides of the

equation by the LCD (4)(x)(x+6)

4x + 24 + 4x = x 2 + 6x

8x + 24 = x 2 + 6x

x 2 − 2x − 24 = 0 Write the resulting equation in standard form

(x − 6)(x + 4) = 0 Solve the equation by factoring

MATHEMATICS 9 QUARTER 1 WEEK 4 4

 𝑥 − 6 = 0 ; 𝑥 + 4 = 0 by Zero Product Property

x = 6 ; 𝑥 = −4
Note: since there is no negative time, discard the negative value of x
If x = 6, then x +6 = 12.
Therefore, Maja can finish the job alone in 6 hours
Problem 3: Two pipes can fill a tank together in six hours. Alone, it takes pipe A five
hours less than pipe B to fill the same tank. How many hours does it take each pipe to
fill the tank separately?

Representation:

Let x = the number of hours it will take Pipe B to fill the tank alone
x − 5 = the number of hours it will take Pipe A to fill the tank alone
1
= part of the tank filled by Pipe B in one hour
x
1
= part of the tank filled by Pipe A in one hou𝑟
x−5
1
6
= part of the tank filled by both Pipes together in one hour

1 1 1
Equation: + =
𝑥 𝑥−5 6

1 1 1
Solution : (6)(𝑥)(𝑥 − 5)[( + ) = ( )](6)(𝑥)(𝑥 − 5) Multiply both sides of the
𝑥 𝑥−5 6

equation by the LCD (6)(x)(x-5)

6𝑥 − 30 + 6𝑥 = 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥

12𝑥 − 30 = 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥

x 2 − 17x + 30 = 0 Write the resulting equation in standard form.

(𝑥 − 15)(𝑥 − 2) = 0 Solve the equation by factoring

𝑥 − 15 = 0 ; 𝑥 − 2 = 0 by Zero Product Property

x = 15 ; 𝑥 = 2
Notice that there are two values of x. Determine if there is an extraneous root by
substitution.

If x = 15 ; If x =2
x-5 = number of hours for Pipe A x-5 = number of hours for Pipe A
to fill the tank alone to fill the tank alone
15 - 5 = 10 2 – 5 = -3
Note: since there is no negative time, 2 is an extraneous root.
Therefore, Pipe B can fill the tank in 15 hours while Pipe A can fill the same tank
in 10 hours.

MATHEMATICS 9 QUARTER 1 WEEK 4 5

 Activities:

Activity 1. Complete Me
Complete the table by supplying the missing steps.

Problem Steps
1. The sum of two numbers is 22 and the a. Representation:
product is 120. What are the numbers? Let x = first number
22-x = second number

b. Equation: ____________
c. Solution: 22𝑥 − 𝑥 2 = 120
x 2 − 22x + 120 = 0
(𝑥 − 10)(𝑥 − 12) = 0
x − 10 = 0, x − 12 = 0
𝒙 = ______ , 𝒙 = _____

d. Therefore, the two numbers are _____

and _____.

2. The sum of two numbers is 24 and the a. Representation:

product is 135. What are the numbers? Let x = first number
____= second number

b. Equation: (x)(24 − x) = 135

c. Solution: 24x − x 2 = 135
x 2 − 24x + 135 = 0
(x − 15)(x − 9) = 0
x − 15 = 0, x − 9 = 0
𝑥 = ________ , 𝒙 = ______

d. Therefore, the two numbers are _____

and _____.

3. The product of two consecutive a. Representation

positive integers is 420. What are the Let x = first integer
integers? x + 1 = second integer
b. Equation: _________________
c. Solution: 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 = 420
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 420 = 0
(𝑥 + 21)(𝑥 − 20) = 0
_______ = 0 , _________ = 0
x = −21 , 𝒙 = 20
d. Therefore, the two consecutive positive
integers are ______ and ______ .

4. The product of two consecutive a. Representation

positive integers is 272. What are the Let x = first integer
integers? _____ = second integer
b. Equation: x(x + 1) = 272
c. Solution: x 2 + x = 272
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 272 = 0
(𝑥 − 16)(𝑥 + 17) = 0
________ = 0 , _______ = 0

MATHEMATICS 9 QUARTER 1 WEEK 4 6

 𝑥 = 16 , 𝒙 = −17

d. Therefore, the two consecutive positive

integers are ______ and ______ .

5. The length of a rectangular field is 7 a. Representation

meters longer than its width and the Let x = width of the rectangular field
area is 30 square meters. How wide is x+7= length of the rectangular field
the garden? b. Equation: ___________
c. Solution : 𝑥 2 + 7x = 30
` 𝑥 2 + 7x − 30 = 0
( x + 10)(x − 3) = 0
x + 10 =0 , x-3 =0
x = ____ , x = ____
d. The width of the garden is ______.

Activity 2. Fill Me Up
Complete the table by supplying the missing steps.
17
1. The sum of the number and its reciprocal is 4
. What are the numbers?

Steps Task
1.Represent the number and its a. Let x = the number
reciprocal 1
= the reciprocal of the number
𝑥

2.Formulate the equation b. 𝑥 + 𝑥 =

1 17
4

3.Multiply both sides of the equation by 𝑐. The LCD is 4x.

the LCD 1 17
(4x) [𝑥 + = ] (4x)
𝑥 4
4x2
+ 4 = 17x
4.Write the resulting equation in d. 4x2 - 17x -4 =0
standard form ax2+bx+c=0
5. Solve the equation in #4 by factoring e. (x-4) (4x-1)=0

6.Equate each factor to 0 (Zero Product f.

Property)
7.Solve for x. g.
8.Conclusion h. The number is _______and its
reciprocal is ______.

101
2. The sum of the number and its reciprocal is 10
. What are the numbers?

Steps Task
1. Represent the number and its a. Let x = the number
reciprocal 1
= the reciprocal of the number
𝑥

2.Formulate the equation b.

3.Multiply both sides of the equation by c. The LCD is 10x.
the LCD
________________________

MATHEMATICS 9 QUARTER 1 WEEK 4 7

 4.Write the resulting equation in d. 10x2-101x+10=0
standard form ax2+bx+c=0
5. Solve the equation in #4 by factoring e. (x-10) (10x-1)=0
6.Equate each factor to 0 (Zero Product f. x-10 =0, 10x-1 =0
Property)
7.Solve for x g.
8.Conclusion h. The number is _______and its
reciprocal is ______.

3. It takes Liza 12 hours more to disinfect their house than it takes her husband. If they
work together, they can finish the same job in 8 hours. How long would it take her
husband to finish the job alone?

Steps Task
1. Represent the unknown in the a. Let x = the number of hours it took Liza’s
given problem husband to complete the job

x + 12 = the number of hours it took Liza

to complete the job
1
𝑥
= part of the job done by Liza’s
husband in one hour
1
𝑥+12
= part of the job done by Liza in
one hour
1
8
= part of the job done in one hour
if they work together
2.Formulate the equation 1 1 1
b. + =
𝑥 𝑥+12 8

3. Multiply both sides of the equation c. The LCD is (8)(x)(x+12).

by the LCD 1
[(8)(x)(x + 12)]( +
1 1
)=(8 )[ (8)(x)(x+12)]
𝑥 𝑥+12
8x+96+8x = x2+12x
16x+96 = x2+12x
4.Write the resulting equation(step 3) d.
in standard form ax2+bx+c=0
5. Solve the equation in #4 by e. (x-12)(x+8)=0
factoring
6.Equate each factor to 0 (Zero f. x-12 =0, x +8 =0
Product Property)
7.Solve for x. g.

8.Conclusion h. Liza’s husband can finish the job alone

in _____hours.

4. Two faucets can fill a tank together in 12 minutes. Alone, it takes faucet B ten minutes
less than faucet A to fill the same tank. How many minutes does it take each faucet to
fill the tank separately?

Steps Task
1. Represent the unknown in the given a. Let x = number of minutes it takes
problem faucet A to fill the tank alone
x-10 = number of minutes it takes
faucet B to fill the tank alone
1
𝑥
= part of the job done by faucet
A in one minute
1
= part of the job done by faucet
𝑥−10

MATHEMATICS 9 QUARTER 1 WEEK 4 8

 B in one minute
1
= part of the job done by both
12
faucets working together
2. Formulate an equation b.
1 1
+ 𝑥−10 =12
1
𝑥

3. Multiply both sides of an equation by c. The LCD is (12)(x)(x-10).

the LCD (12)(x)(x-10)
1 1 1
[𝑥 + 𝑥−10 = 12 ] (12)(x)(x-10).
12x – 120 + 12x = x2 – 10x
4.Write the resulting equation(step 3) in d. x2-34x+120=0
standard form ax2+bx+c=0
5. Solve the equation in #4 by factoring e.
6.Equate each factor to 0 (Zero Product f. x-4 =0 , x-30 =0
Property)
7.Solve for x. g.

8.Conclusion h.Faucet A can fill the tank in

______minutes and
Faucet B can fill the tank in
_____minutes.

Remember:

Steps in Solving Problems Involving Quadratic Equation.

1. Read and analyze the given problem.

2. Make a representation for unknown of the problem.
3. Formulate an equation based on the conditions given in the problem.
4. Solve the value of the variable.
5. Make a conclusion.

Steps in Solving Problems Involving Rational Algebraic Equation.

1. Read and analyze the given problem.

2. Make a representation for the unknown in the problem.
3. Formulate an equation based on the conditions given in the problem.
4. Transform the equation to quadratic equation in standard form.
5. Solve the equation to find the value of the variable.
6. Make a conclusion

Check your Understanding:

Solve the following problems. Show your solution.

1. The product of two numbers is 56 and the sum is 15. What are the numbers?
2. The product of two consecutive positive integers is 182. What are the integers?
3. The length of a rectangular field is 6 meters longer than its width and the area is
40 square meters. What is the length of the garden?
37
4. The sum of a number and its reciprocal is 6 . What are the numbers?

MATHEMATICS 9 QUARTER 1 WEEK 4 9

 5. It takes Liza 3 hours more to paint their house than it takes her sister. If they
work together, they can finish the same job in 2 hours. How long will it take her
sister to finish the job alone?

Post-test:
Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the letter on your answer sheet.
1. The sum of two numbers is 10 and the product is 24. What are the numbers?
a. 5 and 5 b. 4 and 6 c. 1 and 9 d. 3 and 7
2. The product of two consecutive positive integers is 42. What are the integers?
a. 4 and 5 b. 6 and 7 c. 8 and 9 d. 11 and 12
3. The length of a garden is 3 meters longer than its width and the area is 18
square meters. How wide is the garden?
a. 3 m b. 6 m c. 9 m d. 12 m
5
4. The sum of the number and its reciprocal is 2. Find the numbers.
1 3 4 1 5 6
a. 3 and b. and c. 2 and d. and
3 4 3 2 6 5
5. It takes Esmeralda 3 hours more to do a job than it takes Lily. If they work
together, they can finish the same job in 2 hours. How long would it take Lily to
finish the job alone?
a. 3 hours b. 5 hours c. 4 hours d. 6 hours

MATHEMATICS 9 QUARTER 1 WEEK 4 10

 MATHEMATICS 9
Quarter 1 Week 4
ANSWER SHEET
Name: Math Teacher:
Section: Score:

MATHEMATICS 9 QUARTER 1 WEEK 4 11