,university of Caloocan City: I. Fill in The Blanks: Answer The Following Questions

,UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY
Congressional Rd Ext, Caloocan, Metro Manila

Readings in Philippine History
Midterm Examination
Name: Khate Crystal M. Bautista Student #: 20211038-N Date: 10/11/2021

Course: B.S Computer Science Section: 1-A Professor: Mrs. Adela J. Luat
I. Fill in the blanks: Answer the following questions.
1. History is known as the study of the past.
2. Historia from the greek word means knowledge acquired through inquiry or investigation
3. Historiography is the history of history help the students to have a better understanding of
history.
4. Primary Sources are those sources produced at the same time as the event, period or
subject being studied.
5. Secondary Sources are those sources which were produced by an author who used
primary sources to produce the materials.
6. External Criticism is the practice of writing the authenticity of evidence by examining its
physical characteristics, consistency with the historical characteristics of the time when it
was produced.
7. Internal Criticism is the examination of the truthfulness of the evidence.
8. William Henry Scott, an American historian who debunked the authenticity of the code
due to anachronism and lack of evidence to prove that the code existed in the pre-colonial
Philippines.
9. Is one of the most scandalous cases of deception in the Philippine history is The Hoax
Code of Kalantiaw. Allegedly written by a certain datu.
10. Antonio Pigafetta an Italian nobleman who accompanied Ferdinand Magellan in his
fateful circumnavigation of the world.
11. Magellan died in the battle of Battle of Mactan
12. The most important organization formed in the Philippine history is The Katipunan
(KKK).
13. Bonifacio recognized Emilio Jacinto being an intellect and became the secretary of the
organization.
14. Kartilya can be treated as the katipunan’s code of conduct.
15. A political caricature of the American era written by Alfredo W. McCoy
16. Father Vicente Balaguer, a Jesuit priest, the only eyewitness account about the retraction.
17. Mariano Gomez, José Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora (GOMBURZA) the three-martyr
priest who was executed by garote.
18. Limasawa the site of the first mass.
19. Treaty of Paris the treaty signed between Spain and the united states regarding the
ownership of the Philippine island and other Spanish colonies in south America.
20. The Constitution of Biak na Bato was the provisionary constitution of the Philippine
republic during the Philippine revolution.
II. Enumeration:
1-3 the three constitutions that have effectively governed the country.
The 1935 Constitution
4-10 Give at least 7 repositories of primary and secondary sources that allow our students in
doing research and develop their skills in historical research.
Asia Pacific Research Centers
Ateneo De Manila Univ: Pardo De Tavera
De La Salle University Archives
Filipinas Heritage Library
THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES
NATIONAL ARCHIVES OF THE PHILIPPINES 
THE NATIONAL HISTORICAL COMMISSION OF THE PHILIPPINES
III. Essay: Answer the following questions. Minimum of 50 words.

1. Do you believe on the retraction of Rizal? Justify your answer
In my honest opinion, I believe he did not retract. Why? Because until recently, there has
been no valid proof or justification to bring the discussion to a close. Though there are
primary sources like the occurrence was reported in Manila and Madrid publications
(newspaper). Still, how can I say he did not retract? Firstly, the copy of Rizal's reportedly
signed retraction paper, which was kept secret and only published in newspapers. The
original copy was alleged to be lost when Rizal's relatives requested it. How can they be
so negligent as to be unaware of the paper's worth? Ths original copy was discovered in
the archdiocesan archives 39 years later. Ricardo Pascual, Ph. D., who was granted access
by Archbishop Nozaleda to examine the paper, eventually concluded that the document
was a fake. In reproducing another copy of the original, Father Balaguer seems to had
made mistakes.
2. From the eyewitness accounts presented as for the dates when Bonifacio and his troops
may have been moving from one place to another to avoid being located by the Spanish
government, which could explain why there are several accounts of the cry?
I’ve research about it and according to the witness accounts offered, there is significant
dispute among historical witnesses as to the location and time of the cry's occurrence.
Four locations have been identified using primary and secondary sources: Balintawak,
Kangkong, Pugadlawin, and Bahay Toro, with dates ranging from August 23, 24, 25, or
26. The account of Valenzuela should be treated with caution: He once told a Spanish
investigator that the "Cry" occurred on August 26, 1896, at Balintawak. He later
recounted in his Memoirs of the Revolution that it occurred on August 23, 1896, at Pugad
Lawin. When working with primary sources, such inconsistencies in accounts should
always be considered a red flag.
"Encarnacion and Villegas all these areas are in Balintawak, the section of Caloocan that
is presently in Quezon City," Guerrero (2010) writes. In terms of the dates, Bonifacio
and his forces may have been moving from one location to another in order to avoid
being discovered by the Spanish authorities, which could explain why the Cry of Pugad
Lawin has multiple “cry”.
3. Do you believe father Balaguer’s testimony about the written document wrote by Dr. Jose
Rizal? Explain your answer.
For me, I don’t believe him, if I do I would be contradicting my answer in question
number 1. Another piece of proof that Rizal did not retract is that when Father Balaguer
agreed to marry Jose and Josephine after Jose had signed the retraction document, there
was no marriage certificate or official record to back up Father Balaguer's claims.
Why would Rizal withdraw when he knows he will still be executed even if he signs the
retraction paper? Because the judicial process involved was strictly a military tribunal
where civilian or church participation was uncommon and not authorized, the Archbishop
and Jesuits are powerless to soften his sentence. Consider Rizal's character as a 33-year-
old guy. He was mature enough to understand the repercussions of his decision even
before he challenged the Jesuits; he had expected this to happen and it would be rare if he
displayed behavior that indicated a threat of death. Anyone who has studied his
biography or met him knows this to be true; even the priests have agreed that Rizal acted
in a manner compatible with who he was in his later years.
NOTE: (IMPORTANT PLEASE READ!)

Deadline is until the end of the time period.
Once you’re done with the exam, save and rename this document file to this format:
SURNAME_COURSE-SECTION (example: LUAT_BSIT-4B) Submit to the designated GOOGLE DRIVE LINK
posted in your Facebook group.
Stay healthy and have a nice day!

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,UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY

Congressional Rd Ext, Caloocan, Metro Manila

Name: Khate Crystal M. Bautista Student #: 20211038-N Date: 10/11/2021

III. Essay: Answer the following questions. Minimum of 50 words.

NOTE: (IMPORTANT PLEASE READ!)

Stay healthy and have a nice day!

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