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Roll Number:

Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala

Note: Attempt all questions. Assume missing data, if any, suitably.

Q.1 (a) Write four most appropriate features possessed by an embedded system. (5)
Justify the statement "Personal computer is not considered to be an
embedded system", by using your points.
(b) Microcontroller units (MCUs) use Data, Address and Control buses. Specify (5)
each type of system bus as unidirectional or bidirectional. Give reason for
your answer.
(c) Explain Brown-Out Reset with the help of circuit diagram. Can low battery (5)
power trigger the watch dog timer? Justify your answer.
(d) Is use of cache memory suitable for processors operating on real-time (5)
applications, justify? Can you suggest another alternative, if needed?

Q.2 (a) Describe the DC motor parameters that help to get the controlled (5)
movement of the motor. How power supply help in fine-tuning these DC
motor parameters.
(b) Consider, a Graphical LCD (GLCD) of size 128 x 64 dots, split logically as (10)
two half (left half and right half) with built-in controller, two ICs of ICS0108,
IC1 and IC2. We want to lighten four corner pixels of the screen. In this
view, find the values of controller selection (Chip Select), Column address
(Y address), Page address (X address) and hexadecimal code required for
lighten up four pixels.
(c) Give one primary advantage of invasive signal reading technique over Non- (5)
invasive technique in Brain Machine Interface (BMI). Is it possible to use
human organ as end device in BMI? Justify your answer with help of an
example.

Q.3 (a) Describe any two advantages of Spread Spectrum techniques used in (5)
cellular technology. List and briefly explain any two spread spectrum
techniques.
(b) Real-time tasks are normally classified into periodic, aperiodic, and (5)
sporadic real-time task.
i. What are the basic criteria based on which the tasks are defined
in these three categories?
ii. Give examples of tasks in practical systems which belong to each
of the three categories.
iii. Between aperiodic and sporadic real-time task, which one is
usually a soft-deadline task. Justify your answer.
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 periodic tasks. (10)
(c) Consider the following set of three real-time Deadline
Start Processing Period
Task
Time(ms) Time(ms) (ms) (ms)
20 25 150 100
T1
40 10 50 50
T2
60 50 200 200
T3

i. Check whether the three given tasks are schedulable under Rate
Monotonic Algorithm. Show all intermediate steps in your
computation.
Draw the Gantt chart for the one cycle of execution i.e. tasks
ii.
arrives periodically till the maximum processing time task
finishes its one execution completely.
iii. When T3 finishes its first execution.
iv. Suppose, CPU perform garbage collection during the time when
no process is scheduled. Assuming that each context switch
incurs an overhead of 1 ms, determine whether the tasks are
schedulable under RMA.
v. Under what condition static priority based preemptive
scheduling is same as rate monotonic scheduling.

Q.4 (a) Answer following questions with respect to Digital Signal Processing (DSP) (5)
processors:
i. Why hardware based 'multiply and accumulate (MAC) unit' is a
necessity for DSP processor?
ii. Many DSP processors boast of 'zero overhead loops'. What do
they mean by this?
Discuss, the architecture adopted by Digital Signal Processing (DSP) (5)
(b)
processors that uses 'Instruction Level Parallelism'. Name two such DSP
processors.
Discuss the role of hardware description language (HDL) in the (5)
(c)
development of application specific integrated circuits (ASIC). Name any
two HDLs. How hardware description language (HDL) is different from high
level language (HLL).
Consider, a four bit unsigned number. You have given the task to design a (5)
(d)
digital circuit for identifying whether number is even or odd. Show the
process for designing (i.e. modeling, simulation and synthesis) the required
circuit.

Q.5 (a) Design of an embedded system involves both 'hardware and software'. (5)
Explain in detail all the steps involved in hardware and software co-design
with the help of diagram.
(b) Modern cars are using several electronic control units to automate/control (5)
different tasks. Automated door locking unit is one of them. Design a finite
state machine model for it. Your model should include following
characteristics:
a) When engine of car is off, door should be in unlocked state.
b) Stationary car with start engine remains doors in unlocked state.
c) Once speed of car is above 15 Km/hr, doors should be locked
automatically, if not locked earlier manually.
d) When car get stooped and engine off, doors should be unlocked.
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(c) In the current years, more than 422 million peoples in the world suffer from (10)
various critical diseases such as cardiovascular and diabetes which should
directly affect the human health. Therefore, continuously monitoring
patient health using a real-time environment may be a solution. Design and
discuss the structure of Internet of Things (loT) based Patient Monitoring
System in distributed environment.
Also answer following questions with respect to your developed modal.
a) Which type of processor (RISC /CISC) is suitable for your solution?
b) Which type of communication channel you require (simplex/duplex/full
duplex)? How do you achieve multiple accesses?
c) Which kind of operating system you prefer for your solution?
d) Is your design more hardware dependent or software dependent?
e) List any two limitations of proposed design.

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Evaluated Answer-sheets will be shown on May 28, 2019 (Tuesday)
at 3PM in PG Activity Space II (4th Floor), New CSED Building
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