Name: Rio John Bautista Year and Section: BSED 4-A

Unit 1

Questions

1. What was the major argument raised by Senator Francisco “Soc” Rodrigo against the
passage of the Rizal Bill?
The major argument raised by Senator Francisco “Soc” Rodrigo against the passage of
the Rizal Bill was, the books of Rizal, the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo. According
to Senator Francisco "SOC" Rodrigo he says that "Let us not create a conflict between
nationalism and religion, between the Government and the Church.

2. What was the major argument raised by Senator Jose P. Laurel and Claro M. Recto in
support the passage of the Rizal bill?
The major argument raised by Senators, Jose P. Laurel and Claro M. Recto in support of
the passage of the Rizal Bill was about Rizal novels/writings telling that those
novels/writings should be read each generation because it contains the great sense of
nationalism and morality.

3. Are there points of convergence between the supporters and opposers of the Rizal Bill
based on these statements?
Yes. There were points of convergence between the supporters and opposes of the Rizal
Bill based on this statements since the thoughts are basically connected in a way that it
teaches Filipino citizens to preserve what we have, specifically our religion or morality.

4. Do you think the debates on the Rizal Law have some resonance up to the present? If yes,
in what way, If no, why? (Base on the further readings below)
 Yes. In a way that it aims to awaken dedicated Filipino in each of us and will make us
ready to accept our flaws and expect greater sacrifices to attain freedom and value our
heroes’ life during their fight against Spaniards. Besides, the debates on the Rizal Law tells
us that we Filipinos believe that knowledge of history can make us better citizens, despite
the opposition of the Catholic Church. Lastly, even if we are inclined to embrace other
cultures at the present time and adapt foreign culture, let us better understand what Jose
Rizal did for our country because the lessons from the past will be a way for our success in
the present.
Name: Rio John Bautista Year and Section: BSED 4-A

UNIT III

I. Words to Know

Define the following according to your understanding.

1. Higher education- Your attainment in education

2. Assimilation- The absorption of understanding

3. Propaganda- Biased information

4. Propaganda movement- Filipino nationalist movement

5. Philosophy- The study of fundamental nature of knowledge

II. Brush Up

1. Why was the Propaganda Movement failed?

The propaganda movement did not succeed in its pursuit of reforms. The colonial
government did not agree to any of its demands. Spain itself was undergoing a lot of internal
problems all that time, which could explain why the mother country failed to heed the Filipino's
petitions.
2. What is the reason why the La Solidaridad newspaper was put up?

La Solidaridad was established to express the goal of the Propaganda Movement

towards achieving assimilation with Spain. The first issue of La Solidaridad came out on
February 15, 1889. A fortnightly and a bi-weekly newspaper, La Solidaridad serves as the
principal organ of the Reform Movement in Spain.

3. Compare Ateneo Municipal and UST in terms of the treatment according to Rizal.

The comparison of Rizal’s performance in Ateneo de Municipal and Santo Tomas is not
viable because both institutions differ in many respects. First, the superiority of Santo Tomas as
a University is way unrivalled to that of a secondary school like Ateneo. It is impossible to
compare Santo Tomas because it exhilarated its university charter bestowed by Pope Innocent
X in 1645, 34 years after its establishment as compared to Ateneo that was only elevated to its
university charter in 1959, 100 years after its establishment in 1859. Being stringent, Santo
Tomas being a university is 314 years older than Ateneo (University of Santo Tomas, Ateneo de
Manila University-Wikipedia, 2009, para. 1) (History-UST website, 2009, para. 2 and 4) (History-
ADMU website, 2006, para. 1 and 14), so how could we compare an unmatched excellence of a
university to a newly established institution? Second, the Dominicans implement in Santo
Tomas a Europeanized Educational System wherein every student is expected to be matured
and responsible in using their time compared to the Regulated-Regimented System the Jesuits
utilize where students’ time is hardly grasped by the administrators (Villaroel, 1984). Thirdly,
they say that Rizal had a miserable life in Santo Tomas than in Ateneo because he received
better grades there but even a single document that would prove and suffice the argument that
Rizal had a despondent life in Santo Tomas is never presented. Lastly, college life is extremely
different from the secondary and elementary. The University was a different world altogether. It
was in the nature of a university to be different. There was more freedom and very little control
on one’s private and scholastic conduct (Villaroel, 1984). Therefore, the comparison made
between the University of Santo Tomas and Ateneo de Municipal will never be feasible and
expedient even up to the present time.
5. What was the reason Rizal shifted from Philosophy and Letters to Medicine course?

After completing his first year, Rizal decided to take up medicine as his university
course. This change of heart was due to two factors:

1. Father Ramon Pablo, rector of the Ateneo, had advised him to pursue the course.

2. Rizal's mother had failing eyesight and he thought he owed it to her to become a doctor
and cure her condition. 

Rizal's performance at the University of Santo Tomas was not as excellent as his time at
the Ateneo. His grades after shifting to medicine had suffered as well.

6. Why was Teodora Alonso opposed to Rizal’s enrolling in higher education?

The mother of Rizal opposed Rizal to Go for higher Education in UST because of the
Incident happed to Father Gomez, BUrgos, and Zamora. the mother of Rizal said "Don't
send him to Manila again; he knows enough. If he gets to know more, the Spaniards will
cut off his head.
Name: Rio John Bautista Year and Section: BSED 4-A

UNIT IV
ACTIVITY 1:

Change and Development Relation to Rizal’s life

Economic The 19th century was the era of Jose Rizal's family during this
reconstruction and trading. The time is considered part of the
demand for agricultural products like illustrador. This only means that
abaca and sugar was high. they are intellectually rich. Also,
Philippines were expected to provide Rizal's family is part of the
large amount of supply to be middle-class. They are
exported to Europe. The transition of financially well off. However,
the barter system to moneyed this opened Rizal's eyes to
system was becoming well known. discrimination and poverty. His
Due to the ability of some people to family is said to be a
afford construction. Since some of leaseholders of a certain
them become literate, they were able hacienda in Calamba. Also, they
to access regional communication. are helping a number of
Furthermore, the presence of Dominicans in their rice farm.
infrastructure enables the Philippines Rizal, at a very young age,
to be able to transfer good that will knew how blessed he was
later on be beneficial to the thanks to his older brother
Philippine economy. Paciano. Rizal's family has
agricultural business which
benefited them during the
 economic changes in the 19th
century.

Political The political condition during the Due to lack of literacy among
19th century is not too different from Filipinos at this time, Rizal's
what we have now. At that time, urge to help his fellowmen grew
people who wanted to have a space bigger and bigger. He decided
in the government should bid. Of to educate people through his
course, people with efficient money writings. His popular novels
were the only participants in this were chose to be written in
system. The time of service of the Spanish in order to read by
person in authority generally Spaniard as well. Rizal believed
depends on the kin, to which can be that his works will have an
influence by false reports and data. impact of the way the
governments administer in the
Philippines. He wrote several
letters to the Spanish
government about the current
political condition in country.
However, this was not given
much attention because of the
falsified reports and data
provided by the officials.

Socio- For the last hundred years, the The ability to have a higher
cultural Philippines were undeniably slaves of knowledge eagers Rizal to
Spaniards. From the beginning, there educate the Filipinos. Since he
were only High and low class. was young, Rizal never
However, in the 19th century, the experience poverty. However,
Middle-class society was born. This when Rizal's Mother (Teodora
class become the extension of cruelty Alonso) was imprisoned for two
 of Spaniards. Most of the were part and a half years, and was even
of the administrative system. People charged of poisoning her
under this class were the one that brother's wife, Rizal become
belongs to the natives and mestizos. more involved in speaking his
mind against Spanish
authorities. 

Questions.
1. What can you say about the conditions of the cigarreras in Manila?
All I can say about the conditions of cigarreras in Manila were truly horrifying
due to the soldiers that merciless maltreated them especially the women that where
working in the factory. Due to the maltreatment of the soldiers the workers decided not
to work anymore, and most of the workers are needy and poor people.
2. What do these excerpts reveal about the life in nineteenth century in Manila?
Excerpts reveal that life in the nineteenth century in Manila is that the economic and
world trade was booming in the nineteenth century due to the new policies that were
made. And it has a great impact when it comes on the social and political views here in
Manila.
3. How can these excerpts be related to a discussion about the situation of women in
nineteenth century in Manila?
The excerpts related to the discussion about the situation of the women in the
nineteenth century Manila is that it’s the same for the reason that the cigarreras women
were maltreated by the soldiers and in the nineteenth century is still the same that
most of the women received unfair treatments and they get maltreated also by men
due to the status that men are higher than women
ACTIVITY 1
Rizal and Gomburza
Essay:
1. What is Rizal's main message in this letter?
I believe that we Filipino's will be free on the time they will be executed. This
execution leads the rise of the book that will open our minds and hearts that this
colonization will be at end.
2. List two things in the letter that support Rizal's main message.
 He wrote the novel Noli Me Tangere to free us to the Spaniards.
 He is the leader of GomBurza.
3. What does the letter tell you about nineteenth century Philippines?
About how cruel and abusive the Spaniards to all the Filipino people. To give the
message to all the Filipino people.
4. Write a question that was left unanswered by the letter.
Why did Dr. Jose Rizal wrote the message?
5. Where would you find the possible answer to your question?
From the people who studies the works of Dr. Jose Rizal

Essay:
1. What are the aims of the newspaper, La Solidaridad?
It aims to work peacefully for political and social reforms, to portray the
deplorable conditions of the Philippines so that Spain may remedy them, to
oppose the evil forces of reaction and medievalism, to advocate liberal ideas and
progress, to champion the legitimate aspirations of the Filipino people to life,
democracy and happiness.
2. What are the ill effects of "theocracy and "conservatism"?
The ill effects of theocracy can be detrimental to the people who do not
align with the state's official beliefs. It can be used as a tool or excuse to
 exterminate or oppress a minority religion. Ultra Conservatism on the other hand
suppresses innovation making it harder to progress forward for a country
adopting this kind of ideology

3. What does the article tell you about 19th century Philippines?
Spanish administrators failed to initiate political and economic reforms. Also,
slavery, discrimination and in justice were very rampant. In which, there is no
significant cultural and educational advancements during these time.

4. What is propagandist? 5. Based on the article, what are the propagandists’ view
of progress?

The propagandist view of progress is above all of ideals of democracy so that

these might reign over all nations here & beyond these.
ACTIVITY 1

Complete the table below by identifying what the major characters in Noli Me Tángere
symbolize in relation to colonial Philippine society.

Character Symbolism
Crisostomo Ibarra This character symbolizes those people
who experienced violence from the
colonizers and the possibilities of the pain
received from them to turn into a heart
that desires freedom from and revenge
for the Spaniards
Maria Clara this character symbolizes those people
who were oppressed by the colonizers.
They had this desire for change, so they
expressed it with writings and other ways
they could to express their love for their
country and their hope for freedom and
own identity. This character showed that
no matter who you are, and what you are
in your society, you are capable of loving
your country and fighting for it.
Capitan Tiago Captain Tiago represents the Filipinos
who believed what the friars said about
 salvation. Filipinos were forced to adapt
the Spaniard's culture, and then we
forget our own. This character showed
how fearful some of the Filipinos had
become that they just followed the friars'
orders to avoid disgrace and to receive
the blessings they needed to live. In
addition, this character showed their
dependence to the orders of the
colonizers which made them forget their
true identity and their right and capability
to decide for themselves.
Padre Damaso This character showed the brutality and
unlawful treatment of the colonizers to
the Filipinos before. He represents those
colonizers who oppressed the Filipinos
and removed their rights in their own
country. Padre Damaso was a symbol of
all violence and reasons to fight against
the colonizers of the Philippines and
reclaim the sovereignty the Spaniards
stole from the Filipinos.
Sisa The character of Sisa is a mother of two,
who went out of her mind when she
cannot find her children. In relation to
colonial Philippine Society, we can say
that this character represents the
oppressed people of the colonized
country in which they can’t further
express what they are thinking or feeling.
We can also say that her character
represents the motherland who suffers
from the hands of colonizers.
Pilosopo Tasio A well-educated man, who does not
believe in those who says that the friars
should be worshipped. He is one of the
characters that might represent Rizal’s
submission to the colonizers, Tasio
symbolizes those people who think before
getting into action, and considers the
government’s authority because he knew
for a fact that action without a concrete
plan will only end in more suffering.
Dona Victorina Her character only shows ambitiousness
of oneself. She tries her best to fit into a
society that will never welcome her as
theirs because she is never born Spanish.
She is one of those who have distorted
view of their identity. Everything that is
foreign, is superior and above what or
who is on our native land.
Basilio His character to the novel Noli Me
Tangere is a young boy who witnessed
how the church dominates the native
people and rule the religion saying things
that are not even based with facts.
ACTIVITY 1

Response and Reflection

Based on the output from the first activity, work individually and reflect on your
material. Imagine that you are writing a letter to Jose Rizal. Try to explain to him
the differences and similarities you can point out. In your letter, tell Rizal your
thoughts about the following questions:

1. What are the three most salient problems that Philippine society is facing today?

2. What factors contribute to the persistence of these problems?

3. What should be done to address these problems?

Dear Dr. Jose’ Rizal,
Dear Dr. Jose’ Rizal,
Dear Dr. Jose’ Rizal,

I am very honored and glad to talk to you during this time. Eventhough you
sacrificed yourself to freed us from the Spaniards, still this country facing a lot of
problems. One of the problems that Philippines are facing right now is corruption.
During these hard times of pandemic, corruption is still raging.

Corruption continues to exist in different forms involving different participants

especially in our government. The best known form is obviously bribes paid by
private individuals or companies to public officials to make their operation possible
or to continue their operation without any hustle. However, the corruption is already
institutionalized in the country; it might appear as well within the civil service. A
lack of respect for human life from conception to natural death and a lack of respect
for the environment is something that was not valued by those people who had
such selfishness on the natural resources without thinking and respecting the
nature anymore. Lack of job opportunities, inequalities in income distribution
and access to productive resources, basic social services, and opportunities
are the major factors contributing to extreme poverty. It is heartbreaking to see
situations where the poor becomes even poor and the rich continue to
become rich for their wrong doings and acts. It is funny to think but we have to tell
people that they must plant corn rather than marijuana.

The eradication of poverty and corruption on all its forms are two major things
that our country must achieve. There must be a cooperation and hand in hand help
to every one of us. We must focus more on what is really needed to improve in the
quality of lives of every Filipino people. Focus more on the
development on the field of medicine, agriculture, and technology and
abolishing corruption rather than politician’s name beautification.
 Truly Yours’
Rio John Bautista

Activity 1:

Filipinos being Indolence

(A Reflection paper on The Indolence of the Filipinos by Dr. Jose Rizal)

According to Merriam Webster Dictionary, Indolence is an inclination to laziness.

It is an act on which a certain individual is lazy in doing his/her job for a certain reason.

We Filipinos are not indolence citizens. We are fund of doing many things for our
own development. Upon reading Dr. Jose Rizal’s exploratory essay entitled “The
Indolence of the Filipinos,” I can say that all the information provided by Rizal is true
and believable. His reasons have a strong point in giving ideas why Filipinos during the
Spaniards times are indolence. I do not believe that indolence is an inherit trait among
the Filipinos because Filipinos are industrious individuals. Before the Spaniards came
here, our economic activities are successful. Filipinos are able to harvest crops and to
their chores without even thinking to stop. Through Dr. Jose Rizal’s essay, there are a
lot of significant lessons that can be taken. Indeed, Filipinos has this indolence attitude if
we shift the focus to the social context. Why do Filipinos hardly follow simple traffic
rules? Why do we pursue on arguments even though we know that it isn't right? Why
can't we fall in line in buying our favorite food? I guess this is what Rizal is trying to
address to all of us. In order to attain progress in our country, it should start in simple
things before focusing on the complex ones. It made me realize that I too should be
responsible of my own actions and make sure that those actions will benefit not only me
as an individual but the Filipino citizens in general. This essay should be our guide to
lead the country to its full progress and promote common good to our fellow
countrymen.
ACTIVITY I: MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE

Write TRUE if the statement is valid and FALSE if otherwise. If the statement is FALSE,
underline the word(s) that make it wrong and write the correct answer.

TRUE 1. No one was allowed to use the red potong until he had killed at least one man.

FALSE; 27,000-29,000 years ago2. Laguna de Bay has been in existence since 16th
century.

TRUE 3. Pinakas nga daku is also laulau.

FALSE 4. Bejucos serves as the money of the natives.

TRUE 5. The most certain antidotes are certain small flies or insects, of a red color,
found in the islands of Pintados.

TRUE 6. The Visayans are skillfull in navigation and eager for war and raids.

FALSE; declining health for several years 7. Father Thomas Montova died because of the
poison inflicted by the pagan Boholanos.

TRUE 8. Daimyos are regarded as the most precious jewels of Japanese household
furniture.

TRUE 9. The people in the islands of Bisayas are also called Pintados.

TRUE 10. The native’s weapon consists of cutlasses, carasas, and shields.
ACTIVITY 2: Critical Reading

Read the following excerpts from Rizal’s annotations of Morga’s Sucesos de las Islas
Filipinas. Answer the questions that follow.

Questions

1. In Excerpt 1, what impression of the Filipinos do you get from reading Morga’s
description of the type of food the native’s eat? Which particular phrase gives you this
impression?

Based on Morga’s description, Filipino’s taste when it comes to food is rare

because of the phrase “They prefer meat and fish, saltfish which begin to decompose
and smell. “ It may be unique from other nation’s preference but this is because Filipinos
are resourceful and they tend to use the things that are available around them.

2. What is Rizal’s purpose in writing an annotation about the food preferences of the
English, Spaniards, and Chinese?

Rizal’s purpose is to inform that in every nation there different kind of food
preferences. It is based on what they have as their resources and of course on their
culture. Some may like what English eats and some may not same as with other nations.
It is basically explained that what is rare from the other can be just be normal for some.

3. In Excerpt 2. How did Morga portray the Filipinos?

 Based on Morga Filipinos usually build walls between them and those who are
stronger than them that they cannot tolerate. They tend to isolate themselves from
those who are superior from them that may harm them and affect their lives because
that is what they think is safe for them.