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Calculation of PH Buffer Solution

This document provides three examples of calculating the pH of buffer solutions. Example 1 calculates the pH of a 0.30 M NH3/0.36 M NH4Cl buffer and the pH after adding NaOH. Example 2 calculates the pH of a buffer made from mixing NH3 and NH4Cl solutions. Example 3 calculates the pH of a 0.8 M HF/0.2 M NaF buffer initially and after adding HCl or NaOH.

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miz wahiey
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119 views

Calculation of PH Buffer Solution

This document provides three examples of calculating the pH of buffer solutions. Example 1 calculates the pH of a 0.30 M NH3/0.36 M NH4Cl buffer and the pH after adding NaOH. Example 2 calculates the pH of a buffer made from mixing NH3 and NH4Cl solutions. Example 3 calculates the pH of a 0.8 M HF/0.2 M NaF buffer initially and after adding HCl or NaOH.

Uploaded by

miz wahiey
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Calculation of pH buffer solution

Example 1 Example 2
Calculate the pH of the 0.30 M NH3/0.36 M A buffer solution is prepared by mixing 100cm^3
NH4Cl buffer system. What is the pH after the
aqueous NH3 0.1 mol dm^-3 with 100cm^3
addition of 20.0 mL of 0.050M NaOH to 80.0 mL
of the buffer solution? NH4Cl 1.0 mol dm^-3. Given that Kb for NH3 =
(pKa= 9.25) 1.74 x 10^-5

NH4+ (aq) H+ (aq) + NH3 (aq) 1. Calculate pH of buffer solution?

100cm^3 0.1 M NH3 + 100cm^3 1.0 M NH4Cl


[ NH 3]
pH = pKa + log
¿¿ Total volume : 200cm^3
[0.30]
pH = 9.25 + log
pH = pKa + log [ NH 3 ]
[0.36]
= 9.17 ¿¿
Kb = 1.74 x 10-5
NH4+(aq) OH-(aq) H2O(l) + NH3(aq) pKb = 4.76
pKa = 14 – pKb = 9.24
start (moles) 0.029 0.001 0.024
end (moles) 0.028 0.0 0.025 0.1
[NH3] = = 0.5M
0.2
final volume = 80.0 mL + 20.0 mL 1
[NH4Cl] = = 5M
= 100 mL 0.2
[0. 5]
pH = 9.24 + log
0.028 mol [5]
[NH4+] = = 0.28 M
0.10 L pH = 8.24

0.025
[NH3] = = 0.25 M
0.10

[0.25]
pH = 9.25 + log = 9.20
[0.28]
Example 3

Consider 1.0 L of a solution which is 0.8 M HF and 0.2 M NaF (Ka for HF =7.2 x 10-4).

1. Calculate the pH of this solution

log [ NaF]
pH = pKa + Ka = 7.2 x 10-4
[ HF ]
pKa = 3.14
log[ 0.2]
pH = 3.14 +
[0.8 ]
= 2.54

2. Calculate the pH after 0.10 mol of HCl has been added to the original solution. Assume no volume
change on addition of HCl.

Addition of 0.10 mole of HCl will produce 0.10 mole of HF and reduce the moles of F- by 0.10 mole

[HF] = 0.8 M + 0.1 M = 0.9 M


[F-] = 0.2 M - 0.1 M = 0.1 M
log[ 0.1]
pH = 3.14+
[0.9]
pH = 2.19

3. Calculate the pH after 0.20 mol of NaOH has been added to the original buffer solution.. Assume no
volume change on addition of NaOH.

Addition of 0.20 mole of NaOH will produce 0.20 mole of NaF and reduce the moles of HF by 0.20 mole

[HF] = 0.8 M - 0.2 M = 0.6 M


[F-] = 0.2 M + 0.2 M = 0.4 M
log [0.4]
pH = 3.14+
[0.6]
pH = 2.96

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