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    FuRiLaX 4Ever
    This article discusses genetic mutations in plants and humans over generations. It focuses on mutations found in the Thale Cress plant, finding about 20 base pair mutations across 30 generations of five lines. For humans, studies found between 100-200 new mutations per individual, which could amount to around 780 billion new mutations across generations of the growing human population. These mutations may provide advantages or disadvantages when subjected to natural selection, contributing to genetic diversity and evolution within species over long time periods. The article aims to show that species' genotypes and phenotypes are not fixed, and evolution can occur within populations through this genetic drift and natural selection over time.

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    This article discusses genetic mutations in plants and humans over generations. It focuses on mutations found in the Thale Cress plant, finding about 20 base pair mutations across 30 generations of five lines. For humans, studies found between 100-200 new mutations per individual, which could amount to around 780 billion new mutations across generations of the growing human population. These mutations may provide advantages or disadvantages when subjected to natural selection, contributing to genetic diversity and evolution within species over long time periods. The article aims to show that species' genotypes and phenotypes are not fixed, and evolution can occur within populations through this genetic drift and natural selection over time.

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    Thèse anglais biologie

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    This article discusses genetic mutations in plants and humans over generations. It focuses on mutations found in the Thale Cress plant, finding about 20 base pair mutations across 30 generations of five lines. For humans, studies found between 100-200 new mutations per individual, which could amount to around 780 billion new mutations across generations of the growing human population. These mutations may provide advantages or disadvantages when subjected to natural selection, contributing to genetic diversity and evolution within species over long time periods. The article aims to show that species' genotypes and phenotypes are not fixed, and evolution can occur within populations through this genetic drift and natural selection over time.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    37 views2 pages

    DNL SVT

    Uploaded by

    FuRiLaX 4Ever
    This article discusses genetic mutations in plants and humans over generations. It focuses on mutations found in the Thale Cress plant, finding about 20 base pair mutations across 30 generations of five lines. For humans, studies found between 100-200 new mutations per individual, which could amount to around 780 billion new mutations across generations of the growing human population. These mutations may provide advantages or disadvantages when subjected to natural selection, contributing to genetic diversity and evolution within species over long time periods. The article aims to show that species' genotypes and phenotypes are not fixed, and evolution can occur within populations through this genetic drift and natural selection over time.

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    DNL 

    : SVT Work ( « Good Mutations : Stalking evolution through Genetic Mutations in Plants.

    This document, titled ‘’Good Mutations : Stalking evolution through Genetic Mutations in Plants’’
    was written by the famous writer and journalist Katherine Harmon and published on the first of
    January 2010 in the ‘’Scientific American’’ , an American science magazine.
    This scientific article considers the evolution of living beings’ and more specifically plants’ genetic
    mutations over time.
    The first part of the article deals with a special humble weed , the Thales Cress (or scientific name :
    Arbidopsis thaliana) which has one of the ‘’smallest genomes in the plant kingdom’’. This plant has,
    indeed, only 120 million base pairs in its genome whereas humans’ genome is (generally) composed
    of about 2.9 billion base pairs. Nevertheless , these 120 million base pairs still ‘’pack plenty of genetic
    mystique’’ that remain nowadays unknown for the human knowledge. Many scientists are working
    on this subject so as to understand the evolutionary history of plants that would allow to improve
    selective breeding (mostly for plants).
    This article also explains and gives the results of a recent study about genetic changes of five
    different lines of this plant across 30 generations. It shows, after comparison, that only (about) 20
    base pairs had mutated in each line’s genome (across 30 generations).
    In the second part, this article presents scientific datas (results taken from scientists and studies)
    about the human genetic drift which concerns , according to Weigel ‘’about 60 of new mutations that
    weren’t present in our parents’’. A study published in Current Biology in August 2010 , shows that
    there are between 100 and 200 new mutations per individual (among the generations). All of these
    two averages lead to the same conclusion : at first sight, these mutations could be considered as
    being minor and unimportant, but considering that we are more than 7,8 billions humans on Earth (6
    when the article was written) , the impact of these couple of dozens mutations on the Human specie
    when applied to each individual could be huge.

    Even if the natural selection process usually works on longer timescales (sometimes geological ages),
    with for example an average of 100 new mutations per individual, for each generation , we would
    have about 780 billion new mutations. This important genetic drift could lead to new combinations,
    conferring some advantages or disadvantages (Underline during the presentation the natural
    selection) to the individuals and spreading among the Human specie. These new combinations would
    contribute to the humanity’s evolution, genetic diversity and infraspecific biodiversity.

    The article is meant to show and to convince us that species’ phenotypes and genotypes aren’t
    frozen or fixed and that an evolution could happen anytime within the human specie or any other
    living being specie.
    Voc (JUST FOR ME)

    Genetic drift : (Voir cours)

    Natural selection : (Voir cours)

    Genotype : the genetic constitution of an individual organism

    Phenotype : all the characteristics of a living thing, especially the qualities that you can
    see, for example the color of the hair and eyes, the weight, etc.

    Base pairs : pairs of nucleotides connecting the complementary strands of a molecule of


    DNA and consisting of a purine linked to a pyrimidine by hydrogen bonds

    Mutation : the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may
    be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in
    DNA, or the deletion, insertion, or rearrangement of larger sections of genes or
    chromosomes.

    Humble weed : a plant of arid regions which breaks off near the ground in late summer,
    forming light globular masses which are tumbled about by the wind.

    Genotype : the haploid set of chromosomes in a gamete or microorganism, or in each cell of a


    multicellular organism.

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