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    Laser Diffraction Physics Project: Submitted By, Disha Dinesh

    Uploaded by

    Nidalee
    This document describes a physics experiment to measure the thickness of hair using laser diffraction. The experiment involves shining a laser at a hair sample taped to a frame and measuring the diffraction pattern on a wall. The distance between diffraction bands and the laser wavelength are used to calculate the hair thickness. Testing of black and blonde hair samples found thicknesses of 8.779 x 10-5 m and 6.505 x 10-5 m respectively. The document outlines the aim, theory, procedure, observations, results, sources of error and bibliography of the experiment.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Laser Diffraction Physics Project: Submitted By, Disha Dinesh

    Uploaded by

    Nidalee
    533 views11 pages
    This document describes a physics experiment to measure the thickness of hair using laser diffraction. The experiment involves shining a laser at a hair sample taped to a frame and measuring the diffraction pattern on a wall. The distance between diffraction bands and the laser wavelength are used to calculate the hair thickness. Testing of black and blonde hair samples found thicknesses of 8.779 x 10-5 m and 6.505 x 10-5 m respectively. The document outlines the aim, theory, procedure, observations, results, sources of error and bibliography of the experiment.

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    Laser Diffraction

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    This document describes a physics experiment to measure the thickness of hair using laser diffraction. The experiment involves shining a laser at a hair sample taped to a frame and measuring the diffraction pattern on a wall. The distance between diffraction bands and the laser wavelength are used to calculate the hair thickness. Testing of black and blonde hair samples found thicknesses of 8.779 x 10-5 m and 6.505 x 10-5 m respectively. The document outlines the aim, theory, procedure, observations, results, sources of error and bibliography of the experiment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    533 views11 pages

    Laser Diffraction Physics Project: Submitted By, Disha Dinesh

    Uploaded by

    Nidalee
    This document describes a physics experiment to measure the thickness of hair using laser diffraction. The experiment involves shining a laser at a hair sample taped to a frame and measuring the diffraction pattern on a wall. The distance between diffraction bands and the laser wavelength are used to calculate the hair thickness. Testing of black and blonde hair samples found thicknesses of 8.779 x 10-5 m and 6.505 x 10-5 m respectively. The document outlines the aim, theory, procedure, observations, results, sources of error and bibliography of the experiment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    LASER DIFFRACTION

    Physics project

                          Submitted by,


    Disha Dinesh.
    INDEX

    Serial no. Content Page no.


    1. Introduction 1

    2. Aim 2

    3. Materials Required 2

    4. Theory 2

    5. Procedure 3

    6. Observations 4

    7. Result 5

    8. Conclusion 5

    9. Sources of error and Precautions 6

    10. Time stamp 7

      11. Bibliography 8
                           INTRODUCTION

    Diffraction refers to various phenomena that occur when


    a wave encounters an obstacle or a slit.
     It is defined as the bending of waves around the corners of an obstacle
    or aperture into the region of geometrical shadow. The effects of
    diffraction are often seen in everyday life.
    Diffraction in the atmosphere by small particles can cause a bright ring
    to be visible around a bright light source like the sun or the moon.
     A shadow of a solid object, using light from a compact source, shows
    small fringes near its edges. 
    The speckle pattern which is observed when laser light falls on an
    optically rough surface is also a diffraction phenomenon. 
    All these effects are a consequence of the fact that light propagates as
    a wave.
                                
                                

    1
    EXPERIMENT
    AIM: To measure the thickness of hair using by using the method of
    laser diffraction (laser beam whose wavelength is known).
    MATERIALS REQUIRED:
     Laser
     Measuring Tape
     Sample hair
     Scotch Tape
     Paper
    THEORY: When a laser encounters an object, it becomes distorted
    resulting in diffraction, or the bending of light. In this experiment, a
    piece of human hair is used to demonstrate the process. Each fringe
    created by the diffraction is measured to find the diameter of the hair.

    Light can act as a wave, and when it encounters an object it splits into
    regular patters of lines. The size of the pattern from this diffraction is
    related to the size of the object that caused the scatter. Hence by
    measuring the size of the light scatter we can find the width of a given
    hair sample.

                                    .`. D= mƛ / sinӨ
    2

    PROCEDURE:
    1. Make a frame that can hold your hair, cut a square of cardboard
    about 15 centimeters wide, and then cut a small rectangle inside
    it, about 2x4 centimeter.
    2. Take a human hair. Make sure it is long enough to tape at both
    ends of your inside rectangle.
    3. Tape the hair, as tight as you can, at the top and bottom of your
    frame, so that the hair runs through the middle of the inside
    cutout.
    4. In a dark room, a meter away from a blank wall. Hold up the
    frame with your hair, and shine a laser pointer at the wall from
    just behind the hair, making sure it hits the hair along the way.
    5. You will see the light scatter to the sides as you hit the hair with
    your laser pointer.
    6. Measure the distance from your hair to the wall where you are
    shining your pointer in (cm).
    7. Check the wavelength of light produced by your laser pointer.
    Usually this is listed on the laser pointer itself.
    8. Measure the light scatter on the wall, i.e. distance between the
    two dark lines (in cm).

    3
    OBSERVATION:
    Wavelength of laser used                                    = 650 nm
    Distance from laser pointer to wall/screen      = L cm
    Number of bright bands                                      = M
    Length of bright central band                             = X
    Width of hair                                                          = D m

     
    SlNO HAIR M L(cm) X D(m) AVERAGE

    8.387 x 8.779 x
    1 BLACK 12 19.2 cm 205.5cm 10¯⁵m 10¯⁵m

    9.17  x
        8 16.7cm 244.5cm 10¯⁵m  

    BLOND 6.366 x 6.505 x


    2 E 10 17cm 166.5cm 10¯⁵m 10¯⁵m

        6 13.5cm 230cm 6.64 x 10¯⁵m  

           4
    RESULTS:
    Therefore, the width of the two different types of hair are:-

    S NO HAIR WIDTH(m)

    1 BLACK 8.779 x 10¯⁵

    2 BLONDE 6.505 x 10¯⁵

    CONCLUSION:
    The black hair is 8.779 x 10¯⁵ m thick and the blonde hair is 6.505 x
    10¯⁵ m thick.
     

    5
    PRECAUTIONS :
    1. Do not look at the laser beam.
    2. Do not point the laser at anybody directly to the eyes.
    3. Do not point the laser beam at any reflecting surface such as
    mirror etc.

        SOURCES OF ERROR :
    1. Diffraction of laser light may differ due to dust particles present
    in the path of the light.
    2. The ruler may not have accurate markings.

                     

    TIME STAMP
    Experiment
    Research
    Project report
    BIBILIOGRAPHY

    1)https://prezi.com/vjpuggcbw_wg/measuring-diameter-of-the-hair-
    using-diffraction-principle/?webgl=0

    2)http://physicsed.buffalostate.edu/pubs/StudentIndepStudy/EURP09/Y
    oung/Young.html

    3)https://www.exploratorium.edu/snacks/diffraction/

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