Thato Mathogojane cis09-136

COMPUTER NETWORKS ASSIGNMENT

NETWORK DESIGN PROPOSAL

THATO MATHOGOJANE

CIS09-136
Thato Mathogojane cis09-136

STUDENT DECLARATION

Student ID: Cis09-136

Student Name: Thato Mathogojane

Module Name: Computer Networks (CN)

Tutor: Nkosinathi Mpofu

I confirm that this is my own work and that I have not plagiarized any part of it. I have also noted
the assessment criteria and pass mark for assignments.

Due Date: 28/04/11

Student Signatures:

Submitted Date:
Thato Mathogojane cis09-136
Thato Mathogojane cis09-136

PART A:

The Open Systems Interconnection model defines the computer communications and network
protocol design implementing protocols in seven layers which are:
 application,
 presentation,
 session,
 transport,
 network,
 data link
 Physical layer.(this is according to www.buzzle.com and this site states that each of this
layers has its specific task)

According to www.en.kioskea.net/contents/internet/icmp.php3 the Internet model also

describes the general design guidelines and implementations of specific networking protocols to
enable computers to communicate over a network, it provides end to end connectivity specifying
how data should be formatted, addressed, transmitted, routed and received at the destination. It
consists of four layers which are:
 Link layer,
 internet layer,
 transport layer
 Application layer.
The functionality of the layers in this two models is almost similar though there are few
differences below is how the osi model corresponds to the internet model

1. The Physical layer: this layer is concerned with physical data transmissions, hardware
specification and the topology design used in the network. It corresponds to the network
layer of the internet model as both layers define the physical medium used in the network
for data transmission. this is according to www.cellsoft.de/telecom/tcpip.htm

2. The data link layer: this layer is responsible for providing end to end validity of the data
being transmitted and it defines requirements for the physical layer, it is divided into two
sub layers which are the:
 Media Access Control which determines the physical address of
the host. and
 Logical Link control which is responsible for synchronizing
frames, error checking and flow control
The data link layer corresponds to the network layer of the Internet model, both layers
provides
 error detection and packet framing
This is according to www.buzzle.com
Thato Mathogojane cis09-136

3. www.interfacebus.com mention that the Network layer: is responsible for managing

logical addressing information in the packets and the delivery of those packets to the
correct destination, routing of data(path determination). This layer corresponds to the
internet layer of the Internet model as they are both concerned with:
 manages addressing of packets and delivery of packets(packet
routing)
 fragmentation of packets so that they can be dealt with by other
layers
 datagram encapsulation
4. Transport layer: this layer corresponds to the transport layer of the internet model.
These layers do
 manages the connection between networked applications
 segmentation and reassembly i.e. placing segments in order if they
are received out of order
 manages potential transmission errors( from dlc.sun.com)

5. Session layer: this layer allows session establishment between processes running on
different machines it provides maintenance and termination of connections called
sessions between application processes, also it provides the function that allows the
processes to communicate over a network. This layer corresponds to the application layer
of the internet model they both :
 manages the connections between cooperating applications
6. Presentation layer: this layer defines the format of data handled by the application layer;
it corresponds to the Application layer of the internet model. Both layers deals with:
 data encryption and decryption
 data compression
 data translation
7. Application layer: this layer provides interface with applications used by the user it
corresponds to Application layer of the internet model as both models:
 Defines standard network services
 Defines compatible representations of all the data
 Provides functions for users or their programs and is highly
specific to the application being performed

The table below shows protocols used at each layers according to

http://dlc.sun.com/osol/docs/content/SYSADV3/ipqos-reference-1.html
OSI LAYER TCP/IP layer Protocols used
equivalence
Thato Mathogojane cis09-136

Application Application  NFS

 Domain Name S
Presentation  Telnet
 Ftp
Session
 RIP
 SNMP
 TFTP
 SMTP
 DHCP
Transport Transport  Transmission Control Protocol
 UDP
 SCTP
Network Internet  IPv4

 IPv6

 ARP

 ICMP

 RARP

 ICMP

Data link Network access  PPP

Physical
 IEEE 802.2

 Ethernet (IEEE 802.3)

 Token Ring

 RS-232

 FDDI
Thato Mathogojane cis09-136
Thato Mathogojane cis09-136

Part B

BUSINESS REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS

Being a small institution that specializes in information technology and business courses the
Botswana business school requires a computer network to be installed in their premises since
they have been using stand alone computers. The institution consists of several departments with
different requirements and the community consists of students, staff members who are the
stakeholders in this business requirement analysis.

The school wants to enjoy the advantages of computer networking so they have made the
following requirements:

 Band width no less than 10 Mbps

 Video conferencing facilities
 secure communication lines and a large server for the accounting department
 2 large servers for the lecturers department
 Access to a mail server, an intranet server, an application server and a network storage
 Access to networked printers
 Web server
 Wireless LAN for Francistown campus

The school need all the requirements above as a way to upgrade their computer system, the new
system is expected to be secure as some departments deals with large sums of money, also it
should be able to register students online. Other requirements include new computers for staff
members with an operating system that meets their requirements. The school has two compasses’
one in Gaborone and the other one Francistown these two needs to be connected. To achieve all
the requirements the finance manager stated that they have a limited budget and the equipments
should be supplied by www.dabs.co.uk since she can get a discount on large orders.
Thato Mathogojane cis09-136

Physical topology

Building A will have more equipment with servers in room S1. Fire proof cables will be used as
the networking media to prevent damage in case of fire out breaks. Cables from one room to the
other will be run through the roof each lab will have 20 computers connected to a printer and a
Firewall will be put in place to secure the network from eavesdropping.

Equipments analysis

COMPONENT QTY
Windows 7 ultimate operating 1
system
projector 2
Web cam 2
Desktop computers 220
Mail server 2
Intranet server 2
Switch 23
Cat 5e cables 300
Microsoft office 2007 1
packages
Application server 2
1000 watts speakers 2
Thato Mathogojane cis09-136

The logical topology

Management:

Computers in this department are connected to a switch which connects to another switch in
building A via a wireless connection the second switch then connects to the network server

Network server
Computers

Switch

Wireless
access point
switch

Secretary: computers here are connected to a switch which is then connected to another switch
then connects to the server
switch
pc pc Printer

pc

Network server

pc switch
Thato Mathogojane cis09-136

Accounting: computers here are connected to switch whist is connected to the server that works
only with computers in this department. The server is then connected to a network server via a
switch

pc Network server
pc

pc

pc switch Switch

server
Thato Mathogojane cis09-136

Lecturers: the computers here are connected to the two servers through a switch and the servers
are connected to the network server

Lecturer’s computers
switch

Network server

Two servers

Switch

The Botswana Business School Network connects to the internet using DSL modems with
speeds 10Mbps and above and the internet service provider is the local telecommunication
company that is Botswana Telecommunications corporation and the two branches are connected
via a satellite
Thato Mathogojane cis09-136

IP ADDRESSING

5 subnets are needed for the Gaborone branch and 1 for Francistown branch so to get 6 subnets
in class C 3 bits are borrowed giving the subnet mask 255.255.255.224

The first subnet can be

198.19.2.2/27

department Subnet mask IP Address

A 255.255.255.224 198.19.2.2/27
B 255.255.255.224 198.19.2.3/27
C 255.255.255.224 198.19.2.4/27
D 255.255.255.224 198.19.2.6/27
E 255.255.255.224 198.19.2.7/27

Network Justification

Most of the cables used are unshielded twisted pairs but cables like fiber optics could have been
used because they have a high bandwidth thus high speed
Thato Mathogojane cis09-136

REFERENCES

http://en.wikipeida.org/wiki/internet.protocl.suite

www.studynotes.net

www.buzzle.com

www.internetworking.com

www.cellsoft.de/telecom/tcpip.html

www.en.kioskea.net/contents/internet/icmp.php3

www.interfacebus.com

Andrew S. Tanenbaum, Computer Networks, Fourth Edition