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Hazard
A hazard is anything that has the potential to cause harm.
Or Source, situation or act that has the potential to cause harm or injury to people, or damage to
property or the environment
For a hazard to cause harm, a hazardous event must happen
Definitions
The likelihood / Probability is the chance that the hazardous event will occur
Consequence / severity is the outcome of the hazardous event
Risk is the combination of the

likelihood of a hazardous event occurring, and the consequence of the event
Risk = Likelihood(Probability) x Consequence(Severity)
Types of Hazards
A common way to classify hazards is by category:
Biological - bacteria, viruses, insects, plants, birds, animals, and humans, etc.,
Chemical - depends on the physical, chemical and toxic properties of the chemical,
Ergonomic - repetitive movements, improper set up of workstation, etc.,
Physical - radiation, magnetic fields, pressure extremes (high pressure or vacuum), noise, etc.,
Psychosocial - stress, violence, etc.,
Safety - slipping/tripping hazards, inappropriate machine guarding, equipment malfunctions or

breakdowns.
Why We Need to Conduct Risk Assessment?
1- Moral
To Protect and Prevent any undesired events / incidents to :
Personnel, Environment, Society, Equipment, Assets, Materials, etc.
2- Legal Regulatory and other Requirements
I. Egyptian Ministry of Labor Ministerial Decree 134/2003 Articles #5
II. Egyptian Law #12/2003, Chapter #4 Article #3
III. ISO45001:2018 Clause 6.1.2
IV. Regulation 3 of the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 (UK)
V. OSHA 1910.132(d)(1)
3- Financial / Economical
Improve production by reducing unplanned outages, stoppages, Improve reputation.
3. Risk Assessment and Management
Purpose of Risk Assessment
Ensures that risks to people, property and the environment are assessed and controlled to
acceptable standards.
A risk assessment should be suitable and sufficient:
Identify significant hazards/risks.
Identify and prioritise measures taken to safeguard people and property.
Identify people at risk
Be proportionate to the risks in the workplace.
Specific risk assessments
Dynamic vs. Formal Risk Assessments

Responsibilities
An effective risk assessment process depends on clear allocation of responsibilities of:
Operational managers / Site Managers and Supervisors.
The Site EHS Representative.
Employees.
As a Operational managers / Site Managers and Supervisors, you must:
– Ensure that systems and control measures are in place to manage the risks associated with your
processes.
– Ensure that the hazards, risks and controls are communicated to and understood by those
affected.
– Provide feedback to senior management on the effectiveness of the risk mitigation measures.
When to Conduct a Risk Assessment
When required by legislation.
For all new engineering design work and specifications.
For all site activities that could be considered hazardous.

When required by a PTW.
So as Operational managers / Site Managers and Supervisors, if you modify your activity, you must
modify the Risk Assessment
When to Conduct a Risk Assessment
A risk assessment must be undertaken before the commencement of the activity.
Who Should Carry Out a Risk Assessment?
Anyone responsible and competent for an activity carries out a risk assessment.
Everyone involved in the risk assessment process for high-risk activities must be competent.
Note: Specialist guidance should be sought from appropriate persons
Once the task is identified then
Five Steps of Risk Assessment
1 - Identify hazards.
2 - Identify people at risk.
3 - Evaluate risk, mitigation and suitability of precautions.
4 - Record and communicate findings.
5 - Periodically Review.
Step 1 - Identify Hazards:
Hazard Surveys
Job Safety Analysis or Task Analysis
Workplace Inspections (when possible)
Step 1 – Workplace inspection:
General planned inspections are conducted by the responsible manager:
Monthly in workshops and offices.
Weekly at site.
Inspection Checklist
Typical Topics:
• High Risk Activities;
• Housekeeping;
• Environmental issues;
• Traffic Routes;
• Chemical Safety;
• Machinery Safety;
• Electrical Safety;
Welfare.
Step 1 - Identify Hazards:
How will human behaviour affect the potential for harm?
Will hazards arising from workplace changes be identified?
Can there be new hazards from the interaction of existing activities that have already been
assessed?
Can hazards be engineered out at the design stage?

Step 2 – Identify People at Risk
Employees.
Contractors.
Lone workers.
Young people.
Third Party (Public, client,...)
Those with literacy difficulties.
Those with physical disabilities.
Pregnant women.
Step 2 – Identify People at Risk
Employees.
Contractors.
Lone workers.
Young people.
Third Party (Public, client,...)
Those with literacy difficulties.
Those with physical disabilities.
Pregnant women.
Step 3 – Evaluate Risk, Mitigation and Suitability of Precautions
Can the hazard be removed altogether or the work done in an area which removes the hazard?
Hierarchy of control:
Elimination.
Substitution.
Isolation.
Engineering control.
Administrative control.
Use of PPE.
Step 4 – Record and Communicate Findings
Findings of a risk assessment provide a statement of workplace hazards.
These are communicated to those carrying out the task.
Egyptian Labour law states that a Risk Mitigation Plan must be developed.
Step 4 – Record and Communicate Findings
The Supervisor must lead a briefing before the start of any task at risk.
Note: Pre-task risk assessments are supplementary to task-specific risk assessments – not a
substitute
Step 5 – Review
The training programme should cover:
Recognition of applicable hazardous for High Risk Activities.
Recognition of methods to mitigate High Risk Activities.
Instruction in the purpose and use of a Permit to Work procedure.
Site-specific lockout and tagout procedures for complex plant.
As a Site Manager, remember that you should:
Check the existence of a valid Risk Analysis for your current activity.
Apply the mitigation plan that exist in any relevant Risk Assessment (RA, Permit To Work, Lifting
Plan,…).
Inform / Train people concerned with High Risk activities / Mitigation plan.
Inform Hierarchy when modifications in activity may affect the Risk Assessment.

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Hazard

A hazard is anything that has the potential to cause harm.

For a hazard to cause harm, a hazardous event must happen

Consequence / severity is the outcome of the hazardous event

Risk is the combination of the

Risk = Likelihood(Probability) x Consequence(Severity)

A common way to classify hazards is by category:

Ergonomic - repetitive movements, improper set up of workstation, etc.,

Psychosocial - stress, violence, etc.,

Safety - slipping/tripping hazards, inappropriate machine guarding, equipment malfunctions or

To Protect and Prevent any undesired events / incidents to :

Personnel, Environment, Society, Equipment, Assets, Materials, etc.

2- Legal Regulatory and other Requirements

I. Egyptian Ministry of Labor Ministerial Decree 134/2003 Articles #5

II. Egyptian Law #12/2003, Chapter #4 Article #3

III. ISO45001:2018 Clause 6.1.2

Improve production by reducing unplanned outages, stoppages, Improve reputation.

3. Risk Assessment and Management

Purpose of Risk Assessment

A risk assessment should be suitable and sufficient:

Identify significant hazards/risks.

Identify and prioritise measures taken to safeguard people and property.

Identify people at risk

Be proportionate to the risks in the workplace.

Specific risk assessments

3. Risk Assessment and Management

Dynamic vs. Formal Risk Assessments

An effective risk assessment process depends on clear allocation of responsibilities of:

Operational managers / Site Managers and Supervisors.

The Site EHS Representative.

As a Operational managers / Site Managers and Supervisors, you must:

When to Conduct a Risk Assessment

When required by legislation.

For all new engineering design work and specifications.

For all site activities that could be considered hazardous.

When to Conduct a Risk Assessment

A risk assessment must be undertaken before the commencement of the activity.

Who Should Carry Out a Risk Assessment?

Note: Specialist guidance should be sought from appropriate persons

Once the task is identified then

Five Steps of Risk Assessment

2 - Identify people at risk.

3 - Evaluate risk, mitigation and suitability of precautions.

4 - Record and communicate findings.

Step 1 - Identify Hazards:

Job Safety Analysis or Task Analysis

Workplace Inspections (when possible)

Five Steps of Risk Assessment

Step 1 – Workplace inspection:

General planned inspections are conducted by the responsible manager:

Monthly in workshops and offices.

• High Risk Activities;

Five Steps of Risk Assessment

Step 1 - Identify Hazards:

How will human behaviour affect the potential for harm?

Will hazards arising from workplace changes be identified?

Can hazards be engineered out at the design stage?

Step 2 – Identify People at Risk

Third Party (Public, client,...)