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    Lab 10 Optics Intro - Bending Light Name - Jacqueline Vu - Lab Goals

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    The document summarizes a lab experiment on optics and light refraction. The goals are to: 1) Describe what happens to light when it shines on a medium. 2) Explain how the angle of light changes at the interface between two media. 3) Describe how wavelength affects refraction angle. 4) Explain why a prism creates a rainbow. The lab involves using an online simulation to study reflection, refraction, and critical angles when light passes between materials like air, water, glass, and mystery materials A and B. Key findings from the simulation include that refracted angles are closer to 0 degrees than incident angles, and critical angles can be used to

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    Lab 10 Optics Intro - Bending Light Name - Jacqueline Vu - Lab Goals

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    jacjac
    190 views6 pages
    The document summarizes a lab experiment on optics and light refraction. The goals are to: 1) Describe what happens to light when it shines on a medium. 2) Explain how the angle of light changes at the interface between two media. 3) Describe how wavelength affects refraction angle. 4) Explain why a prism creates a rainbow. The lab involves using an online simulation to study reflection, refraction, and critical angles when light passes between materials like air, water, glass, and mystery materials A and B. Key findings from the simulation include that refracted angles are closer to 0 degrees than incident angles, and critical angles can be used to

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    Based on the Bending Light Phet simulation

    Original Title

    Lab10 Optics Bending Light

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    The document summarizes a lab experiment on optics and light refraction. The goals are to: 1) Describe what happens to light when it shines on a medium. 2) Explain how the angle of light changes at the interface between two media. 3) Describe how wavelength affects refraction angle. 4) Explain why a prism creates a rainbow. The lab involves using an online simulation to study reflection, refraction, and critical angles when light passes between materials like air, water, glass, and mystery materials A and B. Key findings from the simulation include that refracted angles are closer to 0 degrees than incident angles, and critical angles can be used to

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    190 views6 pages

    Lab 10 Optics Intro - Bending Light Name - Jacqueline Vu - Lab Goals

    Uploaded by

    jacjac
    The document summarizes a lab experiment on optics and light refraction. The goals are to: 1) Describe what happens to light when it shines on a medium. 2) Explain how the angle of light changes at the interface between two media. 3) Describe how wavelength affects refraction angle. 4) Explain why a prism creates a rainbow. The lab involves using an online simulation to study reflection, refraction, and critical angles when light passes between materials like air, water, glass, and mystery materials A and B. Key findings from the simulation include that refracted angles are closer to 0 degrees than incident angles, and critical angles can be used to

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    You are on page 1of 6

    Lab 10 Optics Intro – Bending Light Name ____Jacqueline Vu_____

    Lab Goals

    A. Describe what happens to light when it shines on a medium.


    B. Explain light direction changes at the interface between two media and what
    determines the angle.
    C. Describe the effect of varying wavelength on the angle of refraction.
    D. Explain why a prism creates a rainbow.
    E. Apply Snell’s law to a laser beam incident on the interface between media.

    https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/bending-light/latest/bending-light_en.html

    Part1. Develop your understanding:


    1. Explore the Intro screen to find some things that happen when light rays shine into
    water. To turn on the light, press the red button. Experiment in the Intro screen
    using the tools to observe what happens to light when it shines on water.
    Use both the Ray and Wave models for light.

    2. Practice using the compass and the intensity measuring tool. Is the intensity of the
    light the same for all rays?
    Hint: to measure the angle accurately place the compass
    as shown:

    No, the intensity is not the same since a part of the


    light ray gets reflected back to the initial material with
    the maximum part of it getting refracted.
    3. Follow the explorations to become familiar with light travelling from one type of a
    medium to another.

    A. STUDY OF LAW OF REFLECTION OF LIGHT

    Top Material: Air Top Index of Refraction (n1): ___1.00__________


    Bottom Material: Water Bottom Index of Refraction (n2): ____1.33_________
    1. Flash the light at certain angle (with certain angle of incidence) so that light gets
    reflected and bounce back to the same medium with certain angle of reflection.
    2. After you complete the predictions, you can observe using the protractor and
    provide the observed reflected angle.

    Predicted Observed
    Trials Incident Angle ( Reflected Angle ( Reflected Angle( Comments

    30 30 25 The observed reflected angle


    1 is 10 degrees less than the
    predicted angles.
    35 35 30 The observed reflected angle
    2 is 5 degrees less than the
    predicted angles.
    45 45 45 Much easier to predict since I
    3 just split the dotted line and
    surface of the water in half.
    60 60 50 The observed reflected angle
    4 is 10 degrees less than the
    predicted angles.
    70 70 70 All the angles are the same
    5
    value.

    1. Draw the ray diagram here for at least two different incident angles. Just focus on the
    incident ray and reflected ray NOT the refracted ray, we will study law of refraction later
    on.

    RR
    IR IR 70 RR 70
    degrees degrees

    Incident ray & reflected ray


    both 30 degrees
    STUDY OF LAW OF REFRACTION OF LIGHT

    Top Material: Air Top Index of Refraction (n2): ____1.00_________


    Bottom Material: Water Bottom Index of Refraction (n1): ___1.33__________
    1. Flash the light at certain angle so that light gets refracted and passes from one
    medium to another medium. Do it for 5 different incident angles.
    Use the equations
    Use the equation to predict for

    2. After you complete the predictions, you can observe using the protractor and
    provide the observed refracted angle.

    Predicted Observed
    Trials Incident Angle ( Comments
    Reflected Angle ( Refracted Angle(
    1 20 27.06 15 The incident angle is 5
    degrees more than the
    refracted angle.
    2 30 41.68 25 The incident angle and
    observed refracted angle
    have the same relation as
    Trial 1’s.
    3 45 70.13 30 The predicted reflected angle
    is 1.5 times the incident
    angle.
    4 60 error 40 Once the incident angle gets
    to 60 degrees the predicted
    reflected angle does not
    come up from the equation.
    5 70 error 46 There is no predicted
    reflected angle from the
    equation for 70 degrees
    either. As the angle increases
    the same thing happens.

    3. Draw the ray diagram here for at least two different incident angles.

    IR at 20
    degrees

    IR at 45
    degrees
    Based on your data in the data tables, what patterns do you observe? Write at least
    three summary statements.

    The refracted angles are closer to 0 degrees than the incident angles are because the
    light bends as it hits the water. The predicted reflected angles are much higher than the
    incident angles that I predicted, increasing differences as I use the equation to solve the
    five different predicted reflected angles. Even with the incident angles at wide different
    ranges, the refracted angle distances are not that far apart from each other.

    TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION

    1. Refresh the sim. The material in the top half should be water, the material in the
    bottom half should be air, and the angle of incidence should be about 30°.

    2. Gradually increase the angle of incidence until i = 40°.


    Record the angles of reflection and refraction below.

    Angle of reflection = ……40……………°

    Angle of refraction = ……60……………°

    3. Keep increasing the angle of incidence until the angle of refraction is as close to 90°
    as you can get it.
    If you increase the angle of incidence further then the refracted ray will disappear.
    The angle when this happens is called the “critical angle” for water.
    Record the critical angle for water here:
    Critical angle for water = ……48…………°

    4. Return the angle of incidence to 0° and change the material in the top half to glass.
    Repeat step 3 to find the critical angle for glass.
    Record it here:

    Critical angle for glass = ……42……………°

    5. Repeat the process to find the critical angle for material Mystery A and Mystery B.
    Record the results here:
    Critical angle for Mystery A = __25____° Critical angle for Mystery B = __45_____°

    6. Put the critical angle results into the table below and complete the other columns
    using the instructions below the table.

    critical angle, C /
    Material sin (C) 1/sin(C) refractive index, n
    degrees
    Water 49 0.755 1.33 1.33
    Glass 42 0.669 1.49 1.50

    Mystery A 25 0.423 2.37 ?

    Mystery B 45 0.707 1.41 ?

    4. Get this number


    from the PhET sim
    (see example
    1. Get this 2. On a 3. Now press the below)
    number from calculator x–1 button.
    your work press the sin
    earlier on this button, then
    page type the
    critical
    angle, then
    press the =
    button.
    7. Look at the last two columns of the table and use what you see to suggest n for
    Mystery A and B.

    refractive index for Mystery A = ____2.40______________

    refractive index for Mystery B = _____1.41_____________

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