Basic Nutrition

Spring 2021
Revision Sheets

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Which of the following carbohydrates is the end product of photosynthesis? 1)

A) galactose. B) lactose. C) glucose. D) glycogen.

2) The type of carbohydrates that consist of only a single molecule are called: 2)

A) disaccharides. B) monosaccharides.
C) oligosaccharides. D) starches.

3) The primary function of liver glycogen is to.... 3)

A) maintain blood glucose. B) provide energy for digestion.

C) synthesize glycoproteins. D) store fat.

4) A disaccharide is formed by the chemical bonding of 4)

A) one monosaccharide and one polysaccharide.

B) two monosaccharides.
C) two oligosaccharides.
D) two polysaccharides.

5) Which of the following enzymes is found in the mouth? 5)

A) maltase. B) salivary amylase.

C) pancreatic amylase. D) lactase.

6) Insulin is synthesized and released by the 6)

A) gallbladder. B) brain. C) liver. D) pancreas.

7) How many Calories of energy does 33 gram of carbohydrate provide? 7)

A) 122. B) 132. C) 112. D) 142.

8) Which of the following substances is classified as a lipid? 8)

A) glycogen. B) alpha carbons. C) phosphates. D) steroid.

9) The MOST common lipids found in food are 9)

A) glycerols. B) triglycerides. C) sterols. D) phospholipids.

1
10) A triglyceride is comprised of 10)

A) three glycerols and one phospholipid. B) three fatty acids and one glycerol.
C) three phospholipids and one glycerol. D) three glycerols and one fatty acid.

11) Which of the following fatty acids is typically solid at room temperature? 11)

A) saturated. B) omega-3.
C) monounsaturated. D) polyunsaturated.

12) The process of adding hydrogen to an unsaturated fatty acid is called 12)

A) emulsification. B) hydrogenation. C) deamination. D) pressurization.

13) Diets high in trans fatty acids are MOST associated with 13)

A) increased blood cholesterol levels. B) osteoporosis.

C) decreased blood glucose levels. D) decreased cancer risk.

14) Which of the following lipids plays an important role in reducing a person's risk for heart 14)
disease?

A) alpha-linolenic acid. B) saturated fatty acid.

C) trans fatty acid. D) cholesterol.

15) What element makes protein different from carbohydrate and fat? 15)

A) carbon. B) nitrogen. C) hydrogen. D) oxygen.

16) Which part of an individual amino acid distinguishes it from other amino acids? 16)

A) central carbon. B) side chain. C) acid group. D) amine group.

17) The part of the protein molecule that carries nitrogen is the 17)

A) hydrogen group. B) amine group.

C) acid group. D) side chain.

18) The essential components needed to build a complete amino acid are 18)

A) carbon, an amine group, and an acid group.

B) a pentose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nucleotide.
C) carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
D) carbon, hydrogen, an amine group, an acid group, and a side chain.

19) Which of the following amino acids is essential? 19)

A) lysine. B) cysteine. C) glycine. D) arginine.

2
20) Which of the following amino acids is none-essential? 20)

A) leucine. B) alanine. C) lysine. D) valine.

21) Amino acids are joined together by which specific type of bond? 21)

A) lipase. B) peptide. C) disulfide. D) hydrogen.

22) You can store the following in your refrigerator: 22)

A) bananas. B) tomatoes. C) potatoes. D) spinach.

23) Which of the following are classified as micronutrients? 23)

A) vitamins and water. B) vitamins and minerals.

C) vitamins, minerals, and water. D) carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

24) A deficiency in which vitamin causes the disease beriberi? 24)

A) cobalamin B) niacin. C) thiamin. D) ascorbic acid.

25) The most common cause of vitamin toxicity is 25)

A) overapplication of vitamin A cream for acne.

B) overconsumption of cod liver oil.
C) overconsumption of nutritional supplements.
D) overconsumption of carrots.

26) Vitamins that are essential for healthy bones are: 26)

A) D, K & A. B) D, K & B6. C) D, K & B12. D) D, K & C.

27) You are reading a label and the ingredients list includes pyridoxine as an additive. Which 27)
vitamin has been added to this food?

A) vitamin A. B) vitamin B12. C) vitamin B6. D) vitamin C.

28) Which vitamin maintains the sheaths on nerve fibers 28)

A) vitamin B12. B) vitamin A C) vitamin C. D) vitamin B6.

29) One of the primary differences between vitamins and minerals is that 29)

A) minerals are compounds and vitamins are elements.

B) minerals are large molecules and vitamins are small molecules.
C) minerals are essential and vitamins are not.
D) minerals are inorganic and vitamins are organic.

3
30) Which of the following is classified as a major mineral? 30)

A) iodine. B) selenium. C) zinc. D) sulfur.

31) Which of the following is TRUE about iron? 31)

A) Iron is found in red blood cells and muscle cells.

B) The form of iron in plant foods is more easily absorbed than the form of iron in meat, poultry,
and fish.
C) Iron is an organic compound.
D) Iron is a major mineral.

32) Chromium has a role in 32)

A) vitamin D metabolism. B) energy metabolism.

C) vitamin C metabolism. D) potassium and magnesium metabolism.

33) Iodine deficiency can cause 33)

A) pancreatic retardation. B) liver retardation.

C) nerve retardation. D) mental retardation.

34) Water represents 34)

A) 70% of human body weight. B) 65% of human body weight.

C) 60% of human body weight. D) 50% of human body weight.

35) The recommended adequate sodium intake for young adults is 35)

A) 1500 mg. B) 1200 mg. C) 1300 mg. D) 1100 mg.