Iterative model

In this model of software development life cycle, the iterative method begins with a simple
execution of the small group of the requirements.Every release of the Iterative Model finishes
in an exact and fixed period that is called iteration. An iterative life cycle model doesn’t begin
with a complete set of requirements by the client, so it is easier to use.

The Iterative Model allows the accessing earlier phases, in which the variations made
respectively. The final output of the project renewed at the end of the Software Development
Life Cycle (SDLC) process.

When to use the Iterative Model?

• When requirements are defined clearly and easy to understand.

• When the software application is large.

• When there is a requirement of changes in future.

Advantage of Iterative Model

• Testing and debugging during smaller iteration is easy.

• A Parallel development can plan.

• It is easily acceptable to ever-changing needs of the project.

• Risks are identified and resolved during iteration.

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 • Limited time spent on documentation and extra time on designing.

Incremental Model
• Incremental Model is a process of software development where requirements
divided into multiple standalone modules of the software development cycle.

• In this model, each module goes through the requirements, analysis,design,

implementation,testing,deployment and maintenance phases

When we use the Incremental Model?

• When the requirements are superior.

• A project has a lengthy development schedule.

• When Software team are not very well skilled or trained.

• When the customer demands a quick release of the product.

• You can develop prioritized requirements first

Advantage of Incremental Model

• Errors are easy to be recognized.

• Easier to test and debug

• More flexible.

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 • Simple to manage risk because it handled during its iteration.

• The Client gets important functionality early.

Disadvantage of Incremental Model

• Need for good planning

• Total Cost is high.

• Well defined module interfaces are needed.

V- Model
• V-Model also referred to as the Verification and Validation Model(V-V).

• In this, each phase of SDLC must complete before the next phase starts. It follows a
sequential design process same as the waterfall model.

• Testing is planned in parallel with a corresponding stage of development

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 Verification and validation
Verification:

I t involves a static analysis method (review) done without executing code. It is the process of
evaluation of the product development process to find whether specified requirements meet.

Are we building the product right?

Validation:

I t involves dynamic analysis method (functional, non-functional), testing is done by executing

code. Validation is the process to classify the software after the completion of the development
process to determine whether the software meets the customer expectations and requirements.

Are we building the right product?

V-Model contains Verification phases on one side of the Validation phases on the other side.
Verification and Validation process is joined by coding phase in V-shape. Thus it is known as V-Model

When to use V-Model?

• When the requirement is well defined and not ambiguous.

• The V-shaped model should be used for small to medium-sized projects where requirements
are clearly defined and fixed.

• The V-shaped model should be chosen when technical resources are available with
essential technical expertise.

Advantage of V-Model
• Easy to Understand.

• Testing Methods like planning, test designing happens well before coding.

• This saves a lot of time. Hence a higher chance of success over the waterfall model.

• Works well for small plans where requirements are easily understood.

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 Disadvantage of V-Model

• Very rigid and least flexible.

• Not a good for a complex project.

• Software is developed during the implementation stage, so no early prototypes of the software
are produced.

• If any changes happen in the midway, then the test documents along with the required
documents, has to be updated

Agile Methodology

• Agile SDLC is a combination of iterative and incremental models.

• In Agile SDLC, the system or the product breaks down into small incremental builds.

• Each release carefully tested to make sure that the quality of the software maintained.

• Agile software model leveraged for time-critical software applications or apps.

• Agile methods break tasks into smaller iterations, or parts do not directly involve long term
planning.

• Each iteration is considered as a short time "frame" in the Agile process model, which typically
lasts from one to four weeks

• Each iteraton involves a team working through a full software development life cycle including
planning, requirements analysis, design, coding, and testing before a working product is
demonstrated to the client.

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Ekta Barlota 8983159233 ekta224286@gmail.com
 Reasons to Use this

● Teamwork and cross-training promoted.

● It provides flexibility to the programmers.
● Suitable for the projects while the requirements change gradually.
● Manage easily.
● Best fit for DevOps model projects
● It is best for changing or fixed requirements.

Advantages of Agile
● Frequent Delivery
● Face-to-Face Communication with clients.
● Efficient design and fulfils the business requirement.
● Anytime changes are acceptable.
● It reduces total development time.

Disadvantages Of Agile
● Due to the shortage of formal documents, it creates confusion and crucial decisions taken
throughout various phases can be misinterpreted at any time by different team members.

● Due to the lack of proper documentation, once the project completes and the developers
allotted to another project, maintenance of the finished project can become a difficulty.

Spiral model

● The spiral methodology merges the possibility of iterative improvement with some of
the controlled parts of the waterfall model.

● The spiral methodology merges the possibility of iterative improvement with some of the
controlled parts of the waterfall model.e iterative development model and the waterfall model.

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Advantages -

• Software is produced early in the software life cycle.

Risk handling is one of important advantages of the Spiral model, it is best development
model to follow due to the risk analysis and risk handling at every phase.

Flexibility in requirements. In this model, we can easily change requirements at later phases
and can be incorporated accurately. Also, additional Functionality can be added at a later
date.

• It is good for large and complex projects.

• It is good for customer satisfaction. We can involve customers in the development of

products at early phase of the software development. Also, software is produced early in the software
life cycle.

Strong approval and documentation control.

It is suitable for high risk projects, where business needs may be unstable. A highly customized
product can be developed using this.

Disadvantages

• It is not suitable for small projects as it is expensive.

• It is much more complex than other SDLC models. Process is complex.

• Too much dependable on Risk Analysis and requires highly specific expertise.

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• Difficulty in time management. As the number of phases is unknown at the start of the
project, so time estimation is very difficult.

• Spiral may go on indefinitely.

• End of the project may not be known early.

• It is not suitable for low risk projects.

• May be hard to define objective, verifiable milestones. Large numbers of intermediate

stages require excessive documentation.

when to use
• When cost and risk Analysis is important

• Medium to high risk project

• Long term commitment

• Complex reqd significant change expected

Phases of spiral

• Planning phase- BRD and SRS

• Risk Analysis- Identify risk and create prototype

• Engineering phase -Software development and Testing at each phase

• Evaluation phase- Allow customer to evaluate the output of project to date before the project

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 Questionaire

1. what is software testing

2. why you choose tester as your career

3.whois a good tester

4. whta is the difference between project and product

5.what is SDLC

6.what is a software project

7. With how many tester did you work in your project

8. what is static testing

9. what is dyanamic testing

10. difference between static and dynamic testing

11.when does testing start befoe or after coding

12. what is snapshot ?

13.Who create snapshot?

14. what is V model

15.what is iteration model

16. what is low level design

17 what is high level design

18. what is prototype

19. what is review ? Did you got a change to take part in it

20. what is gray , white, grey box testing

21. mention issues faced during your project

22. when do we use itterative model ?

23. difference between BRD and SRS ?

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24. tell me about your self

25. what is coding

26.what did you like most working on your project ?

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