Class 10 - Subject - Geography - Lesson - 1 - Textbook Exercise - Q.A. Date:-7-4-21

Class 10 – Subject – Geography – Lesson – 1 – Textbook exercise – Q.A.
Date :- 7-4-21
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Q.2 Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(i) Name three states having black soil and the crop which is mainly grown in it.
A The three states having black soil are Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra. The
crops, which mainly grown are cotton, tobacco and sugarcane.
(ii) What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the Eastern coast? Give three main features
of this type of soil.
A Alluvial soil is found in the river deltas of the Eastern coast. Three main features of this type
of soil are
(a) It is very fertile.
(b) It contains adequate proportion of potash, phosphoric acid and lime.
(c) It is more alkaline in the drier areas.
(iii) What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in the hilly areas? CBSE 2015
A Following steps should be taken to control soil erosion in the hilly areas
(a) Afforestation :- This is done by planting trees.
(b) Terrace farming and contour ploughing :- This is done across the hill slopes.
(c) Restricted grazing of animals :- Animals should be moved over different pastures so as to
avoid erosion of soil.
(d) Plugging of gullies:- By this method, gully erosion can be prevented.
(iv) What are the biotic and abiotic resources? Give some examples.
A Biotic resources All resources which are obtained from the biosphere and have life are known as
biotic resources e.g., forests, animals, birds, etc.
Abiotic resources All resources which are non-living, are called abiotic resources e.g. mineral
ores, petroleum, etc.
3 Answer the following questions in about 120 words.

(i) Explain land use pattern in India and why has the land under forest not increased much
since 1960-61?
A Land resources in India are primarily divided into agricultural land, forest land, land meant for
pasture and grazing, land for other non-agricultural use (such as housing, roads
and industry) and waste land (rocky, arid and desert areas). According to recent data
available, (2014-15) the percentage of Net Sown Area (NSA) in India is about 45.5% of the
total reporting area 23.3% is covered by forests and 3.38% is used for grazing. The rest is
waste land with traces of miscellaneous cultivation.
Land under forest has increased by only about 5 per cent since 1960-61 due to following
reasons
i) Improper use of forest land has degraded the available land area and made conservation
of forests difficult.
ii) Human activities such as deforestation, mining and quarrying have contributed to the
slow growth rate of forests.
(ii) How have technical and economic development led to more consumption of resources? .
A The following technical and economic development have led to more consumption of
resources
(a) Technological development has led to industrialisation which has increased the use of
natural resources.
(b) Technological development has converted the subsistence agriculture to commercial
agriculture and this has led to the over-utilisation of soil.
(c) Technological development has also improved the process of mining.
(d) The development of technology contributed to increase in production of quality goods
and provision of better services to the people.
(e} Economic development has led to increasing urbanisation and modernisation which
demand more resources.
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Practice Questions
Q.1 3 marks questions.
1 What do resources mean ? How are they classified ?
2 Define the term soil erosion. What are the different types of soil erosion ?
3 “India is rich in certain types of resources but deficient in some other resources.” Support your
answer with examples.
4 Explain the major factors which are responsible for the formation of soil.
5 Define the following. a) Gross cropped area b) Waste land
6 What steps have been taken at the international level to conserve world resources ?
7 Why is resources planning a complex process ?
8 Describe the following methods.
a) Contour ploughing b) Terrace cultivation c) Strip cropping
d) planting of shelter belts.
Q.2 5 marks questions.

1 Why is soil considered as a resource ? Explain with five arguments.
2 Describe the types of soil available in India and explain any two important characteristics of
each type of soil.
3 Describe the type of resources classified on the basis of status of development. OR
Explain the classification of resources on the basis of state of development. OR
Distinguish between stock resources and reserve resources.
4 Explain the different methods of controlling soil erosion in different areas.
5 Over a period of time land has degraded up to an extent. Giving examples explain how human
activities are responsible for that. OR
Explain any four human activities which are mainly responsible for land degradation in India.
Q.3 Map based questions.

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Class 10 – Subject – Geography – Lesson – 1 – Textbook exercise – Q.A.

3 Answer the following questions in about 120 words.

Q.2 5 marks questions.

Q.3 Map based questions.

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