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TPS61042
SLVS441D – DECEMBER 2002 – REVISED DECEMBER 2014

TPS61042 Constant Current LED Driver

1 Features 3 Description
•
1 Current Source With Overvoltage Protection The TPS61042 is a high frequency boost converter
with constant current output that drives white LEDs or
• Input Voltage Range: 1.8 V to 6 V similar. The LED current is set with the external
• Internal 30 V Switch sense resistor (RS) and is directly regulated by the
• Up to 85% Efficiency feedback pin (FB) that regulates the voltage across
• Precise Brightness Control Using PWM Signal or the sense resistor RS to 252 mV (typ). To control LED
brightness, the LED current can be pulsed by
Analog Signal
applying a PWM (pulse width modulated) signal with
• Switching Frequency: Up to 1 MHz a frequency range of 100 Hz to 50 kHz to the control
• Internal Power MOSFET Switch: 500 mA pin (CTRL). To allow higher flexibility, the device can
• Operates With Small Output Capacitors Down to be configured where the brightness can be controlled
by an analog signal as well, as described in the
100 nF
application information section. To avoid possible
• Disconnects LEDs During Shutdown leakage currents through the LEDs during shutdown,
• No Load Quiescent Current: 38 µA Typ the control pin (CTRL) disables the device and
• Shutdown Current: 0.1 µA Typ disconnects the LEDs from ground. For maximum
safety during operation, the output has integrated
• Available in a Small 3 mm × 3 mm QFN Package overvoltage protection that prevents damage to the
device in case of a high impedance output (e.g. faulty
2 Applications LED).
• White LED Supply for Backlight/Sidelight Displays
Device Information(1)
– PDA, Pocket PC, Smart Phones
PART NUMBER PACKAGE BODY SIZE (NOM)
– Handheld Devices
TPS61042 SON (8) 3.00 mm × 3.00 mm
– Cellular Phones
(1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at
the end of the data sheet.

4 Typical Application

L1
4.7 μH D1

CO†
3 8 100 nF
Vin VIN SW
1.8 V to 6 V
5 CTRL OVP 7
6 GND LED 1
Cin
4 FB RS 2
4.7 μF

Rs
Enable/PWM Brightness Control 13 Ω
100 Hz to 50 kHz
†
Larger output capacitor values of 1 µF and larger, reduce the LED ripple current and improve line regulation.

An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications,
intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA.
TPS61042
SLVS441D – DECEMBER 2002 – REVISED DECEMBER 2014 www.ti.com

Table of Contents
1 Features .................................................................. 1 8.3 Feature Description................................................... 9
2 Applications ........................................................... 1 8.4 Device Functional Modes........................................ 10
3 Description ............................................................. 1 9 Application and Implementation ........................ 11
4 Typical Application ................................................ 1 9.1 Application Information............................................ 11
9.2 Typical Application ................................................. 16
5 Revision History..................................................... 2
6 Pin Configuration and Functions ......................... 3 10 Power Supply Recommendations ..................... 21
7 Specifications......................................................... 3 11 Layout................................................................... 21
11.1 Layout Guidelines ................................................. 21
7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings ...................................... 3
11.2 Layout Example .................................................... 21
7.2 ESD Ratings ............................................................ 4
7.3 Recommended Operating Conditions....................... 4 12 Device and Documentation Support ................. 22
7.4 Thermal Information .................................................. 4 12.1 Device Support...................................................... 22
7.5 Electrical Characteristics........................................... 5 12.2 Documentation Support ....................................... 22
7.6 Typical Characteristics .............................................. 6 12.3 Trademarks ........................................................... 22
12.4 Electrostatic Discharge Caution ............................ 22
8 Detailed Description .............................................. 8
12.5 Glossary ................................................................ 22
8.1 Overview ................................................................... 8
8.2 Functional Block Diagram ......................................... 8 13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable
Information ........................................................... 22

5 Revision History
NOTE: Page numbers for previous revisions may differ from page numbers in the current version.

Changes from Revision C (March 2007) to Revision D Page

• Added Device Information table, Feature Description section, Device Functional Modes, Application and
Implementation section, Power Supply Recommendations section, Layout section, Device and Documentation
Support section, and Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information section ............................................................... 1
• Added the equation number to all the equations ................................................................................................................... 9

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6 Pin Configuration and Functions

SON (DRB) Package

8 Pins
TOP VIEW

LED 1 8 SW

RS 2 Exposed 7 OVP
Thermal
VIN 3 Die Pad 6 GND

FB 4 5 CTRL

The exposed thermal die pad is connected to GND.

Pin Functions
PIN
I/O DESCRIPTION
NAME NO.
Combined enable and PWM control pin. If CTRL is constantly pulled high, the device is enabled and the
CTRL 5 I internal LED switch (Q2) is constantly turned on. When CTRL is pulled to GND, the device is disabled.
Apply a PWM signal (100 Hz to 50 kHz) to this pin to control the brightness of the LEDs
FB 4 I Feedback. FB regulates the LED current through the sense resistor by regulating the voltage across RS to
252 mV.
GND 6 GND
LED 1 I Input of the LED switch (Q2). Connect the LEDs to this pin.
OVP 7 I Overvoltage protection. OVP is connected to the output capacitor of the converter.
RS 2 O Output of the internal LED switch. The sense resistor that programs the LED current is connected to RS.
SW 8 I Drain of the integrated switch (Q1)
VIN 3 I Input supply pin.

7 Specifications
7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
(1)
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
MIN MAX UNIT
(2)
V(VIN) Supply voltages –0.3 7 V
V(Rs) , V(CTRL), V(FB) Voltages –0.3 Vin + 0.3 V
V(SW), V(LED) Voltages (2) 30 V
V(OVP) Voltage 30 V
Continuous power dissipation See Thermal Information Table
Operating junction temperature range –40 150 °C
Storage temperature, TSTG –65 150 °C

(1) Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, which do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended
Operating Conditions. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
(2) All voltage values are with respect to network ground terminal.

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7.2 ESD Ratings

VALUE UNIT
Electrostatic Human-body model (HBM), per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001 (1) ±2000
V(ESD) V
discharge Charged-device model (CDM), per JEDEC specification JESD22-C101 (2) ±750

(1) JEDEC document JEP155 states that 500-V HBM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process.
(2) JEDEC document JEP157 states that 250-V CDM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process.

7.3 Recommended Operating Conditions

over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
MIN TYP MAX UNIT
VI Input voltage range 1.8 6 V
Vs Output voltage range VIN 27.5 V
VSW Switch voltage 30 V
I(LED) Maximum LED switch current 60 mA
L Inductor (1) 4.7 µH
f Switching frequency (1) 1 MHz
CI Input capacitor (1) 4.7 µF
(1)
CO Output capacitor 100 nF
TA Operating ambient temperature –40 85 °C
TJ Operating junction temperature –40 125 °C

(1) See application section for further information.

7.4 Thermal Information

TPS61042
(1)
THERMAL METRIC DRB PACKAGE UNIT
8 PINS
RθJA Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance 48.6
RθJC(top) Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance 66.9
RθJB Junction-to-board thermal resistance 23.8
°C/W
ψJT Junction-to-top characterization parameter 1.5
ψJB Junction-to-board characterization parameter 23.9
RθJC(bot) Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance 5.2

(1) For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the IC Package Thermal Metrics application report, SPRA953.

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7.5 Electrical Characteristics

VI = 3.6 V, CTRL= VI, TA = -40°C to + 85°C, typical values are at TA= 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
SUPPLY CURRENT
VI Input voltage range 1.8 6.0 V
I(Q) Operating quiescent current into VIN IO = 0 mA, not switching 38 65 µA
IO(sd) Shutdown current CTRL = GND 0.1 1 µA
VUVLO Under-voltage lockout threshold VI falling 1.5 1.7 V
CTRL
VIH CTRL high level input voltage 1.3 V
VIL CTRL low level input voltage 0.3 V
IIkg CTRL input leakage current CTRL = GND or VIN 0.1 µA
ton Minimum CTRL pulse width to enable CTRL = low to high 50 µs
toff Minimum CTRL pulse width to disable CTRL = high to low 10 32 ms
f(CTRL) PWM switching frequency applied to CTRL 0.1 50 kHz
D(CTRL) PWM duty cycle applied to CTRL 1% 100%
POWER SWITCH AND CURRENT LIMIT (SW)
VS Maximum switch voltage 30 V
rds(ON) MOSFET on-resistance V I = 3.6 V; I(SW) = 200 mA 300 600 mΩ
Ilkg MOSFET leakage current V(SW) = 28 V 0.1 10 µA
ILIM MOFSET current limit 400 500 600 mA
LED SWITCH AND CURRENT LIMIT (LED)
VS Maximum switch voltage 30 V
rds(ON) MOSFET on-resistance VI = 3.6 V; IS = 20 mA 1 2 Ω
Ilkg MOSFET leakage current V(LED)= 28 V 0.1 10 µA
OUTPUT
VO Output voltage range VI 27.5 V
(1)
I(FB) Feedback input bias current V(FB) = 0.252 V 100 nA
VFB Feedback trip point voltage 1.8 V ≤ VI ≤ 6 V 244 252 260 mV
V(OVP) Output overvoltage protection VO rising 27.5 29 30 V
Vhys(OVP) Output overvoltage protection hysteresis 5 7 V
I(OVP) OVP input current VO = 15 V 9 12 µA

(1) The feedback input is high impedance MOSFET Gate input.

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7.6 Typical Characteristics

Table 1. Table of Graphs
FIGURE
vs LED current Figure 1
η Efficiency
vs Input voltage Figure 2
IQ Operating Quiescent Current into VIN vs Input voltage and Temperature Figure 3
V(FB) Feedback voltage vs Temperature Figure 4
I(FB) Feedback current vs Temperature Figure 5
vs Temperature Figure 6
Main switch Q1
vs Input voltage Figure 7
rds(on)
vs Temperature Figure 8
LED switch Q2
vs Input voltage Figure 9
ILED Average LED current vs PWM duty cycle on CTRL pin Figure 10

90 88
88 86 IO = 15 mA
86 84
VI = 4.2V
Efficiency – %

Efficiency – %
84
82
82 VI = 3.6V 80
80
78
78
VI = 2.4V 76
76
74 74

72 4 LEDs ≈ 13 V, CO = 1 μF 72 4 LEDs ≈ 13 V, CO = 1 μF
70 70
0.1 1 10 100 1 2 3 4 5 6
IO – Output Current – mA VI – Input Voltage – V

Figure 1. Efficiency vs Output Current Figure 2. Efficiency vs Input Voltage

50 260
45 258 VCC = 3.7 V
V(fb) - Feedback Voltage - mV
Quiescent Current into VI / μA

40 TA = 85°C 256
35 254
TA = 25°C
30 252
25 TA = - 40°C 250
20 248
15 246
10 244
5 242
0 240
1.8 2.4 3.0 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.4 6.0 - 40 - 15 10 35 60 85
VI - Input Voltage - V TA - Free-Air Temperature - °C

Figure 3. Operating Quiescent Current into VIN Figure 4. Feedback Voltage vs Temperature
vs Input Voltage and Temperature

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60 500

rds(on) − On-State Resistance − mΩ

VCC = 3.6 V
I(fb) - Feedback Current - nA

40 450

VCC = 3.6 V
20 400

0 350

- 20 300
VCC = 5 V VCC = 2.4 V
- 40 250

- 60 200
- 40 - 15 10 35 60 85 −40 −15 10 35 60 85
TA - Free-Air Temperature - °C TA − Free-Air Temperature − °C

Figure 5. Feedback Current vs Temperature Figure 6. rds(on) Main Switch (Q1) vs Temperature
600 1.6
rds(on) − On-State Resistance − mΩ

TA = 27°C

rds(on) - On-State Resistance - Ω

1.5 VCC = 3.6 V
500
1.4
1.3
400
1.2
300 1.1
1.0
200
0.9
0.8
100
0.7
0 0.6
1.8 2.4 3.0 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.4 6.0 - 40 - 15 10 35 60 85
VI − Input Voltage − V TA - Free-Air Temperature - °C

Figure 7. rds(ON) Main Switch (Q1) vs Input Voltage Figure 8. rds(on) LED Switch (Q2) vs Temperature
3.0 20
TA = 25°C
rds(on) - On-State Resistance - Ω

2.5
IO - Output Current - mA

15
2.0

1.5 10 fPWM = 100 Hz fPWM = 50 kHz

1.0
5 fPWM = 25 kHz
0.5

0.0 0
1.8 2.4 3.0 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.4 6.0 0 20 40 60 80 100
VI - Input Voltage - V Duty Cycle - %

Figure 9. rds(on) LED Switch (Q2) vs Input Voltage Figure 10. Average LED Current vs PWM Duty Cycle on
CTRL Pin

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8 Detailed Description

8.1 Overview
The TPS61042 operates like a standard boost converter but regulates the voltage across the sense resistor (RS)
instead of the output voltage. This gives an accurate regulated LED current independent of the input voltage and
number of LEDs connected. With integrated overvoltage protection (OVP) the TPS61042 is configured as a
current source with overvoltage protection ideally suited to drive LEDs. With the 30V internal switch, the device
can generate output voltages of up to 27.5 V and has an internal 500mA MOSFET switch (Q1). This allows
several LEDs to be connected in series to the output. The internal LED switch (Q2) in series with the LEDs has a
maximum current rating of 60 mA and disconnects the LEDs from ground during shutdown. The LED switch is
driven by a PWM signal applied to the control pin (CTRL), which directly controls the LED brightness. With this
control method the LED brightness depends on the PWM duty cycle only and is independent of the PWM
frequency and amplitude.

8.2 Functional Block Diagram

EN
EN SW

UVLO VREF
VIN
Bias 0.252 V
Control Gate Q1
Logic Driver

Thermal
Shutdown
OVP

Enable Current R1
EN
CTRL Control Limit 2 MΩ
Logic Softstart

R2
6 μs Max 30 kΩ
On Time
PWM
GND Gate
Drive
Overvoltage Protection
+
– 0.4 V LED

Q2
Error
Comparator
FB – RS
400 ns Min
+ Off Time
VREF

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8.3 Feature Description

8.3.1 Boost Converter
The boost converter operates in a pulse frequency modulation (PFM) scheme with constant peak current control.
This control scheme maintains high efficiency over the entire load current range and with a switching frequency
of up to 1 MHz, enables the use of small external components. The converter monitors the sense voltage across
RS with the feedback pin (FB) and, when the feedback voltage falls below the reference voltage (252 mV typ),
the main switch turns on and the current ramps up. The main switch turns off when the inductor current reaches
the internally set peak current of 500 mA (typ). Refer to the peak current control section for more information.
The second criteria that turns off the main switch is the maximum on-time of 6 µs (typ). This limits the maximum
on-time of the converter in extreme conditions. As the switch is turned off the external Schottky diode is forward
biased, delivering the stored inductor energy to the output. The main switch remains off until the minimum off
time of 400 ns (typ) has passed and the feedback voltage is below the reference voltage again. Using this PFM
peak current control scheme, the converter operates in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) where the
switching frequency depends on the inductor, input and output voltage, and LED current. Lower LED currents
reduce the switching frequency, which results in high efficiency over the entire LED current range. This regulation
scheme is inherently stable, allowing a wide range for the selection of the inductor and output capacitor.

8.3.2 Peak Current Control (Boost Converter)

The internal switch is turned on until the inductor current reaches the DC current limit (ILIM) of 500 mA (typ). Due
to the internal current limit delay of 100 ns (typ) the actual current exceeds the DC current limit threshold by a
small amount. The typical peak current limit can be calculated:
V
IP(typ) = I(LIM) + I ´ 100 ns
L (1)
VI
IP(typ) = 500 mA + ´ 100 ns
L (2)
The higher the input voltage and the lower the inductor value, the greater the current limit overshoot.

8.3.3 Softstart
All inductive step-up converters exhibit high in-rush current during start-up if no special precautions are taken.
This can cause voltage drops at the input rail during start-up, which may result in an unwanted or premature
system shutdown.
The TPS61042 limits this in-rush current during start-up by increasing the current limit in two steps starting from
ILIM/4 for 256 switch cycles to ILIM/2 for the next 256 switch cycles and then full current limit. See Figure 23 for
typical start-up behavior.

8.3.4 Control (CTRL)

The CTRL pin serves two functions. One is the enable and disable of the device. The other is the PWM control of
the internal LED switch (Q2). If no PWM signal is applied to the CTRL pin, then the CTRL pin can be used as a
standard enable pin for the device. To enable the device, the CTRL pin must be pulled high for time period of at
least 50 µs. The device starts with the Softstart cycle. Pulling the CTRL pin to GND for a time period ≥32 ms
disables the device, disconnecting the LEDs from GND by opening the LED switch (Q2) to avoid any LED
leakage current. See Figure 11 for the CTRL pin timing.
The internal LED switch (Q2) is driven by the PWM signal when applied to the CTRL pin. Applying a PWM signal
in the range of 100 Hz to 50 kHz allows the LED current to be pulsed with the duty cycle of the PWM signal. The
CTRL pin accepts a PWM duty cycle from D = 1% to 100%. Duty cycles below 1% are also possible with the
restriction that the device is forced into shutdown as the off time of the applied PWM signal exceeds 10 ms.
When a PWM signal is applied to the CTRL pin the LED switch (Q2) turns on immediately. The internal error
comparator is disabled for 400 ns. This 400 ns delay time is required to establish the correct voltage level across
the sense resistor RS after the LED switch (Q2) is closed.
To achieve good LED current accuracy and linearity, the switching frequency of the converter must be higher
than the PWM frequency applied to the CTRL pin.

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Feature Description (continued)

tp toff

ton ton

High

Low

Minimum Minimum
On-Time t Off-Time
to Enable to Disable
the Device the Device
D = tp/t
(50 μs) (32 ms)

Figure 11. CTRL Timing Diagram

The CTRL timing diagram is shown in Figure 11. To enable the device, the CTRL signal must be high for 50 µs.
The PWM signal can then be applied with a pulse width (tp) greater or smaller than tON. To force the device into
shutdown mode, the CTRL signal must be low for at least 32 ms. Requiring the CTRL pin to be low for 32mS
before the device enters shutdown allows for PWM dimming frequencies as low as 100 Hz. The device is
enabled again when a CTRL signal is high for a period of 50 µs minimum. See Figure 10 for the PWM duty cycle
versus LED current characteristic.
This CTRL pin must be terminated.

8.3.5 Applying a PWM Signal to the CTRL Pin with an On-Time tp≤2.5µs
In such a case the on-time of the PWM signal, tp, must be >2.5μs until the softstart is completed. The softstart is
completed after 512 switching cycles. To simply, estimate the softstart time, multiply the period of the PWM
signal times 512, and add 50μs to it. For a 50-kHz signal this would be 10.3ms as a minimum softstart time
period. After the softstart time is completed the PWM on time can be reduced to tp >400ns.

8.4 Device Functional Modes

8.4.1 Overvoltage Protection (OVP)
As with any current source, the output voltage rises as the output impedance increases or is disconnected. To
prevent the output voltage from exceeding the maximum main switch (Q1) voltage rating of 30 V, an overvoltage
protection circuit is integrated. When the output voltage exceeds the OVP threshold voltage, (Q1) turns off. The
converter switch remains off until the output voltage falls below the OVP threshold voltage. As long as the output
voltage is below the OVP threshold the converter continues its normal operation, until the output voltage exceeds
the OVP threshold again.

8.4.2 Undervoltage Lockout

An undervoltage lockout feature prevents mis-operation of the device at input voltages below 1.5 V (typ). As long
as the input voltage is below the undervoltage threshold the device remains off, with the main MOSFET switch
(Q1) and the LED switch (Q2) open.

8.4.3 Thermal Shutdown

An internal thermal shutdown is implemented in the TPS61042 that shuts down the device if the typical junction
temperature of 160°C is exceeded. If the device is in thermal shutdown mode, the main MOSFET switch (Q1)
and the LED switch (Q2) are open.

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9 Application and Implementation

NOTE
Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component
specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are
responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should
validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality.

9.1 Application Information

9.1.1 Efficiency
The overall efficiency of the application depends on the specific application conditions and mainly on the
selection of the inductor. A lower inductor value increases the switching frequency and switching losses yielding
in a lower efficiency. A lower inductor dc resistance has lower copper losses, giving a higher efficiency.
Therefore, the efficiency can typically vary ±5% depending on the selected inductor. Figure 1 and Figure 2 can
be used as a guideline for the application efficiency. These curves show the typical efficiency powering four
LEDs using a 4.7 µH inductor with just 1,2 mm height. The efficiency curve in Figure 1 and Figure 2 show the
efficiency delivering the power to the LEDs rather than the overall converter efficiency and is calculated as:
V ´I
h = LED LED
VI ´ II (3)

9.1.2 Setting The LED Current

The converter regulates the LED current by regulating the voltage across the current sense resistor (RS). The
voltage across the sense resistor is regulated to the internal reference voltage of V(FB) = 252 mV.

VIN SW
PWM
CTRL OVP
100 Hz to 50 kHz
GND LED

FB RS

Rs

Figure 12. Setting the LED Current

The LED current can be calculated:

V 0.252 V
ILED = FB =
RS RS (4)
The current programming method is used when the brightness of the LEDs is fixed or controlled by a PWM
signal applied to the CTRL pin. When using a PWM signal on the CTRL pin, the LED brightness is only
dependent on the PWM duty cycle, independent of the PWM frequency, or amplitude, which simplifies the
system.
Alternatively, an analog voltage can be used as well to control the LED brightness.

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Application Information (continued)

VIN SW
Enable: CTRL = High
CTRL OVP
Disable: CTRL = Low
GND LED

FB RS

R1

VADJ I1
R (Brightness Control)
PWM
Rs Vs
Signal
R2

Optional Filter for the

use of a PWM Signal

Figure 13. Setting the LED Current

In Figure 13 the LED current is determined by the voltage applied to R2 (V(adj)) and the selection of R1, R2 and
the sense resistor (RS). In this configuration, the LED current is linear controlled instead of pulsed as in the
configuration before. To select the resistor values following steps are required.
1. Select the voltage V(adjmax) to turn the LEDs off. → V(adjmax) (e.g. 3.3 V)
2. Select the voltage V(adjmin) to turn the LEDs fully on. → V(adjmin) (e.g. 0.0 V)
3. Select the maximum and minimum LED current IO(max) and IO(min). → (e.g. IO(max) = 20 mA, IO(min) = 0 mA)
4. Calculate R2 to achieve a feedback current in the range of I1 = 3 µA to 10 µA as the LEDs are fully turned
on:
Vref - Vadj(min)
R2 =
I1 (5)
5. Calculation of R1
IO(max) ´ R2 + Vadj(min) - IO(min) ´ R2 - Vadj(max)
R1 = Vref ´
Vadj(max) ´ IO(max) + Vref ´ IO(min) - Vadj(min) ´ IO(min) - Vref ´ IO(max) (6)
6. Calculation of the sense voltage (VS) at maximum LED current
æ R1 ö R1
VS = Vref ´ ç 1 + ÷ - ´ Vadj(min)
è R2 ø R2 (7)
7. Calculation of the required sense resistor (RS)
VS
RS =
IO(max) (8)

9.1.3 PWM Control With Separate Enable

The control pin (CTRL) combines the enable function as well as the PWM brightness control function in one pin.
For some systems an independent enable function is required. One way to implement this is to use the
brightness control configuration as shown in the previous section Figure 13.
Other possible solutions are shown in Figure 14, Figure 15, Figure 16.

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Application Information (continued)

VIN SW
PWM Brightness Control
CTRL OVP
100 Hz to 50 kHz
GND LED
Enable (EN) FB RS

Figure 14. Separate Enable and PWM Control Using a Schottky Diode

VIN SW
PWM Brightness Control
100 Hz to 50 kHz CTRL OVP

GND LED
Enable (EN) FB RS

Figure 15. Separate Enable and PWM Control Using a Transistor

PWM Brightness Control

VIN SW
100 Hz to 50 kHz
CTRL OVP
Enable (EN)
GND LED

FB RS

Figure 16. Separate Enable and PWM Control Using an AND Gate

9.1.4 Example Schematics

L1
4.7 μH D1
SUMIDA CMD4D11 ZHCS400

CO
4.7 μF
VIN
1.8 V to 6 V
VIN SW

CTRL OVP
C(IN)
4.7 μF GND LED

FB RS

RS
Enable/PWM Brightness 13Ω
Control 100 HZ to 50 kHz

Figure 17. TPS61042 With Low LED Ripple Current and Higher Accuracy Using a 4.7 µF Output Capacitor

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Application Information (continued)

L1
Sumida CDRH3D16–6R8 D1
6.8 μH Zetex ZHCS400

CO
1 μF
VIN
2.7 V to 6 V VIN SW
CTRL OVP
C(IN)
4.7 μF GND LED

FB RS

RS
Enable/PWM Brightness 13Ω
Control 100 HZ to 50 kHz

Figure 18. TPS61042 Powering 6 LEDs, Efficiency = 84%@VI = 3.6 V/19 mA

L1
10.0 μH D1
Coilcraft DO1605T–103MX Zetex ZHCS400

CO
VIN 100 nF
2.7 V to 6 V VIN SW
CTRL OVP
CIN
4.7 μF GND LED
FB Rs

RS
Enable/PWM Brightness 6.5 Ω R1 R2
Control 100 HZ to 50 kHz 30 Ω 30 Ω

Figure 19. TPS61042 Powering 8 LEDs, Efficiency = 81%@VI = 3.6 V/18.6 mA

14 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2002–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated

Product Folder Links: TPS61042

 TPS61042
www.ti.com SLVS441D – DECEMBER 2002 – REVISED DECEMBER 2014

Application Information (continued)

L1 D1
4.7 μH ZHCS400

CO
100 nF
VCC = 1.8 V to 6 V
VIN SW
CTRL OVP
C(IN)
4.7 μF GND LED

FB RS

R1 RS
10 kΩ
Analog Brightness Control 13Ω
3.3 V LED Off
0 V ILED = 20 mA R2
120 kΩ

Figure 20. Adjustable Brightness Control Using an Analog Voltage

L1 D1
4.7 μH ZHCS400

CO
100 nF
VCC = 1.8 V to 6 V
VIN SW
CTRL OVP
CIN
4.7 μF GND LED
FB RS

R1 RS
10 kΩ
3.3 V PWM Signal 13Ω
0 % LEDs on
R R2
100 % LEDs Off
C 120 kΩ

Figure 21. Alternative Adjustable Brightness Control Using PWM Signal

Copyright © 2002–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Documentation Feedback 15

Product Folder Links: TPS61042
TPS61042
SLVS441D – DECEMBER 2002 – REVISED DECEMBER 2014 www.ti.com

9.2 Typical Application

L1
4.7 μH D1
Coilcraft LPO1704–472 ZHCS400

CO
VIN 1 μF
1.8 V to 6 V
VIN SW
CTRL OVP
C(IN)
4.7 μF GND LED
FB RS

RS
Enable/PWM Brightness 13 Ω
Control 100 HZ to 50 kHz

Figure 22. TPS61042 With 1,0 mm Total System Height. Efficiency = 82.7%@VI = 3.0 V/19 mA

9.2.1 Design Requirements

Table 2. Design Parameters

DESIGN PARAMETER Typical VALUE
Input Voltage 1.8 V to 6 V
Output Voltage VIN to 27.5 V
Dimming frequency 0.1 to 50 kHz

9.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure

9.2.2.1 Inductor Selection, Maximum Load Current, and Switching Frequency

The PFM peak current control scheme of the TPS61042 is inherently stable. The inductor value does not affect
the stability of the regulator. The selection of the inductor together with the nominal LED current, input, and
output voltage of the application determines the switching frequency of the converter.
The first step is to calculate the maximum load current the converter can support using the selected inductor.
The inductor value has less effect on the maximum available load current and is only of secondary order. A good
inductor value to start with is 4.7 µH. Depending on the application, inductor values down to 1.0 µH can be used.
The maximum inductor value is determined by the maximum on time of the switch of 6 µs (typ). The peak current
limit of 500 mA (typ) must be reached within this 6 µs for proper operation. The maximum load current of the
converter is determined at the operation point where the converter starts to enter the continuous conduction
mode. The converter must always operate in discontinuous conduction mode to maintain regulation.
Depending on the time period of the inductor current fall time being larger or smaller compared to the minimum
off time of the converter (400ns typ), the maximum load current can be calculated.
Inductor fall time:
ip ´ L
t fall =
VOUT - VIN (9)
For tfall ≥ 400 ns
ip ´ VIN
Iload m ax = h
2 ´ VOUT (10)

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 TPS61042
www.ti.com SLVS441D – DECEMBER 2002 – REVISED DECEMBER 2014

for tfall ≤ 400 ns

ip2 ´ L ´ Vin
ILOAD MAX = h ´
(Vout - Vin ) ´ (2 ´ ip ´ L + 2 ´ 400 ns ´ Vin ) (11)
with:
L = selected inductor value
η = expected converter efficiency. Typically between 70% to 85%
V
IP = 500 mA + IN ´ 100 ns
L (12)
(Peak inductor current as described in the peak current control section)
The above formula contains the expected converter efficiency that allows calculating the expected maximum load
current the converter can support. The efficiency can be taken out of the efficiency graphs shown in Figure 1 and
Figure 2 or 80% can be used as an accurate estimation.
If the converter can support the desired LED current, the next step is to calculate the converter switching
frequency at the operation point, which must be ≤1 MHz. Also the converter switching frequency should be much
higher than the applied PWM frequency at the CTRL pin to avoid non-linear brightness control. Assuming the
converter shows no double pulses or pulse bursts (Figure 24, Figure 25) on the switch node (SW) the switching
frequency at the operation point can be calculated as:
2 ´ ILOAD (VO - VI + VF )
¦ S(ILOAD) = 2
æ Vin ö
I
ç (LIM) + ´ 100 ns ÷ ´ L
è L ø (13)
with:
I(LIM) = minimum switch current limit (500 mA typ)
L = selected inductor value
I(LOAD) = nominal load or LED current
VF = Rectifier diode forward voltage (typically 0.3 V)
The smaller the inductor value, the higher the switching frequency of the converter but the lower the efficiency.
The selected inductor must have a saturation current that meets the maximum peak current of the converter as
calculated in the peak current control section. Use the maximum value for I(LIM) (600mA) for this calculation.
Another important inductor parameter is the DC resistance. The lower the DC resistance the higher the efficiency
of the converter. See Table 3 and Figure 22 to Figure 21 for inductor selection.

Table 3. Possible Inductor (1)

INDUCTOR VALUE COMPONENT SUPPLIER SIZE
10 µH muRata LQH43CN100K01 4,5 mm×3,2 mm×2.6 mm
4.7 µH muRata LQH32CN4R7M11 3,2 mm×2,5 mm×2,0 mm
10 µH Coilcraft DO1605T-103MX 5,5 mm ×4,1 mm ×1,8 mm
4.7 µH Sumida CDRH3D16-4R7 3,8 mm×3,8 mm×1,8 mm
3.3 µH Sumida CMD4D11- 3R3 3,5 mm×5,3 mm×1,2 mm
4.7 µH Sumida CMD4D11- 4R7 3,5 mm×5,3 mm×1,2 mm
3.3 µH Sumida CMD4D11- 3R3 3,5 mm×5,3 mm×1,2 mm
4.7 µH Coiltronics SD12-4R7 5,2 mm×5,2 mm×1,2 mm
3.3 µH Coilcraft LPO1704-332M 6,6 mm×5,5 mm×1,0 mm
4.7 µH Coilcraft LPO1704-472M 6,6 mm×5,5 mm×1,0 mm

(1) See Third-Party Products Disclaimer

Copyright © 2002–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Documentation Feedback 17

Product Folder Links: TPS61042
TPS61042
SLVS441D – DECEMBER 2002 – REVISED DECEMBER 2014 www.ti.com

9.2.2.2 Output Capacitor Selection and Line Regulation

For better output voltage filtering, a low ESR output capacitor is recommended. Ceramic capacitors have a low
ESR value, but depending on the application, tantalum capacitors can be used.
The selection of the output capacitor value directly influences the output voltage ripple of the converter which
also influences line regulation. The larger the output voltage ripple, the larger the line regulation, which means
that the LED current changes if the input voltage changes. If a certain change in LED current gives a noticeable
change in LED brightness, depends on the LED manufacturer and on the application. Applications requiring good
line regulation ≤1%/V (typ) must use output capacitor values ≥1 µF.
See Table 3 and Figure 22 to Figure 21 for the selection of the output capacitor.
Assuming the converter does not show double pulses or pulse bursts on the switch node (SW), the output
voltage ripple is calculated as (see Figure 24, Figure 25):
é æ V ö ù
ê ç I(LIM) + in ´ 100 ns ÷ ´ L ú
I
-è ø
1 L
DVO = O ´ ê ú + IP ´ ESF
CO ê ¦ S(LOAD) VO + VF - VI ú
ê ú
ë û (14)
with:
I(LIM) = minimum switch current limit (400 mA typ)
L = selected inductor value
I(LOAD) = nominal load current
ƒS = switching frequency at the nominal load current as calculated before.
VF = rectifier diode forward voltage (0.3 V typ)
CO = selected output capacitor
ESR = output capacitor ESR value

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 TPS61042
www.ti.com SLVS441D – DECEMBER 2002 – REVISED DECEMBER 2014

9.2.2.3 Input Capacitor Selection

For good input voltage filtering, low ESR ceramic capacitors are recommended. A 4.7 µF ceramic input capacitor
is sufficient for most applications. For better input voltage filtering the capacitor value can be increased. Refer to
Table 2 and Figure 22 to Figure 21 for input capacitor selection.

Table 4. Possible Input and Output Capacitors (1)

CAPACITOR VOLTAGE RATING COMPONENT SUPPLIER COMMENTS
4.7 µF/X5R/0805 6.3 V Tayo Yuden JMK212BY475MG CI
10 µF/X5R/0805 6.3 V Tayo Yuden JMK212BJ106MG CI
100 nF Any CO
220 nF Any CO
470 nF Any CO
1.0 µF/X7R/1206 25 V Tayo Yuden TMK316BJ105KL CO
1.0 µF/X7R/1206 35 V Tayo Yuden GMK316BJ105KL CO
4.7 µF/X5R/1210 25 V Tayo Yuden TMK325BJ475MG CO

(1) See Third-Party Products Disclaimer

9.2.2.4 Diode Selection

To achieve high efficiency, a Schottky diode must be used. The current rating of the diode must meet the peak
current rating of the converter as it is calculated in the peak current control section. Use the maximum value for
I(Lim) for this calculation. See Table 5 and Figure 22 to Figure 21 for the Schottky diode selection.

Table 5. Possible Diodes (1)

COMPONENT SUPPLIER REVERSE VOLTAGE
ON Semiconductor MBR0530 30 V
ON Semiconductor MBR0520 20 V
Toshiba CRS02 30 V
Zetex ZHCS400 40 V

(1) See Third-Party Products Discalimer

Copyright © 2002–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Documentation Feedback 19

Product Folder Links: TPS61042
TPS61042
SLVS441D – DECEMBER 2002 – REVISED DECEMBER 2014 www.ti.com

9.2.3 Application Curves

Vsw
Vout 5V/Div
10V/Div

Vout
500mV/Div

CTRL
1V/Div LED Current
20mA/Div
Input Current
100mA/Div

50 μs/Div 2.5 μs/Div

Figure 23. Softstart Figure 24. PFM Operation

Vsw
Vsw
5V/Div
5V/Div

Vout
50mV/Div
Vout
500mV/Div
LED Current
20mA/Div
LED Current
20mA/Div

2.5 μs/Div 25 μs/Div

Figure 25. Bust Mode Operation Figure 26. PWM Dimming

20 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2002–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated

Product Folder Links: TPS61042

 TPS61042
www.ti.com SLVS441D – DECEMBER 2002 – REVISED DECEMBER 2014

10 Power Supply Recommendations

The device is designed to operate from an input voltage supply range between 1.8 V and 6 V. The input power
supply’s output current needs to be rated according to the supply voltage, output voltage and output current of
TPS61042.

11 Layout

11.1 Layout Guidelines

In all switching power supplies the layout is an important step in the design, especially at high peak currents and
switching frequencies. If the layout is not carefully done, the regulator might show noise problems and duty cycle
jitter.
The input capacitor should be placed as close as possible to the input pin for good input voltage filtering. The
inductor and diode must be placed as close as possible to the switch pin to minimize noise coupling into other
circuits. Since the feedback pin and network is a high impedance circuit, the feedback network should be routed
away from the inductor.

11.2 Layout Example

GND VIN
CIN

FB VIN RS LED

4 3 2 1

RSENSE
TPS61042
L LED

5 6 7 8

CTRL GND OVP SW

COUT DIODE
Figure 27. Layout Example

11.2.1 Thermal Considerations

The TPS61042 comes in a thermally enhanced QFN package. The package includes a thermal pad improving
the thermal capabilities of the package. See the QFN/SON PCB Attachment application note (SLUA271).
The thermal resistance junction to ambient R ΘJA of the QFN package greatly depends on the PCB layout. Using
thermal vias and wide PCB traces improves the thermal resistance R ΘJA. Under normal operation conditions no
PCB vias are required for the thermal pad. However, the thermal PowerPAD™ must be soldered to the PCB.

Copyright © 2002–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Documentation Feedback 21

Product Folder Links: TPS61042
TPS61042
SLVS441D – DECEMBER 2002 – REVISED DECEMBER 2014 www.ti.com

12 Device and Documentation Support

12.1 Device Support

12.1.1 Third-Party Products Disclaimer
TI'S PUBLICATION OF INFORMATION REGARDING THIRD-PARTY PRODUCTS OR SERVICES DOES NOT
CONSTITUTE AN ENDORSEMENT REGARDING THE SUITABILITY OF SUCH PRODUCTS OR SERVICES
OR A WARRANTY, REPRESENTATION OR ENDORSEMENT OF SUCH PRODUCTS OR SERVICES, EITHER
ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH ANY TI PRODUCT OR SERVICE.

12.2 Documentation Support

12.2.1 Related Documentation
QFN/SON PCB Attachment application note (SLUA271)

12.3 Trademarks
PowerPAD is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
12.4 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam
during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.

12.5 Glossary
SLYZ022 — TI Glossary.
This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions.

13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information

The following pages include mechanical, packaging, and orderable information. This information is the most
current data available for the designated devices. This data is subject to change without notice and revision of
this document. For browser-based versions of this data sheet, refer to the left-hand navigation.

22 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2002–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated

Product Folder Links: TPS61042

 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM

www.ti.com 10-Dec-2020

PACKAGING INFORMATION

Orderable Device Status Package Type Package Pins Package Eco Plan Lead finish/ MSL Peak Temp Op Temp (°C) Device Marking Samples
(1) Drawing Qty (2) Ball material (3) (4/5)
(6)

TPS61042DRBR ACTIVE SON DRB 8 3000 RoHS & Green NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR -40 to 85 BHS

TPS61042DRBRG4 ACTIVE SON DRB 8 3000 RoHS & Green NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR -40 to 85 BHS

TPS61042DRBT ACTIVE SON DRB 8 250 RoHS & Green NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR BHS

TPS61042DRBTG4 ACTIVE SON DRB 8 250 RoHS & Green NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR BHS

(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.

(2)
RoHS: TI defines "RoHS" to mean semiconductor products that are compliant with the current EU RoHS requirements for all 10 RoHS substances, including the requirement that RoHS substance
do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, "RoHS" products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. TI may
reference these types of products as "Pb-Free".
RoHS Exempt: TI defines "RoHS Exempt" to mean products that contain lead but are compliant with EU RoHS pursuant to a specific EU RoHS exemption.
Green: TI defines "Green" to mean the content of Chlorine (Cl) and Bromine (Br) based flame retardants meet JS709B low halogen requirements of <=1000ppm threshold. Antimony trioxide based
flame retardants must also meet the <=1000ppm threshold requirement.

(3)
MSL, Peak Temp. - The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.

(4)
There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device.

(5)
Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Device Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation
of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Device Marking for that device.

(6)
Lead finish/Ball material - Orderable Devices may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead finish/Ball material values may wrap to two
lines if the finish value exceeds the maximum column width.

Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information
provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and

Addendum-Page 1
 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM

www.ti.com 10-Dec-2020

continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals.
TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.

In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.

Addendum-Page 2
 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION

www.ti.com 16-Oct-2020

TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION

*All dimensions are nominal

Device Package Package Pins SPQ Reel Reel A0 B0 K0 P1 W Pin1
Type Drawing Diameter Width (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) Quadrant
(mm) W1 (mm)
TPS61042DRBR SON DRB 8 3000 330.0 12.4 3.3 3.3 1.1 8.0 12.0 Q2
TPS61042DRBT SON DRB 8 250 180.0 12.4 3.3 3.3 1.1 8.0 12.0 Q2

Pack Materials-Page 1
 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION

www.ti.com 16-Oct-2020

*All dimensions are nominal

Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm)
TPS61042DRBR SON DRB 8 3000 853.0 449.0 35.0
TPS61042DRBT SON DRB 8 250 210.0 185.0 35.0

Pack Materials-Page 2
 PACKAGE OUTLINE
DRB0008A SCALE 4.000
VSON - 1 mm max height
PLASTIC SMALL OUTLINE - NO LEAD

3.1 B
A
2.9

PIN 1 INDEX AREA

3.1
2.9

C
1 MAX

SEATING PLANE
0.05 DIM A
0.00 0.08 C
OPT 1 OPT 2
1.5 0.1 (0.1) (0.2)

4X (0.23)
EXPOSED (DIM A) TYP
THERMAL PAD

4 5

2X
1.95 1.75 0.1

8
1
6X 0.65
0.37
8X
0.25
PIN 1 ID 0.1 C A B
(OPTIONAL)
(0.65) 0.05 C
0.5
8X
0.3
4218875/A 01/2018

NOTES:

1. All linear dimensions are in millimeters. Any dimensions in parenthesis are for reference only. Dimensioning and tolerancing
per ASME Y14.5M.
2. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
3. The package thermal pad must be soldered to the printed circuit board for thermal and mechanical performance.

www.ti.com
 EXAMPLE BOARD LAYOUT
DRB0008A VSON - 1 mm max height
PLASTIC SMALL OUTLINE - NO LEAD

(1.5)
(0.65)
SYMM

8X (0.6)

(0.825)

8X (0.31) 1 8

SYMM
(1.75)

(0.625)

6X (0.65)
4
5

(R0.05) TYP

( 0.2) VIA
TYP (0.23)

(0.5)

(2.8)

LAND PATTERN EXAMPLE

EXPOSED METAL SHOWN
SCALE:20X

0.07 MAX 0.07 MIN

ALL AROUND ALL AROUND

EXPOSED EXPOSED
METAL METAL

SOLDER MASK METAL METAL UNDER SOLDER MASK

OPENING SOLDER MASK OPENING
NON SOLDER MASK
SOLDER MASK
DEFINED
DEFINED
(PREFERRED)

SOLDER MASK DETAILS

4218875/A 01/2018

NOTES: (continued)

4. This package is designed to be soldered to a thermal pad on the board. For more information, see Texas Instruments literature
number SLUA271 (www.ti.com/lit/slua271).
5. Vias are optional depending on application, refer to device data sheet. If any vias are implemented, refer to their locations shown
on this view. It is recommended that vias under paste be filled, plugged or tented.

www.ti.com
 EXAMPLE STENCIL DESIGN
DRB0008A VSON - 1 mm max height
PLASTIC SMALL OUTLINE - NO LEAD

(0.65)

4X (0.23)
SYMM

METAL
8X (0.6) TYP
4X
(0.725)

8X (0.31) 1 8

(2.674)

SYMM
(1.55)

6X (0.65)

4
5

(R0.05) TYP

(1.34)

(2.8)

SOLDER PASTE EXAMPLE

BASED ON 0.125 mm THICK STENCIL

EXPOSED PAD
84% PRINTED SOLDER COVERAGE BY AREA
SCALE:25X

4218875/A 01/2018

NOTES: (continued)

6. Laser cutting apertures with trapezoidal walls and rounded corners may offer better paste release. IPC-7525 may have alternate
design recommendations.

www.ti.com
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