SCIENCE

TEACHER’S GUIDE

10th Grade
SCIENCE 1000
Teacher's Guide
LIFEPAC® Overview 5
SCIENCE SCOPE & SEQUENCE |6
STRUCTURE OF THE LIFEPAC CURRICULUM |10
TEACHING SUPPLEMENTS |16

Unit 1: Taxonomy 23
ANSWER KEYS |26
ALTERNATE LIFEPAC TEST |33

Unit 2: Basis of Life 37

ANSWER KEYS |40
ALTERNATE LIFEPAC TEST |51

Unit 3: Microbiology 55
ANSWER KEYS |58
ALTERNATE LIFEPAC TEST |69

Unit 4: Cells 73
ANSWER KEYS |75
ALTERNATE LIFEPAC TEST |81

Unit 5: Plants: Green Factories 83

ANSWER KEYS |86
ALTERNATE LIFEPAC TEST |95

1
 Author:
Alpha Omega Publications

Editor:
Alan Christopherson, M.S.

MEDIA CREDITS:
Page 90: © snapgalleria-iStock-Thinkstock

804 N. 2nd Ave. E.

Rock Rapids, IA 51246-1759

© MCMXCVII by Alpha Omega Publications, Inc. All rights reserved. LIFEPAC

is a registered trademark of Alpha Omega Publications, Inc.

All trademarks and/or service marks referenced in this material are the property of their respective
owners. Alpha Omega Publications, Inc. makes no claim of ownership to any trademarks and/
or service marks other than their own and their affiliates’, and makes no claim of affiliation to any
companies whose trademarks may be listed in this material, other than their own.

2
Unit 6: Human Anatomy and Physiology 97
ANSWER KEYS |99
ALTERNATE LIFEPAC TEST |107

Unit 7: Inheritance 111

ANSWER KEYS |113
ALTERNATE LIFEPAC TEST |123

Unit 8: Cell Division & Reproduction 125

ANSWER KEYS |133
ALTERNATE LIFEPAC TEST |145

Unit 9: Ecology & Energy 149

ANSWER KEYS |152
ALTERNATE LIFEPAC TEST |161

Unit 10: Applications of Biology 163

ANSWER KEYS |165
ALTERNATE LIFEPAC TEST |171

3
Teacher's Guide | LIFEPAC Overview

INSTRUCTIONS FOR SCIENCE

The LIFEPAC curriculum from grades two If you have limited facilities and are not able to
through twelve is structured so that the daily perform all the experiments contained in the
instructional material is written directly into the LIFEPAC curriculum, the Science Project List
LIFEPACs. The student is encouraged to read may be a useful tool for you. This list priori-
and follow this instructional material in order to tizes experiments into three categories: those
develop independent study habits. The teacher essential to perform, those which should be
should introduce the LIFEPAC to the student, performed as time and facilities permit, and
set a required completion schedule, complete those not essential for mastery of LIFEPACs. Of
teacher checks, be available for questions course, for complete understanding of con-
regarding both content and procedures, admin- cepts and student participation in the curric-
ister and grade tests, and develop additional ulum, all experi-ments should be performed
learning activities as desired. Teachers working whenever practical. Materials for the experi-
with several students may schedule their time ments are shown in Teacher Notes — Materials
so that students are assigned to a quiet work Needed.
activity when it is necessary to spend instruc-
A suggested support item for this course is the
tional time with one particular student.
10th Grade Science Experiments video, SD1001.
The Teacher Notes section of the Teacher’s The video includes presentations of many of
Guide lists the required or suggested materi- the experiments in this course. Several of the
als for the LIFEPACs and provides additional experiments that require special equipment
learning activities for the students. The mate- or materials are demonstrated on these vid-
rials section refers only to LIFEPAC materials eos. They can either be used for answering
and does not include materials which may be the questions of the lab report or as a demon-
needed for the additional activities. Additional stration of the procedure prior to performing
learning activities provide a change from the the experiment. A notice is included with each
daily school routine, encourage the student’s experiment in the LIFEPAC where the video is
interest in learning and may be used as a available.
reward for good study habits.

22
 Science 1001 | Teacher's Guide

SCIENCE 1001
Unit 1: Taxonomy

23
Teaching Notes| Science 1001

TEACHING NOTES
MATERIALS NEEDED FOR LIFEPAC
Required
• dictionary
• encyclopedia or online resources
• assorted fresh fruits
• ten assorted small objects from a hobby or collection
• ten fresh flowers
• dissection kit
• ten photos of animals that inhabit one area of the earth

ADDITIONAL LEARNING ACTIVITIES

Section 1: The History of Taxonomy
1. Try to go for one full day without using any names for any persons or items. Discuss the
importance of names and the confusion that would result without them.
2. Write a report about either Aristotle or Linnaeus and his contributions to taxonomy.

Section 2: Binomial Nomenclature

1. Visit an aquarium shop or a greenhouse. Ask the owner in advance to give the students a
tour and to tell how scientific names are used in his business.
2. Each person should bring in one plant or leaf that is identified by genus and species. House
plants, flowers, trees, and shrubs could all be used. Make a display for the classroom.
3. Find the genus and species of ten organisms including humans and any pets owned by the
family. Scientific names are often given in the encyclopedia.

Section 3: Plant and Animal Classification

1. Gather all of the Golden Press Nature Guides that are available from students or the library.
Take hikes or gather specimens that can be identified using the guides you have located.
Plan a field day and identify as many organisms as possible. Stress ecology; do not destroy
any unusual specimens.
2. Collect and press common local flowers. Make attractive note cards with them and give as a
gift to a shut-in.
3. Each person should collect and mount twenty common insects. Pool the findings and elim-
inate duplicates. Make one master. Display and identify as many insects as possible. Label
the collection with scientific names, name of collector, and date and site of collection.
4. Write a 500-word report on a sea animal of your choice. Sea urchin, sea cucumbers, jelly-
fish, and nudibranches are interesting animals to consider.

24
 Science 1001 | Teaching Notes

Section 4: Taxonomy and Origins

1. Invite a nurse to discuss the testing of donors for organ transplants and why only close rela-
tives are typically the most suitable candidates.
2. Have the students prepare a key for class members that would always work. Explain that
color of clothing and hair length are not good choices. Discuss the pros and cons of Social
Security numbers as identification.
3. Prepare an attractive poster using pictures from seed catalogues. Choose one plant, such as
a rose, iris, squash, or petunia, and show the vast variety of colors and sizes available.

25
Answer Keys | Science 1001

ANSWER KEYS
SECTION 1
1.1 classification and organizing 1.21 noting differences between flowering and
1.2 Examples; any order: nonflowering plants; placing plants into four
a. botany groups
b. zoology (paleontology, microbiology) 1.22 Aristotle grouped plants; herb, shrub,
1.3 Adam tree. Theophrastos grouped plants: herb,
1.4 Either order: subshrub, tree, shrub.
a. taxonomy 1.23 drawings not correct myths added/guesses
b. genetics and untested information added
1.5 a. similarities 1.24 wrote about medical and agricultural uses of
b. differences plants
1.6 the Holy Spirit 1.25 firsthand observations
1.7 sort, group, or label anything 1.26 a. Carolus Linnaeus
1.8 It is used in everyday life, to enjoy life around b. “Father of Modern Taxonomy.”
us, to enjoy God’s handiwork. 1.27 Either order:
1.9 taxonomy is the science that brings order a. bionomial classification
and meaning to the puzzle of diversity b. extensive classifying of plants according
1.10 a group of organisms with many similarities to flower structures
(dogs are a kind of living thing) 1.28 Either order:
1.11 the genetic principle of parents producing a. Species Plantarum
offspring like themselves. b. Systema Naturae
1.12 true 1.29 stamen number in flowers
1.13 false 1.30 Linnaeus’s kinds were without variation.
1.14 false Today, we recognize that kinds do display
1.15 true variation. Example: all dogs are of one kind,
1.16 true but show wide variation in size, shape, color,
1.17 false habit.
1.18 true 1.31 He developed a system in which anyone
1.19 true could derive the same classification for the
1.20 three groups of plants (herbs, shrubs, trees) same organism. He used the talents God
and two groups of animals (with and without gave him for organizing and for perception
red blood cells) with a willingness and delight in his work.
God blessed his efforts.
1.32 Teacher check

26
 Science 1001 | Answer Keys

SELF TEST 1 SECTION 2

1.01 d 2.1 b
1.02 f 2.2 a
1.03 a 2.3 c
1.04 e 2.4 International Code of Nomenclature
1.05 c 2.5 Examples:
1.06 classification a. Names mean different things to different
1.07 Examples: people.
a. usefulness b. Foreign names not understood, or: many
b. harmful/food and poisonous names for same organism; no common
1.08 Adam name.
1.09 Aristotle 2.6 Examples: problems of common names,
1.010 horsehair unfamiliar plants and animals, confusing
1.011 doctrine of signatures names, setting rules for naming, different
1.012 added their own unproven ideas. standards of classifying.
1.013 Either order: 2.7 Passer is generic (genus) noun Latin for
a. reading books or printing books sparrow; domesticus is specific (species)
b. exploration/travel/navigation adjective meaning “around the house.”
1.014 Linnaeus 2.8 His name is abbreviated and follows name of
1.015 Either order: an organism.
a. similar 2.9 a. kingdom
b. different b. phylum or division
1.016 false c. class
1.017 true d. order
1.018 false e. family
1.019 false f. genus
1.020 true g. species
1.021 true 2.10 They are groups within groups. Smaller
1.022 e groups share many likenesses among
1.023 d themselves but they may share only a few
1.024 f within larger groups.
1.025 c 2.11 a. Example: honey bee
1.026 i b. Example: Apis mellifera and teacher check
1.027 a 2.12 The smallest group of the taxa contains very
1.028 k similar organisms (morphology almost the
1.029 g same), can only reproduce with others of the
1.030 b same group (reproductive isolation)
1.031 j 2.13 a. Example: dogs
1.032 binomial system, easier classifications, b. Examples: St. Bernard, Collie, German
number of stamens per flower Shepherd, Cocker Spaniel, Irish Setter,
1.033 In Rome people were more concerned with Husky, French Poodle
power; they copied old ideas over again. 2.14 varieties, races, subspecies
Greeks were more original and more 2.15 No. Their offspring, the mule, cannot
concerned with knowledge. reproduce. Reproductive isolation due to
(Answers may vary.) genetic differences.
1.034 By causing Adam to name the animals 2.16 subjective
(In “classifying” Creation into days) 2.17 Any order:
a. complexity of classifying
b. limitation of knowledge
c. limitations of personal experience
d. lack of firsthand information
2.18 computers or mathematics or statistics

27
Answer Keys | Science 1001

SELF TEST 2 SECTION 3

2.01 false 3.1 false
2.02 true 3.2 true
2.03 true 3.3 false
2.04 false 3.4 true
2.05 true 3.5 true
2.06 a 3.6 Teacher check
2.07 b 3.7 Teacher check
2.08 d 3.8 Teacher check
2.09 b 3.9 life
2.010 a 3.10 Any five; any order:
2.011 f a. unicellular or multicellular
2.012 g b. saclike body
2.013 b c. segmented or nonsegmented
2.014 e d. digestive system
2.015 c e. appendages or symmetry, number
2.016 h of legs, exo- or endo-skeleton, teeth
2.017 i patterns
2.018 a 3.11 Any order:
2.019 d a. protoplasm and cell(s)
2.020 variation or (subspecies, breeds, races and b. growth
varieties) c. reproduction
2.021 Either order: d. response to stimuli
a. different e. require food
b. similar f. removal of waste
2.022 a. noun g. respiration
b. genus 3.12 Any order:
2.023 morphology a. locomotion
2.024 order b. lack of cell wall in animal cells
2.025 species c. acquiring food
2.026 reproductive isolation d. manner of growth
2.027 subjective e. speed of reaction to stimuli
2.028 a. division 3.13 Examples:
b. phylum big
2.029 a. kingdom hairy
b. phylum or division four-legged
c. class spotted
d. order long teeth
e. family 3.14 a. Plantae
f. genus b. Anthophyta
g. species c. Monocotyledonae
2.030 Any two; either order: d. Poales
a. Complexity of classifying, limitations of e. Poaceae
knowledge f. Zea
b. limitations of personal experience, lack of g. mays
firsthand information 3.15 a. Plantae
2.031 Their offspring, the mule, cannot reproduce. b. Anthophyta
2.032 Genus name is first. It is capitalized and c. Dicotyledonae
is a noun. Species name is second, lower d. Rosales
case and functions as an adjective. Both are e. Rosaceae
italicized or underlined. f. Malus
g. sylvestris
3.16 Teacher check

28
 Science 1001 | Answer Keys

3.17 a. Animalia
b. Chordata
SELF TEST 3
c. Amphibia 3.01 e
d. Anura 3.02 d
e. Ranidae 3 03 i
f. Rana 3.04 g
g. pipiens or Rana pipiens 3.05 b
3.18 a. Animalia 3.06 l
b. Chordata 3.07 m
c. Mammalia 3.08 a
d. Carnivora 3.09 f
e. Felidae 3.010 k
f. Felis 3.011 true
g. leo 3.012 true
3.19 Teacher check 3.013 true
3.20 a. two (2) 3.014 true
b. six (6) 3.015 true
3.21 Example: 3.016 d
clear, consistent, not too complicated 3.017 c
3.22 Ginkophyta 3.018 c
3.23 Anthophyta 3.019 a
3.24 260,000 3.020 a
3.25 Chordata 3.021 key
3.26 Arthropoda 3.022 dichotomous key
3.27 about 1,000,000 3.023 parallel
3.28 more 3.024 Rana pipiens
3.29 Any two; either order: 3.025 a. -aceae
a. Protoplasm cells b. -ae
b. reproduction, respiration 3.026 a. division
3.30 Any two; either order: b. phylum
a. no cell walls, no chlorophyll 3.027 fewer
b. different growth, locomotion 3.028 Either order:
3.31 Any two; either order: a. red-blooded
a. protoplasm, cells, growth b. nonred-blooded
b. reproduction, respiration, food intake, 3.029 a. kingdom
locomotion b. phylum (division)
3.32 Any two; either order: c. class
a. walk upright, sensitivity d. order
b. intellect, reason, memory, speech e. family
3.33 Yes — people produce people, many f. genus
variations of people as a kind g. species
3.34 Examples: 3.030 First word is genus — underlined (italicized)
Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia and capitalized; noun. Second is species
Primates, Hominidae, Homo sapiens — underlined (italicized) and lower case;
adjective
3.031 Any two; either order:
a. locomotion, food intake
b. cell walls, chlorophyll

29
Answer Keys | Science 1001

SECTION 4 SELF TEST 4

4.1 Objectivity reports on fact or measurable 4.01 false
data only; subjective reports feeling and 4.02 true
emotions and opinions. 4.03 true
4.2 Artificial systems just look at characteristics 4.04 false
(selected at random or as outstanding) 4.05 true
while natural systems look at relationships 4.06 c
(whether real or implied). 4.07 b
4.3 new information and new descriptions, 4.08 a
based on chemistry, physiology, ecology, 4.09 f
genetics, and cytology 4.010 e
4.4 A way of grouping organisms by how they 4.011 b
look alike. 4.012 d
4.5 A way of grouping organisms by 4.013 c
relationships, by common ancestor, and by 4.014 c
evolution. 4.015 a forest
4.6 Either order: 4.016 a tree
a. animal husbandry 4.017 artificial
b. plant breeding 4.018 natural
4.7 one kind of organism into some other kind 4.019 speciation
4.8 a. O 4.020 creation
b. S 4.021 evolution
c. S 4.022 Objective is based on facts, subjective on
d. S feelings and emotions.
e. O 4.023 Greeks were original and interested in
4.9 archaeology science. Romans less interested and copied
4.10 look around us, to study the earth and life material.
on it and to see and know that God made 4.024 Either order:
everything. Don’t hide or protest this truth; a. Creation began thousands of years ago;
discover it for yourself. Test its validity. Prove evolution; billions
it for yourself. b. Creation; six days; evolution-millions of
4. 11 The basic kinds of life God created have years for each step
continued to reproduce their kinds within 4.025 second-largest in animal is phylum, in plant
limits of variation to produce life as we see it is division
today. 4.026 Their offspring, the mule, cannot reproduce
4.12 The one or few simple life forms developing which is one criteria for species.
by natural processes have produced new 4.027 The ability to reproduce only within a
kinds of life forms which we see today. species.
4.13 Any order; any five:
a. method of formation
b. time to happen
c. continuity of life
d. order of appearance
e. purpose or taxonomy
4.14 Topics will vary.
4.15 Paragraphs will vary.
4.16 Project will vary.

30
 Science 1001 | Answer Keys

LIFEPAC TEST
1. f 22. a
2. a 23. c
3. c 24. d
4. g 25. d
5. h 26. classification
6. i 27. Linnaeus
7. e 28. Either order:
8. j a. similarities
9. b b. differences
10. d 29. a. genus
11. true b. noun
12. false 30. a. species
13. false b. adjective
14. false 31. kingdom
15. true 32. three
16. d 33. speciation
17. b 34. morphology
18. a 35. key
19. a 36. two-choice key
20. a 37. artificial
21. b

31
Answer Keys | Science 1001

ALTERNATE LIFEPAC TEST

1. e 20. c
2. g 21. d
3. h 22. b
4. a 23. c
5. i 24. c
6. b 25. a
7. j 26. morphology
8. d 27. key
9. c 28. kingdom
10. f 29. classification
11. true 30. genus
12. true 31. species
13. false 32. Linnaeus
14. false 33. speciation
15. false 34. herbalist
16. d 35. population
17. c 36. dichotomy
18. b 37. evolution
19. b

32
 Science 1001 | Alternate LIFEPAC Test

SCIENCE 1001
ALTERNATE LIFEPAC TEST
NAME _______________________________________ 65
DATE _______________________________________ 81
SCORE _______________________________________

Match these items (each answer, 2 points).

1. ________ classification a. development of new species from an

ancestral species
2. ________ artificial system
b. the beginning
3. ________ variation
c. categories
4. ________ speciation
d. form of an organism
5. ________ kingdom
e. a system of distinguishing groups for
6. ________ origin
purposes of identification
7. ________ taxonomy
f. a classification plan based on
8. ________ morphology relationships of common ancestry

9. ________ taxon g. a classification plan based on grouping

by features
10. ________ natural system
h. differences among offspring of a
particular species

i. the largest taxonomical category

j. science of classification of organisms

Write true or false (each answer, 1 point).

11. ______________ Creation took six days.

12. ______________ A dictionary is an artificial system of classification.

13. ______________ The largest phylum of plant species is chordata.

14. ______________ Natural classification systems are based upon similarities in appearance.

15. ______________ The biosphere is a region of the atmosphere.

33
Alternate LIFEPAC Test | Science 1001

Write the letter for the correct answer on each line (each answer, 2 points).
16. Zea mays is an example of ___________ .
a. herbal nomenclature b. useful taxonomy
c. medical grouping d. binomial nomenclature
17. A scientist who classifies organisms is ___________ .
a. a physician b. a genus
c. a taxonomist d. an agriculturalist
18. There are ___________ plants than animals.
a. more b. fewer
c. the same number d. twice as many
19. The “Father of Zoology” was ___________ .
a. Pliny b. Aristotle
c. Carolus d. Brunfels
20. The science of inheritance is ___________ .
a. biology b. botany
c. genetics d. zoology
21. The language of taxonomy is ___________ .
a. Greek b. Swedish
c. English d. Latin
22. The smallest taxon is ___________ .
a. class b. species
c. division d. order
23. The name given to an organism that causes the least confusion and is the same worldwide is
___________ .
a. genus name b. common name
c. scientific name d. none of these
24. A good example of an artificial system of classification is ___________ .
a. a photo album b. a family tree
c. an encyclopedia d. a, b, and c
25. A tool used in classification is a ___________ .
a. key b. taxon
c. morphology d. phylum

34
 Science 1001 | Alternate LIFEPAC Test

Complete these statements (each answer, 3 points).

26. The way a plant looks is its ___________________________________________________________________ .
27. The tool used to classify is called a ___________________________________________________________ .
28. The largest taxon is __________________________________________________________________________ .
29. Taxonomy is the science of __________________________________________________________________ .
30. The first word of the scientific name is the ___________________________________________________ .
31. The second word of the scientific name is the________________________________________________ .
32. The “Father of Modern Taxonomy” was ______________________________________________________ .
33. Variation that results in the evolution of one species to another is called
________________________ .
34. The “doctrine of signatures” was characteristic of the ________________________________________ .
35. The kind of organism living in an area is _____________________________________________________ .
36. The word that means cut or split in two parts is _____________________________________________ .
37. The time required for _______________________________________ is millions of years for each step.

35
Alternate LIFEPAC Test | Science 1001

36
 SCI1020 – Apr ‘15 Printing

ISBN 978-0-86717-270-6
804 N. 2nd Ave. E.
Rock Rapids, IA 51246-1759

800-622-3070
www.aop.com 9 780867 172706