UNIT 3: SPEADSHEET

LESSON 1: 1.0 SPEADSHEET

A spreadsheet is a sheet where date and information is organized in rows and columns.
Spreadsheet is used to store information and data. it also enable the user to create an
electronic worksheet and provide facilities for the user to perform different calculation, create
tables and charts and produce reports .in the market, there are many spreadsheet applications
such as Microsoft excel, Google spreadsheet and apache open office calc. in this lesson, we will
focus primarily on Microsoft excel.
Microsoft excel 2016 offer powerful tools that enable user to organize, analyse, manage and
share information easily. The information of excel and locations where you do your work are
cell, rows, and column within a worksheets and worksheet as part of a work book. The column
are vertical and the row are horizontal. A cell is where column intersect with a row. Each cell is
identified by its column letter and row number. Thus the very first cell in the upper left hand
corner is called A1. A cell may contain data and may be used within the spreadsheet for data
calculation. The ribbon, the quick access toolbar and the file menu are extremely useful when
you working with excel inveroment.
1.1 GETTING STARTED MICROSCOPE EXCEL
Whenever you want to work on excel, start screen, you will show up.
To open microscope excel.
1. Select to start button
2. Type excel in the search box
3. From the start screen, locate and select blank workbook to access the excel interface.

1.2WORKING WITH THE EXCEL INVEROMENT

In the Microsoft excel, ribbon and quick access toolbar are the commands in excel that are used
to perform common tasks. The backstage view allows you to save, open a file, print, and share
you document in different ways.
The Ribbon: Unlike traditional menus, excel uses a tabbed ribbon system. The ribbon includes
several tabs, each with several command group. Use these tabs to perform the most common
tasks in excel, with each tabs having one or more group.
THE CHANGING DISPAY OPTION IN RIBBON
1. Auto hide ribbon: auto hide will display your workbook in full screen mode and hide the
ribbon completely.
2. Show tabs: this option hides all group of commands when not in use, but tabs will
remain visible.
3. Show tabs and commands: this option makes the ribbon maximum. All tabs and
commands are set to be visible.
 THE QUICK ACCESS TOOLBAR
Quick access toolbar is just above the ribbon and allows you to access common commands
regardless of which tab is selected. By default, it contain the commands save, undo, and repeat.
1. Click the drop down arrow to the right of the quick access toolbar.
2. Select the commands you want to add from the drop down menu.
3. The command will be added to the added to the quick access toolbar.
1.3 WORK VIEW
Excel has a variety of viewing options which change the display of you workbook, these views
can be useful for different tasks, especially if you plan to print the spreadsheet.
1. Normal view: is the default view for all excel worksheet.
2. Page layout view: this view also allows you to add header and footers.
3. Page break view: this view also allows you to change the position of the page break,
when printing a lot of data from excel.
HOW TO CHANGE WORKSHEET VIEW
Locate in the excel window’s bottom right corner and chose either normal view, page layout
view, or page break view.
LESSON 2: 2.0 WORKING WITH WORKBOOK AND FORMATING WORKSHRRTS
A workbook is the file that contain one or more worksheet to help you organize data.
Worksheet is a document that consists of rows, column and cell. In each cell, the user can enter
texts, date, number, mathematical formula and functional.

TO CREATE A NEW BLANK WORKBOOK

1. Select the file tab and the backstage view will appear
2. Select new then click blank workbook
3. Anew blank workbook will appear.
TO OPEN AN EXISTING WORKBOOK:
In addition to creating new workbook, save ,time you need to open a work book that was
previously saved.
1. Select the file tab and the backstage view will appear
2. Click open then click browse
3. The open dialog box will appear, locate and select your workbook click open
USING EXCEL TEMPLdbcnATE
In Microsoft excel, template is a pre designed spreadsheet one can use to create a new
worksheet quickly. Template often include custom formatting and predefined formulas, so they
can save you a lot of time and effort when starting a new project.
 CREATE A NEW WORKBOOK FROM A TEMPLTE
1. Click the file tab to access backstage view
2. Select new several template will appear below the blank workbook option
3. Select a template to review it
4. A preview of the template will appear, along with additional information on how to
tablet can be used.
5. Click create to use the selected template
6. A new workbook will appear with the select template
SAVED EXCEL
EVERYTIME YOU CREAT ANEW WORKBOOK IN EXCEL , YOUO NEED TO KNOW HOW TO SAVE IT SO THAT
YOU CAN ACCESS AND EDIT IN LATER .EXCEL PROVIDES TWO WAYS OF SAVE A FILE :

SAVE AND SAVE US

1. Click the file tab to access black stage view
2. To save work book to your computer , click browse

USING SAVE AS TO MAKE A COPY

excel provide a save as option which allows you to save a different version of work book while
maintaining the original

1. Click the file tab to access black stage view

2. Click the save as command in black stage view
3. Choose where to save the file and give a new file name

2.1 FORMATING WORKSHEET

In excel by default the cell content use same formatting, which can make it had to read a workbook if
the workbook has a lot of imformation. Basic formatting will customize your workbook by allowing you
to facus attention on specific section and your content easier to see and restand.

TO CHANGE THE FRONT SIZE

1. Select the you want to modify the font size

2. On the home tab click drop down arrow next to font size command then select the desire font
size
3. The next will change to the selected font size
TO CHANGE THE FONT

Excel font by default , the font each new work book is set to Calibri. How ever excel provides many other
font you can use to customize you cell text

1. Select the cell you want to modify the font style

2. On the home tab , click the drop down arrow next to the font command then select the desired
font.
3. The text will change to the select font
 TO CHANGE THE FONT COLOUR
1. Select the cell you want to change its font colour
2. Click the drop down arrow next to font colour command on the home tab, then pick the
colour of font you like.
3. The text will change to the selected font colour.
TO USE THE BOLD, ITALIC, AND UNDER LINE COMMAND.

Excel provides ability to change font style which will make your workbook more interest. Various text
style, such as bold or italic, will high light the text. Underlining can be useful for headings.

1. Select the cells you want to modify the text style

2. On the home tab click the bold (B) italic (i) or underline (u)command
3. The select text style will be applied to the text.
CELL BORDERS AND FILL COLOUR

Excel provides fill colours and cell borders which allow you to create clear and defined boundaries for
different sections of you worksheet

CELL BORDERS AND FILL COLOURS.

1. Select the cell you want to modify.

2. Click the drop down arrow next to the fill colour command on the home tab.
3. Select the fill colour command on the home tab
4. The select fill colour will appear in the selected cells as shown below
TO ADD A BORDER
1. Select the cell you want to modify.
2. Click the drop down arrow next to the borders command on the home tap.
3. Select the border style you want use.
4. Select border style will appear.
CELL STYLES

Instead of manually formatting cells, you can use the pre designed cell styles by excel. Cell styles are easy
way to add professional formatting styles for your workbook, such as titles headers.

TO APPLY ACELL STYLE

1. Select the cell you want to modify.

2. On the home tab, click the cell styles command, then select the preferred style from the
drop down menu.
3. The selected cell style will appear.

LESSON 3: WORKING WITH DATA

3.0 WORKING WITH DATA IN WORKSHEET

The work sheet is composed of thousands of rectangles, called cells. A cell intersection of arrow and a
column, meet. Columns are identified by letters and rows by numbers. Based on their column and row,
each cell has its own name or cell address. For example, if the selected cell intersects column G and row
8, the cell address is G8.
The cell also appears in the top left corner of the name box and when the cell is selected, the column and
row headings of a cell are highlighted. Excel also has a feature for selecting multiple cells at a time. you
will refer to a cell range rather than a single cell address using the cell addresses of the first and last cells
within the cell range, separated by a colon.

For example, arrange of cells included cells D4, D5,D6,D7,D8 would be written as D4:D8

TO SELECT A CELL

In excel you must know how to select cells in worksheet before you can enter your worksheet data in
Microsoft offline excel.

1. Click a cell that you want to select

2. The cell border will appear around the selected cell and will highlight the heading of a
column and the heading of the row.
TO SELECT A RANGE OF CELLS.
1. Click and drag the mouse until you highlight all the adjacent cells you wish to select.
2. Release the mouse to choose the required range of cells. The cells will remain in the
worksheet until you click on anther cell.
CELL CONTENT

The cell content may contain various content types, including text, formatting , formulae and functions.,

1. Text: cells may contain text, for example letters, numbers, and dates.
2. Formatting attributes: cells may contain formatting attributes which change the display
of letters, numbers, and dates.
3. Formulas and functions: cell may contain formula and functions for calculating cell value

TO INSERT CLNTENT

1. Click a cell to select it. In our example, will select cell B3

2. Type something into the selected cell, then press enter on your keyboard the content will
appear in the cell and the formula bar. You can also input and edit cell content in the
formula bar
TO DELETE OR CLEAR CELL CONTENT
1. Select the cell (s) with content you want to delete
2. On the home tab, select the clear command, then click clear content.
3. The content of the cells are delete.

TO DELETE CELLS
1. Select the cell (s) you want to delete
2. Select delete command on the ribbon from home tab
3. the cells below are going to shift up and fill in the gaps

TO COPY, CUT AND PASTE CELL CONTENT

Excel home tab in the clip board group commands are buttons for launching cut or copy. After activation
command cut or copy selected cells or selective area changes appearance and the auter border cells
appearing dotted line border. As long as these dotted lines are visible, the activated commands are
referred to the selected cell and can be used further.

TO DO THIS

1. Select the cell(s) you want to copy. In our example we will select B3
2. Click the copy commands on the home tab, or press ctrl +c on you keyboard.
3. Select the cell (s) where you want to past the content
4. The copied cell (s) will have a dashed box around them.
5. Click the past commands on the home tab, or press ctrl+ v on you keyboard
6. The content will be pasted into the selected cells

TO CUT AND PASTEN CELL CONTENT

Unlike coping and pasting, which duplicate cell content, cutting allows you to move content between
cells.

1. Select the cell (s) you want to cut.

2. Right-click the mouse and select the cut command.
3. Select the cells you want the content to be pasted into
4. Right-click the move and choose the paste command
5. The cut content will be removed from the original cells and pasted in to the selected cells.
TO DRAG AND DROP CELLS CONTENT

Instead of cutting, coping, and pasting, excel provides away to drag and drop cells to move their
contents. To do this :

1. Select the cell (S) you want to move.

2. Hover the mouse over the border of the selected cell (S) until the mouse changes to a pointer
with four arrows.
3. Click and drag the cells to the desired location.
4. Release the mouse. The cells are dropped in the selected location.
TO USE THE FILL HANDLE

The excel fill handle is a good alternative to the copy and paste commands, and you can quickly and
easily add data to multiple rows and columns using the fill handle. To do this.

1. Select the cell (s) that contains the content you want to use, then hover the mouse over the
lower right corner of the cell so that the filling handle appears.
2. Click and drag the fill handle until all of the cells you want to fill are selected.
3. Release the mouse to fill the selected cells.
TO MODIFY COLUMN WIDTH
1. Position the mouse in the column heading over the column line, so that the cursor becomes a
double arrow.
2. To increase or decrease column width, click and drag the mouse
3. The column width will be changed.

TO AUTOFIT COLUMN WIDTH

 Excel provides Auto fit feature that allows you to set the width of a column that will automatically fit
its content. To do this

1. Place the mouse in the column heading over the column, so that the cursor becomes a double.
2. Double-click on the mouse. The width of the column will be automatically changed to fit the
content.

TO MODIFY ROW HEIGHT:

1. Place the cursor over the line of the row so that it becomes a double arrow.
2. Click and drag on the mouse to increase or decrease the height of the row.
3. Release the mouse. The height of the selected row will be changed

TO MODIFY ALL ROWS OR COLOUMN

1. Click the select all button just below the name box.
2. Place the mouse over a line of a row so that the cursor becomes a double arrow.
3. Click and drag the mouse to increase or decrease the height of the row, then release the mouse
if satisfied. The row height will be changed for the entire work sheet.
INSERTING, DELETING, MOVING AND HIDING
Excel provides a useful feature in which you can insert new rows or columns, delete a certain
columns or rows, even hide them or move them to a different location in the work sheet.
TO INSERT ROWS:

1. Select the place or a row below where you want the new row to appear.
2. On the home tab, click the insert commands.

The new row shows up above the selected row.

TO INSERT COLUMNS

1. Select the column heading where you want the new column to appear.
2. On the home tab, click the insert command.
3. The new column will appear to the left of the selected column.
TO DELETE A ROW OR COLUMN

Excel provide an easy way to delete a column or row that you no longer.

To do this:

1. Select the row or column that you want to delete.

2. On the home tab, click the delete commands.
3. The selected row will be deleted, and those around it will shift.

TO HIDE AND UNHIDE A ROW OR COLUMN:

Excel allows you to hide rows and columns as needed. To do this:

1. Select the columns you want to hide.

2. Right- click the columns and then select hide.
3. The columns will be hidden and excel will show you the green column line which
indicates where the hided columns are located.
4. To unhide the columns, select the columns on both sides of the hidden columns.
WRAPPING TEXT AND MERGING CELLS

Wrap text feature will automatically modify a cells row height, allowing cell contents to be displayed on
multiple lines and merge text feature allows you to combine a cell with adjacent empty cell to one large
cell.

TO WRAP TEXT IN CELLS

1. Select the cell you want to wrap.

2. On the home tap ,click the wrap Text command.
3. The text will be wrapped in the selected cell.

TO MERGE CELLS USING THE AND CENTTRE COMMAND

1. Select the range you want to merge ,

2. On the Home tab , click the merge and centre

3. the selected cell will be merge and the text will be centred.

LESSON 4: USING BASIC FORMULA AND FUNCTIONS

4.0 : BASIC FORMULAS

A formulas is a set of mathematical introductions which can be used to perform calculation in

excel .formulas are applied in the formula box with an equal (=) sing are the beginning of the formula .
the fallowing mathematical operators in an Microsoft excel .

DISPLAYING FORMULAS

1. Click cell A1.

2. Type =7+8~3/2-4 and press inter you just entered a formula.
PERFORMING BASIC MATHMATECAL CALCULASTION
1. Open a new workbook
2. Type 100 in cell a 1 then press enter
3. Type 20 in cell B 1 then press enter
4. In cell C1, to add two cell values type = A1+ B1 and press enter. The result 120
5. In cell c1, subtract two cell values types =A1-B1 and press enter. The result is 80
6. In cell D1 to multiply two cell values types =A1*b1 and press enter. The result is 2000
 7. In cell E1, to divide two cell values type =A1/B1 and press enter the result is 5.

4.1: functions

Functions provides an easy way to quickly and covenant perform mathematical operation on a range of
cells. Here you learn how to use some of the basic functions in excel. SUM, COUNT, AVERAGE, MIN AND
MAX.

COMMON FUNCTIONS IN EXCEL

1. SUM: adds all cells in the argument

2. Count: finds the number of cells that contain a numerical value a rage argument
3. Average: calculation the average of the cells in the argument.
4. Min: finds the minimum value
5. Max: finds the maximum value
USING THE SUM FUNCTIONS

One of the most common calculation performed one worksheet data is the addition of a number of cells.
The sum functions sums all cells in a set, with ease and accuracy.

TO USE SUM FUNCTION IN EXCEL

1. Open a new work

2. Type 10 in cell A1 and then press enter .
3. Type A2 and then press enter.
4. In cell A3 type =sum (A1:A2) and press enter. The result is 30

USING THE AVERAGE FUNCTION

The average functions add a set of cells and then divides by the number of cell entries. The means value
of all values in the rage is determined.

TO USE AVERAGE FUNCTION IN EXCEL

1. Open a new workbook

2. Type 100 in cell A1, 350 in cell A2 and 20 in cell A3
3. In cell A4, type= average (A1:A3) and press enter. The result is 156.67
USING THE MIN FUNCTION

You can calculate the minimum value in a range of cells using the MIN function.

TO USE MIN FUNCTION IN EXCEL:

1. Open a new work book.

2. Type 15 in cell A1,37 in cell A2 and 19 in cell A3.
3. In cell A4, type= min (A1:A3) AND press enter. The result is 15.
USING THE MAX FUNCTION

The max function returns the maximum value with in a set of values. The max function works the same
way as the MIN function, except that max defines the maximum value with in a number of cells.

TO USE MAX FUNCTION IN EXCEL

 1. Open a new workbook
2. Type 15 in A1, 37 in A2 AND 19 in A3 CELL.
3. In cell A4, TYPE= max (A1:A3) and press enter. The result is 37.
USING THE COUNT FUNCTION

THE count function counts the number of cells containing numbers, and counts numbers in the argument
list.

TO USE COUNT FUNCTION IN EXCEL

1. Open a new workbook.

2. Type 15 in A1 in 37 in A2 in A3.
3. IN cell A4, type=count (A1:A3) and press enter. The result is 3.

COPYING AND PASTING FORMULAS AND FUNCTION

Excel has a feature to copy and paste formula and function. To do this

1. Select the cell containing the formula that you want to copy.
2. On the home tab in the clipboard group, click copy.
3. Do one of the following
-To paste the formula and any formatting, in the clipboard group of the home tab, click paste.
-to paste the formula only, in the clipboard group of the home tab, click paste, click paste
special, and then click formulas.
LESSON 5: CREATING TABLES AND CHARTS.

5.0: WORKING WITH TABLES AND CHARTS.

In a work sheet, you can format you data using TABLES and CHARTS . That improves the look and feel of
your work book and allows you to organize your data, make it easier to understand better data.

Excel provides several tools and pre designed table and chats styles that helps you to create tables and
insert charts more quickly and easily.

TO CREATE AFORMATTED TABLE:

1. Select the cells in the list of data that you want organized
2. Click insert tab.
3. Then, click the table command
4. Create table dialog box will appear click ok.
FORMAT DATA AS TABLE

1. Select the cell that you want format

2. On the home tab, click format data as table and then select the desired style from the table
style group
3. Click an drop down arrow on the right to see more styles
SORTING AND FILTERING DATA
Sorting and filtering data enables you manipulate the data passed on specified set of criteria in a work
sheet

BASIC SORTS

To perform a basic descending or ascending sort based on one column

1. High light the cells on the table that you want to sort out
2. On the home tab, click the sort and filter button
3. Then, click sort smallest to largest (ascending, A-Z) button or sort largest to smallest
( descending Z-A ) button
BUTTON SORT

To sort more than one column

1. On the home tab, click the sort & filter button

2. Select which column you need to sort first
3. then, click add level
4. choose the next column that you like to sort
5. after that, click ok
FELTRING DATA.

Filtering helps you only to show data that satisfied certain requirement. To filter data

1. click the column or columns that contain the data you desired to filter
2. in the home tab, editing commands, click on the sort & filter button.
3. Click filter option.
4. Click the arrow at the desired column
5. Check the words you wish to filter
BUILDING CHARTS

Charts helps you to present the details in a graphical format in the worksheet. Excel offers many types of
charts including : column chart, line chart, pie chart, bar chart, area chart, surface chart and more.

TO CREATE CHART

1. Select the cells containing the data you would like to use in the chart
2. Click the insert tab on the ribbon
3. Click the types of chart you would like to create.
4. Then the chart you select is inserted in the worksheet
5. For example, a worksheet where four month’s sales for each of five employees of a company
were recorded as shown below from the worksheet s corresponding column chart was created.
CHARTS AND LAYOUT STYLE

After you have added a chart, there are several items you might want to modify about how you data is
shown. In the design tab, you can manage and control the type layout syles and position of the chart.

1. Click the add chart element command on the design tab

2. Then choose the desired element from drop down menu
3. To edit a chart element, like a chart little, simply double click the place holder and begin tying.
 TO CHANGE THE CHART LAYOUT
1. On the design tab, click the quick layout command
2. Select the preferred layout from the drop down menu

TO CHABGE THE CHART STYLE

1. Select the desired style from the chart style group

2. Click the drop down arrow on the right to see more styles
TO CHANGE THE CHART TYPE
1. Click the change chart type command on the design tab
2. The change chart type dialog box will appear
3. Select a new chart type and layout
4. Then click ok.

LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION OF MULTEDIA

DEFINITIO.

Multimedia is the combined use of text, graphics, sound, animation, video, and any other medium where
knowledge of all kinds can be digitally replicated, stored, transmitted, processed and controlled by
computer.

Element of multimedia.

 Text: all digit or multimedia production have a certain amount of text is the basic for word
processing program and is still the fundamental information used in many multimedia program.
The text may have different types of fonts and size to much provincial presentation of multimedia
software

These are called multimedia audio or video components. Audios are of optical and analog forms. The
initial sound signal is referred to as analog audio. The sound is processed in digital form by computer and
it used in multimedia application.

 Animation: is a method whereby a static image looks as if it is moving and is merly continuous series
of still images shown is a sequence. Animation is further used to enhance the user’s experiene to
better understand the converted knowledge and also used to attract the user’s attention.. It make
the presentation more attractive.
 Graphics. Graphics make multimedia application more attractive users often don’t like reading large
amount of textual content in the computer . therefore, graphics are used to illustrate a concept in
concise rather than presenting large details of texts
 Video the term video refers to a moving image followed by sound like a television frame. Multimedia
application video dimension provides a lot of information in a limited period of time.
Digital video is useful for displaying real life artifacts in multimedia applications.
When placed on the internet, video has the highest output demand on the machine
Memory and bandwidth.
 You can store digital video files like any other file on your computer and the quality of the video can
still be sustained.
You can also transfer the digital video files inside a computer network. The digital video clips are easy
to edit.

APPLICATION OF MULTIMEDIA
1. Multimedia in business: multimedia application are used by organisms for various purposes
together with communication technology, the multimedia technology has opened doors for
global work community detail. Team members of a project can work together while they are in
different locations or working for different companies.
2. Multimedia in marketing and adverting: new technologies can be significantly improves by using
digital marketing. Multimedia contact is improving an inexpensive cost thus has opened the way
for marketing and advertisement for workers. Presentation that includes flying banners, video
transitions, animations and sound effects are some of the component used to create a
multimedia based commercial to appeal customers in a way that has never been done before
and to facilitate the selling and buying of good.
LESSON 2 : WORKING WITH MICROSOFT PUBLISHING

Microsoft publisher is a desktop publishing program that can be used to create, edit, and share
professional quality and visually rich publications. It provides a great collection of designs, templates and
features that make it easy to design and publish a wide range of publications such as brochures,
newsletters, business cards, flyers, posters, and invitation cards.

GETTING STARTED WITH MICROSOFT PUBLISHER

You can start publisher 2016 from the start menu or by double –clicking an existing publisher file. The
start screen appear, prompting you to either open an existing publication or create a new publication.

To start publisher from the start men;

1. click the start button.2.

2. type publisher in the search box.
3. Select publisher from the results.
4. The start screen appear.
5. In the right pane, click BLANK A4 (Portrait).A new, publisher interface opens in the program
window.
THE PUBLISHER INTERFACE
All the Microsoft office 2016 applications. Have a common user interface which you can apply basic
techniques that you will learn in one program to other. The publisher 2016 interface displays a wide
range of components that allows you to work efficiently on a publication. These interface
components provides access to all the commands and features in the publisher.
 Title bar: displays the name of the publish and the program at the top of the program window.
The buttons available on the right side of the title bar are used to minimize, restore, maximize,
and close the program window.
  Quick access toolbar: appears on the left side of the title bar and contains mostly used
commands that are independent of the tab display on the ribbon.
 Ribbon: locate the top of the program window, directly under the title bar, and contain a set of
tabs. Each of the tabs contain groups of related commands.
 Pages pane: appears on the left side of the publish window and shows a thumbnail for each
page in the publication. Page pane can be used to navigate to a specific page by clicking its
thumbnail, and rearrange pages by dragging thumbnail.
 Workspace: displays the contents of the current page and appears below the ribbon.
 Scratch area: the gray area surrounding the workspace. This aids as a holding space for any
objects you might want to pull off the workspace and reuse elsewhere. Item in this area will not
appear when you produce the publication.
 Status bar: locates at the bottom of the program window and show information about the
publication such as page number, object position and object size. The tools on the right side of
the status bar can be used to change the view and adjust the zoom level.

THE BACKSTAGE VIEW

The file tab is used to show the backstage view which contains all the commands used to manage files
and customize programs. It provides an easy way to create open, save, print, share, export, and close file.
View and update file properties: set program options : and more.

TO DISPLAY THE BACSTAGE VIEW

1. Click the file tab on the ribbon.

TO EXIST THE BACKSTAGE VIEW
1. Click back button in the upper-left corner of the backstage view orr, press the ESC key.
CREATING A NEW PUBLICATION

You can create a publication from scratch with blank template and add the desired content and design
elements, or you can save time and efforts by creating a new publication based on pre-designed
template.

These templates contain content and design elements that you can modify to meet your needs.
Publisher 2016 includes a variety of templates for creating publications such as newsletters, brochures,
flyers, and posters. In addition Microsoft offers hundreds of templates of free from the office.com
website.

CREATING BLANK PUBLICATION

You can create a blank publication on the start screen when you start publisher

You can also create a blank publication while publisher is running.

TO CREATE BLANK PUBLICATION

1. On the file tab, click new. The new page of the backstage view opens.
2. Click blank A4 ( portrait| or blank A4 |landscape|. Then new blank publication opens in a new
window.

NOTE | if you want to access additional blank page sizes.

 1. Click more blank page sizes on the backstage view.
2. Select the desired page size in the centre pane.
3. Then click the create button in the right pane.

CREATE PUBLICATION FROM TEMPLATES

In publisher, the best way to create a publication is to choose a pre-designed template right when you
start a publisher. Options for changing the template colours, fonts, text, and graphics are available as
soon as you choose a template.

To create a publication based on a template :

1. On the file tab, click new. The new page of the backstage view opens and displays thumbnails of the
featured templates. If you want to access more available templates click more templates.
2. Select or search templates available on office tab or click built-in tab and select the desired category.
3. Click the thumbnail of the template that you want to use. A preview window opens and displays a
larger image of the selected template with additional information.
4. Click the create button. The publisher will create a new publication depending on the selected
template and opens it in a new window.

SAVING PUBLICATIONS

When a publication is created, you can save it your computer. Us the Save us command when you save a
publication for the first time or if you want to save a copy of the publication in a different location, file
name or file format. Use the save command to save changes to an existing publication.

To save a publication for the first time :

1. On the flie tab, click save as. The save as page of the backstage view appears.
2. Then click the browse button or a recent folder in the right pane.
3. In the save as dialog box, select a location to save the file, type a name In the file name box, and
then click the save button as shown.

Note | you can save a copy of your publication in PDF and any of several image formats, such as jpeg, for
easy sharing. To access other available formats, in save as dialog box, select formats from the save as
type field.

To save changes to a publication :

1. On the file tab, click Save. Or, click the save button on the quick access toolbar, if you wish you can
press Ctrl+s.

OPENING PUBLICATIONS

You can locate and open an existing publication from the start screen when publisher starts or from the
open page of the backstage view. The start screen and the open page also display a list of recently used
publications which you can quickly open by clicking them.

To open a publication:
1. On the file tab, click open. The open page of the backstage view opens, displaying a list of recently
used publications in the right pane.
2. Click the browse button or select a recent folder in the right pane.
3. In the open publication dialog box, locate and select the file that you want to open, and then click
the open button.

WORKING WITH TEXT

To add text to a publications, you must first insert a text box, and then enter text into the text box. You
can type text directly into the text box or paste text from another file.

To add a text box to your publication:

1. To create a new publisher, click the file tab and then click new.
2. On the home tab, click the draw text box button.
3. In the publication, place on corner when you want the text box to appear, then drag diagonally until
you have the desired text box size, and then release the mouse button. The cursor will appear in the
text box.
4. Type the text that you want to add.
5. After you are finished, click outside the text box to deselect it.

ADJUSTING THE TEXT BOX

Once the text box has been placed within your publication, you can be resized and moved it within the
publication. When selected, a text box will display sizing handles that can be used to resize and
reposition the text box.

When there is no enough space within the text box to display all the text, it will be partially cut off and
the sizing handles will turn red.

Note| This can be fixed by resizing the text box, or linking the text box to another.

Resizing text box:

1. Click on the text within your text box. The sizing handles will appear around the border of the text
box.
2. To resize the text box, place your mouse over one of the sizing handles, click and drag.

LINKING TEXT BOXES

If you want a text to flow from one text box to another, you can link the text boxes.

If the text boxes are linked, text that does not fit into the first text box will flow into the next linked text
box.

To link two text box:

1. Click in the first text box.

2. In the text box tools, on the format tab, in the linking group, click the create link button. The mouse
pointer changes to a pitcher.
3. Click in the text box that you want to link to. Then two text boxes are linked and any too exceeding
text in the first text box will appear in the second text box.

To move between linked text boxes:

1. Click in a linked text box.

2. In the text box tools, on the format tab, in the linking group, click the next button or previous
button.

Note | you can also move from one linked text box to another by clicking the arrows that appear on the
right and left side of linked text boxes.

To break the link between two text boxes:

1. Click in the first text box.

2. Under the text box tools. On the format tab, in the linking group, click the break button. This action
will break the link between the two text boxes and all of the text will be placed in the first text box.

FORMATTING TEXT

You can improve the appearance of your publication and enhance its overall readability by formatting
the text. Text formatting includes changing the font, font size, font colour, and font styles as well as
changing a paragraphs indentation, alignment, and spacing.

To format text:

1. First select the text that you want to format.

2. Under the home tab, in the font group, do one of the following:
 To change the font style, click the font arrow, and select the desired font from the list.
 To increase or decrease the font size, click the font size arrow, and select the desired
font size from the list, click in the font size field , type the desired number, and then
press the enter key.
 To bold, italicize, or underline the selected box, click the bold button, the italic button, or
the underline button respectively.
 To change the spacing between characters, click the character spacing button and select
the desired spacing.
 To change the chosen font colour, click the font colour arrow, and select the desired
colour from palette.

To remove all formatting from text:

1. Select the text that you want to remove the format.

2. Click the clear all formatting button.

To format a paragraph:

1. Select the paragraph to format.

2. Click the home tab, in the paragraph group, and do one of the following:
  To create a bulleted or numbered list, click the bullets button or the numbering button,
and select the desired style from the menu.
 To change the indentation, click the increase the indent position button or the decrease
indent position button.
 To change the alignment, click the align left button, the centre button, the align right
button, or the justify button.
 To change the line or paragraph spacing, click the line spacing button or the paragraph
spacing button, and select the desired spacing from the menu.

To apply special text effects:

1. Select the text to format

2. Under the text box tools, on the format tab, in the word art styles group, and do the following:
 To apply the available pre-designed text style, select the desired style from the word art styles
gallery. To apply more styles rather the featured ones, click the More button in the lower-right
corner of the word art styles gallery to expand it.
 To change the fill or outline color, click the text fill arrow or text outline arrow, and select the desired
color from the color.
 To apply specific text effect, click the text effect button point to the desired effect, and select the
desired option from the sub menu.

To change the direction of the text:

1. Select the text to format

2. Under the text box tools, on the format tab, in the text group, click on the text direction button.

To format a text box:

1. Click the text box you want to select

2. Under the drawing tools, on the format tab, in the shape styles group, do one of the following:
 To choose the fill or outline color for the text box, click the shape fill or shape outline arrow, and
select the desired color from the color plate.
 To apply a specific shape effect on text box, click the shape effects button, point the cursor to the
desired effect, and select the desired option from the submenu.
 To apply one of the pre-defined shape style, select the desired style from the shape styles gallery.

ADDING A DROP CAP TO A TEXT BOX

A drop cap is a formatting style used to mark the first paragraph of publication by making the first latter
of the paragraph larger. To add a drop cap to a text box:

1. Highlight the first latter in a paragraph that you want to add a drop cap to.
2. Under the text box tools, on the format tap, in the typography group click on drop cap and select
the desired drop cap style.
3. The drop cap style will be applied to the paragraph and latter in your selected text box.

WORKING WITH PICTURES

 A picture is a great way to enhance your publication and add visual interest to a publication that can
be used to communicate ideas or convey information. After inserting a picture, you can modify it to
better fit, the design and layout of publication.

To insert a picture:
1. On the insert tab, in the illustrations group, click the picture button.
2. In the insert picture dialog box, locate and select the picture that you want to insert, and then
click the insert button.

When a picture is selected, the picture tools format tab becomes available on the ribbon.

The tools of this tab can be used to modify the picture and enhance its appearance.

CROPPING PICTURES

Cropping is often used to hide or trim part of a picture, either for emphasis or to remove unwanted
parts.

To crop a picture:
1. Click to select the picture that you want to crop.
2. Under picture tools, on the format tab, in the crop group, click the crop button, cropping
handles appear at the corners and on the sides of the picture.
3. Drag the cropping handles until the picture shows only the part of you want to keep.
 To crop on side, drag the centre cropping handle on that side inward.
 To crop equally on two sides at once, hold down the ctrl key as you drag the center cropping handle
in their side inward.
 To crop equally on all four sides at once, hold down the ctrl key as you drag a corner cropping
handle inward.
 When you are finished, click outside the picture or press the ESC key.

RESIZING PICTURES

You can resize pictures to fit the layout of a publication. Resizing changes, the dimensions of the
picture by stretching or shrinking.

To resize picture
1. Click the picture to select it. Sizing handles appear in the corners and on the sides of the picture
2. Drag any of sizing handles toward the center of the picture to make it smaller, or away from the
center to enlarge it.
MOVING PICTURES
You can enhance your publication by placing pictures in the best possible location on the page.
TO MOVE A PICTURE
1. Place the mouse pointer over the picture until the pointer becomes a four-headed arrow and
then drag the picture to the desired location on the page.
WRAPPING TEXT AROUND PICTURES

You can wrap text around, over and under, or through a picture. You can also edit the wrap points which
can be useful with irregular shapes.
TO WRAP TEXT AROUND A PICTURES

1. Click to select the pictures around which you want to wrap the text.
2. On the HOME tab, in the ARRANGE group, click the WRAP TEXT button, and select the desired
option.
Inserting building blocks

BUILDING BLOCK ARE PRE FORMATTE PAGE ELEMENT THAT ARE STORED IN GALLERIES. YOU CAN USE
BUILDING BLOCK TO QUICKLY INSERT DESIGN ELEM NT INTO A PUBLICATION. AFTER INSERTING
ABUILDING BLOCK, YOU CAN MODIFY IT TO SUIT YOUR NEEDS, these are the available building block in
Microsoft publisher.

Page part ; includes pre – formatted structural element such as headings, pull quotes, sidebars, and
stories.
Calender ; include preformatted monthly calender .
Borders and accent; includes graphic element such as bars and frames.
Advertisements; includes pre – formatted advertisements and coupons.
TO INSERT ABUILDING BLOCK
1.on the insert tab, in the building blocks group, click the desired building block groups, and select the
desired building block from the gallery.

WORKING WITH PAGES

The pages pane is very useful when creating a publication with multiple pages. It appears on the left side
of the program windows and displays a thumbnail for each page in the publication, allowing you to scroll
pages pane.

INSERTING PAGES

You can insert additional pages into a publication to accommodate the contents.

Depending on your needs, you can insert a blank page or duplicate an existing page.

TO INSERT A page

1. In the PAGE pane, select the page before or after which you want to insert ANEW page. .

2. On the INSERT tab, in the pages group, click the page arrow and do one of following.

Click insert blank page to insert a blank page after the current page.

Click insert duplicate page to insert a copy of the current page.

Click insert page to open the insert page dialog box, select the desired options, and then click the OK
button.

Changing the page margins

Margins are the areas between the content of a publicati on and edges of the page. You
can change the page margins by selecti ng one of the pre-set margins or by setti ng
customized margins
To change the page margins

1. On the page design tab, in the page setup group, click the margins button , and select the
desired margin setting

Changing the page size

publisher offers many standard page size. You can change the size of a page by selecting one of the pre-
set page sizes or by creating a creating a customized page size.

To change the page size

1. on the page design tab, in the page setup group, click the size button, and select the design page size

Changing the page orientation

Orientation refers to whether the page is laid out horizontally (landscape) or vertically (portrait).

To change the page orientation

1. on the page design tab, in the page setup group, click the Orientation button, and then click
Portrait or Landscape.

MOVING PAGES

The pages pane provides a convenient way to rearrange the pages in a publication.

To move page:

1. in the pages pane, drag the page you want to move to its new location. All the pages are
renumbered accordingly

DELETING PAGES

If you no longer need a page, you can delete it from the publication.

To delete a page:

1. in the pages pane, select the page that you want to delete.
2. On the page design tab, in the pages group, click the delete button.
3. If the page is blank, its removed from the publication. If the page has content, a dialog box opens
asking you to confirm, click yes button to delete the page.

NOTE | you can also delete a page by right-clicking it in the pages pane, and then click delete on the
shortcut menu.
 PREVIEWING AND PRINTING PUBLICATIONS

Before printing a publication, you can preview it to see how each page will look like when prnted.
When you are ready to print the publication, you can quickly print one copy of the entire publication
using the current printer, or you can change the default print settings before printing it. The print
page of the back stage view allows you to preview a publication, set print options, and print the
publication, all from one location.

To preview and print publication:

1. Click the file tab, and then click print. The print page of the backstage view opens, displaying
print stings in the center pane and a preview of the publication at the right pane.
2. To preview the publication, in the right pane, do the following:
 To switch pages, click the next sheet button or previous sheet button or enter a specific page
number in the current sheet box.
 To change the zoom level, click the zoom in and zoom out buttons, or drag the zoom slider. To
return to full page view, click the fit to sheet button.
 To preview more than one sheet at a time, click the view multiple sheets button and select the
desired number of sheets.
3. To change the print settings, in the centre pane, do the following:
 In the printer section, click the button displaying the name of the default printer, and select the
desired printer from the list.
 In the copies of print jop box, enter the number of copies you want to print.
 In the settings section, click each button, and select the desired options ( such as pages to print and
in what paper size, whether to print on one or both sides of the paper, whether to print in color or
grayscale, etc .
 To print the publication, click the print button.

LESSON 3

MICROSOFT PHOTOS APPLICATION

OVERVIEW:

In Microsoft operating system, there is an application called photos app which was first introduced in
windows 8 to replace the old windows photo viewer. Photos is not just an ordinary photo viewer but a
sophisticated software that offers a lot of editing and organizing resources for photographs and videos.
Windows 10 photos app can do different things, starting from browsing through your pictures to creating
photo albums and videos.

To open Microsoft photos:

1. Select the start button.

2. Type the photos in the search box.
3. Select photos application from the results.
4. The Microsoft photos application will be displayed.

To create a professional photo or video in Microsoft app:

After opening the photos app, it displays your photos instantly in a tab called collection. All the pictures
or photos you have are grouped by date and separated into months and days.

Create, view and edit photo albums

The photos app in the albums tab shows you all the photo albums you have made, as well as a collection
of photo albums that the software created for you automatically.

1. To create a photo album, on the albums page, click or tab on a new album.
2. The photos app has a feature to
3. search through your collection and choose the photos or videos you wish to add to the new album.
4. When you have finished choosing the photos, click or tap. Create on the top right side of the photos.

change the name of the photo albums:To

the photos app immediately creates your new album, loads its contents and shows you a preview of it on
a slideshow. It Is called album though, you may want to change its name to something more concise. To
do that,

1. Click on the small pen next to the name of the album.

2. Then enter the new name and press done.

View your folders with pictures and add a new folders to you photos library:

Another useful feature of the photos app is the use of folders to show your photos. You can do this from
the tab folders. You can also use the same tab to add a new folders to your photos list. To do this,

1. Click the add a folder button,

2. Browse through your windows 10 PC
3. Select the folders you want to include in your library.

Import new files to the photos app, from a folder or from a USB device (smartphone, camera, or
thers ,) 6

The photo app is useful when importing photos and videos into your gallery, not just from other folder
found on your windows PC but also from devices, such as your smart photo, camera so and so on.

To import new files to the photos app, from a folder or from a USB device;
1. Click or tab on the import button (on the top-right corner of the app)
2. Choose whether you want to import pictures from a folder or from a device.
3. Choose” from a USB device”.
4. Once you select the ones that you want to import, click or tap on import selected.
Find and tag people in your photos

A tag is a term used to group a collection of content together or to assign a piece of content to a specific
individual or organization. The photos app includes a people tagging feature, which can be enabled
manually if you want to benefit from it, although it is disabled by default for privacy issues.
TO ENABLE TAG PEOPLE
1. Click or tap the people tab from photos, you can read about what this feature offers.
2. Click or tap on accept if you wish to use it.

OPEN A PHOTO AND ZOOM, DELETE ROTATE, CROP, OR ADD IT TO YOUR FAVOURIES

Photos application has an inter grated image editor and some of its tools that are available on the top of
the window. When looking at a picture, you can use these tools to zoom on the image, delete it. Add it

EDIT PHOTOS USING TOOLS AS CROP, IMAGE FILTRES, AND EFFECTS

The photos app includes a feature to edit photos by using a tool offered by photos built in editor.

TO DO THIS:

1. Click or tap on “edit& create” and then click on edit.

2. You can now make basic editing, such as crop, rotate, various image filters and light and
colour adjustments. As well as spot fixing and red eye correction.
SHARING PICTURES WITH OTHERS
Photos application has a feature which you can share the photos or video with other
people to do this:
1: click the share button, then you get to see all the sharing options available in
windows PC.
2: choose the one you want.
PRINT PICTURES FROM THE PHOTOS APP
The photos application has an essential feature which is to print photos. TO DO THIS:
1: click the print button at the top right corner of the window, then you get to see the
default prinking dialog from the windows PC.
2; select the printer that you want to use, change the settings according to what you
prefer.
3: click the print button.