Republic of the Philippines

Polytechnic University of the Philippines

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS WITH SOFTWARE APPLICATION

MIDTERM EXAMINATION

Directions: Read each item carefully. Write the letter corresponding to the best answer on a yellow paper on
each item. Write NONE if no correct choice is given. Make sure to write also your solutions.

1. A bank surveyed all of its 60 employees to determine the proportion who participate in volunteer activities.
Which of the following statements is true?
(a) The bank should not use the data from this survey because this is an observational study.
(b) The bank does not need to use an inference procedure to determine the proportion of employees who
participate in volunteer activities because the survey was a census of all employees.
(c) The bank can use the result of this survey to prove that working for the bank causes employees to
participate in volunteer activities.
(d) The bank did not select a random sample of employees, so the survey will not provide the bank with
useful information.
2. In the design of a survey, which of the following best explains how to minimize response bias?
(a) Increase the sample size (c) Randomly select the sample
(b) Carefully word and field-test survey questions (d) Increase the number of questions in the survey
3. A body of principle, which deals with collection, analysis, interpretation and presentation of numerical
facts or data.
(a) Statistic (b) Descriptive (c) Inferential (d) Statistics
4. Cluster sampling is an example of:
(a) Simple Random Sampling (c) Nonprobability Sampling
(b) Probability Sampling (d) Stratified Sampling
5. Which of the following statements regarding a researchers use of inferential statistics is true?
(a) It is best to measure every member of a population if possible.
(b) A random sample provides a perfect estimate of the population values.
(c) Descriptive statistics from a sample are used to estimate the characteristics of the population.
(d) We usually need to take several samples to obtain a good estimate of the population values.
6. The divides the distribution into ten equal parts.
(a) Decile (b) Percentile (c) Median (d) Quartile
7. What sampling technique is used when the respondents are chosen on the basis of pre-determined criteria
set by the researchers?
(a) cluster sampling (b) systematic sampling (c) purposive sampling (d) convenience sampling
8. In a distribution the mean < median < mode.
(a) Normal (b) Unimodal (c) Negatively Skewed (d) Positively Skewed
9. Which one of the following variables is not categorical?
(a) score on the exam.
(b) Educational Attainment: elementary graduate, high school graduate, college graduate.
(c) Color: blue, red, white.
(d) Subject: algebra, calculus, trigonometry
10. Given the data set, 40, 50, 70, 70, 60, 90, 80, 80, 90. What will happen if we replace the data value 90 in
the data set by 5, will the standard deviation.
(a) Increase (b) Decrease (c) stay the same (d) None of the above
11. If the statistics grades of Karen are 87, 85, 91, 89 and X, what must be the value of X so that the average
is 89?
(a) 92 (b) 95 (c) 93 (d) 91
12. In descriptive statistics, we study
(a) The description of decision making process
(b) The methods for organizing, displaying, and describing data
(c) How to describe the probability distribution
 (d) None of the above
13. In statistics, conducting a survey means
(a) Collecting information from elements
(b) Making mathematical calculations
(c) Drawing graphs and pictures
(d) None of the above
14. Which of the following represents the middle point in a set of numbers arranged in order of magnitude?
(a) Mean (b) Median (c) Mode (d) Variance
15. Mr. Martin had seven students in his after-school statistics tutorial. The scores they received on their last
quiz were as follows: 81, 73, 84, 78, 89, 82, 81. What was the mean score?
(a) 81.14 (b) 78.5 (c) 82 (d) 79.5
16. If all the units of a population are surveyed it is called
(a) Survey (b) Population (c) Census (d) Sample
17. For percentiles, the total number of partition values are
(a) 10 (b) 25 (c) 99 (d) 100
18. Which of the following represents median?
(a) First Quartile (b) Fiftieth Percentile (c) Sixth decile (d) Third quartile
19. 5 is subtracted from each observation of a set, then the mean of the observation is reduced by
(a) 5 (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) 15
20. The standard deviation of 10 observations is 15. If 5 is added to each observations the value of new
standard deviation is
(a) 5 (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) 15
21. If the minimum value in a set is 9 and its range is 57, the maximum value of the set is
(a) 33 (b) 66 (c) 48 (d) 24
22. Which of the following situations exhibit the function of Inferential Statistics?
(a) The highest score obtained by BSS section 1 in their first quiz is 48.
(b) All the ten scores are closely scattered around the average value.
(c) Mathematical anxiety of the students will be related with their academic performance.
(d) Line graphs will be used to exhibit the fluctuating trend of monthly consumption of electricity.
23. Which of the following situations exhibit the function of Descriptive Statistics?
(a) Determining the most favored characteristics of the ideal teacher students perceived.
(b) Relating the number of absences committed by students with their academic performance.
(c) Citing the differences in perception of the male and female students towards NO ID-NO ENTRY
policy.
(d) Comparing the course grades in Statistics of every section who are taking the subject during the first
semester.
For items 24 to 27, consider this situation. There were 200 students of PUP San Juan enrolled in General
Statistics in the first semester. A periodic examination was given and it was found out that the average
score is 93. When a random section with 50 students is chosen, it was found out that 89 is the average score
of the section.
24. What do we call to the number 200?
(a) statistic (b) sample size (c) parameter (d) population size
25. What do we call to the number 93?
(a) statistic (b) sample size (c) parameter (d) population size
26. What do we call to the number 50?
(a) statistic (b) sample size (c) parameter (d) population size
27. What do we call to the number 89?
(a) statistic (b) sample size (c) parameter (d) population size
For items 28 to 30, consider this situation A group of undergraduate researchers aims to execute stratified
random sampling among 63 Section 1 students, 52 Section 2 students, 48 Section 3 students and 37 Section
4 students. The margin of error is 5%.
28. What is the sample size? NONE
(a) 124 students (b) 134 students (c) 144 students (d) 154 students
29. How many students of Section 2 will be included in the sample?
(a) 15 students (b) 25 students (c) 35 students (d) 45 students
30. How many students of Section 4 will be included in the sample?
(a) 13 students (b) 17 students (c) 21 students (d) 25 students
31. Which of the following is an example of a primary source of data?
(a) TV station (b) encyclopedias (c) living organisms (d) scientific journals
32. A marketing team specializing in food products set stands in a mall to determine the preference of the
mall-goers in choosing and consuming finger-foods. What sampling technique is appropriate in doing
this?
(a) cluster sampling (b) purposive sampling (c) convenience sampling (d) systematic sampling
33. A market research company asks a sample of students to rate the taste of a new soft drink. The response
scale is really yummy, yummy, ok, yuck, really yuck. This is an example of a
(a) Nominal Level (b) Ordinal Level (c) Interval Level (d) Ratio Level
34. A researcher is studying students in college in PUP. She takes a sample of 400 students from 10 colleges.
The average age of selected college students in PUP is
(a) statistic (b) parameter (c) the median (d) a population
35. A coffee shop wants to know the temperature of coffee that most people prefer. They brew coffee at the
typical temperature for the shop and then ask customers “Do you prefer coffee to be at this temperature?”
and record a yes or no answer for each customer. What is the level of measurement of the way they
measured preferred temperature?
(a) Nominal (b) Ordinal (c) Interval (d) Ratio
36. The same coffee shop later repeats the study but this time they ask “Do you prefer coffee to be a lot
colder, a little cooler, this temperature, a little warmer or a lot hotter?” and record the persons response.
Now, what is the level of measurement of the way they measured preferred temperature?
(a) Nominal (b) Ordinal (c) Interval (d) Ratio
37. Determine the characteristics of a Normal Curve.
I. The normal curve is bell-shaped and symmetric about the mean.
II. The mean, median and mode are not equal.
III. The total area under the curve is equal to one.
IV. The normal curve approaches, but never touches the x-axis as it extends farther and farther away from
the mean.
(a) I, II and III (b) I, II, III and IV (c) II, III and IV (d) I, III and IV
38. Given a normally distribution, find the area under the curve which lies to the right of z = 1.96.
(a) 0.9750 (b) 0.0196 (c) 0.4750 (d) 0.0250
For items 56 to 60, consider this situation. A researcher has collected the following sample data. 5, 12, 6, 8,
5, 6, 7, 5, 12, 4
39. Find the median.
(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 8
40. Find the mode.
(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 8
41. Find the mean.
(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 8
42. Find the standard deviation. NONE
(a) 1.2 (b) 2.2 (c) 3.2 (d) 4.2
43. Find the Pearson coefficient of skewness using the value of median.
(a) 1.2 (b) 2.2 (c) 3.2 (d) 4.2

Problem Solving
A. The PUPCET scores for the math portion of the test were normally distributed, with a mean of 23.4 and
a standard deviation of 4.8. Find the probability that a randomly selected student who took the math portion
of the PUPCET has a score that is

(a) less than 18.

Given:
X < 18
μ = 23.4
 σ = 4.8
P(X < 18) = P(Z < z)
X −μ
¿ P(Z< )
σ
18−23.4
¿ P(Z< )
4.8
¿ P(Z←1.125)
= 0.13029

The proportion of the randomly selected student who took the math portion of the PUPCET has a score that
is less than 18 is 0.13029 or 13.03%.

(b) between 21 and 26.

21 ≤ X ≤ 26
μ = 23.4
σ = 4.8

P(21 ≤ X ≤ 26) = P(z ≤ Z ≤ z)

X−μ X−μ
¿ P( ≤Z≤ )
σ σ
21−23.4 26−23.4
¿ P( ≤Z ≤ )
4.8 4.8
¿ P(−0.5 ≤ Z ≤ 0.5417)
¿ [ P ( Z ≥ 0.5417 ) ] +[1−P ( Z ≤−0.5 ) ]
¿ 0.7060+[1−0.3085]
= 0.7060 + 0.6915
= 1.3975

The proportion of the randomly selected student who took the math portion of the PUPCET has a score that
is between 21 and 26 is 1.3975or 139.75%.

B. Given the following frequency distribution.

Class Interval Frequency

240 – 259 5
220 – 239 5
200 – 219 12
180 – 199 13
160 – 179 5
140 – 159 10

Compute the following:

(a) Mean

Class Interval Frequency x fx

240 – 259 5 249.5 1247.5
220 – 239 5 229.5 1147.5
200 – 219 12 209.5 2514
180 – 199 13 189.5 2463.5
160 – 179 5 169.5 847.5
140 – 159 10 149.5 1495
Total 50 9715
 x̄ = 9715/50
x̄ = 194.3
(b) Median

Class Interval Frequency LB <cf

240 – 259 5 239.5 50
220 – 239 5 219.5 45
200 – 219 12 199.5 40
180 – 199 13 179.5 28
160 – 179 5 159.5 15
140 – 159 10 139.5 10
Total 50

n 50
= =25
2 2
The median class is 180 to 199.

x̃ =LB+
(
n
2
−¿ cf i ) x̃ =179.5+
( 25−28 ) 20
13
=174.88
f
(c) Mode

Class Interval Frequency LB <cf

240 – 259 5 239.5 50
220 – 239 5 219.5 45
200 – 219 12 199.5 40
180 – 199 13 179.5 28
160 – 179 5 159.5 15
140 – 159 10 139.5 10
Total 50

x̂ = LB + ( d 1+d
d1
2)
i d1 = 13 – 5 = 8
d2 = 13 – 12 = 1

x̂ = 179.5+ ( )
8
8+ 1
20=197.28

(d) Standard Deviation

Class Interval Frequency X fx ˇ 2 ˇ 2

( x i− x ) ¿ f ( x i−x ) ¿
¿ ¿
240 – 259 5 249.5 1247.5 3047.04 15235.20
220 – 239 5 229.5 1147.5 1239.04 6195.20
200
n - –1 219 12 209.5 2514 231.04 2772.48
180 – 199 13 189.5 2463.5 23.04 299.52
160 – 179 5 169.5 847.5 615.04 3075.20
140 – 159 10 149.5 1495 2007.04 20070.40
Total 50 9715 47648
 s= √ 47,648
50 – 1

s = 31.18

(e) Q1

Class Interval Frequency LB <cf

240 – 259 5 239.5 50
nk (50)(1) 220 – 239 5 219.5 45
= =12.5
4 4 200 – 219 12 199.5 40
The 180 – 199 13 179.5 28 quartile class is 160
to 179. 160 – 179 5 159.5 15
140 – 159 10 139.5 10
Total 50

Qk =
LB+
( nk
4
−¿ cf ) i

f
( 12.5−15 ) 20
Q1 = 159.5+ =149.5
5
(f) Q3

Class Interval Frequency LB <cf

240 – 259 5 239.5 50
220 – 239 5 219.5 45
200 – 219 12 199.5 40
180 – 199 13 179.5 28
160 – 179 5 159.5 15
140 – 159 10 139.5 10
Total 50

nk (50)(3)
= =37.5
4 4
The quartile class is 160 to 179.

Q =
k
LB +
( nk
4
−¿ cf ) i

f
( 37.5−40 ) 20
Q3 = 199.5+ =195.33
12
(g) D1

Class Interval Frequency LB <cf

240 – 259 5 239.5 50
220 – 239 5 219.5 45
200 – 219 12 199.5 40
180 – 199 13 179.5 28
160 – 179 5 159.5 15
140 – 159 10 139.5 10
Total 50
 nk (50)(1)
= =5
10 10
The decile class is 140 to 159.

D =
k
LB +
( nk
10
−¿ cf ) i

f
( 5−10 ) 20
D1 = 139.5+ =129.5
10
(h) D9

Class Interval Frequency LB <cf

240 – 259 5 239.5 50
220 – 239 5 219.5 45
200 – 219 12 199.5 40
180 – 199 13 179.5 28
160 – 179 5 159.5 15
140 – 159 10 139.5 10
Total 50

nk (50)(9)
= =45
10 10
The decile class is 220 to 239.

D =
k
LB +
( nk
10
−¿ cf ) i

f
( 45−45 ) 20
D9 = 219.5+ 5
=219.5

(i) P1

Class Interval Frequency LB <cf

240 – 259 5 239.5 50
220 – 239 5 219.5 45
200 – 219 12 199.5 40
180 – 199 13 179.5 28
160 – 179 5 159.5 15
140 – 159 10 139.5 10
Total 50
 nk (50)(1)
= =0.5
100 100
The percentile class is 26 to 30.

P =
k
LB+
( nk
100
−¿ cf ) i

f
( 0.5−10 ) 20
P1 = 139.5+ =120.5
10

(j) P90

Class Interval Frequency LB <cf

240 – 259 5 239.5 50
220 – 239 5 219.5 45
200 – 219 12 199.5 40
180 – 199 13 179.5 28 nk (50)(90)
= =45
160 – 179 5 159.5 15 100 100
The 140 – 159 10 139.5 10 percentile class is
26 to 30. Total 50

P =
k
LB+
( nk
100
−¿ cf ) i

f
( 45−45 ) 20
P90 = 219.5+ =219.5
5
(k) Karl Pearsons Measure of Skewness
x̄−x̂
Sk =
s
194.3−197.28
Sk = =−0.10
31.18

(l) Kurtosis

QD
k=
P 90 −P10

Q3−Q1
QD=
2

195.33−149.5
QD=
2

QD=22.92
 nk (50)(10)
= =5
100 100
The percentile class is 140 to 159.

P =
k
LB+
( nk
100
−¿ cf ) i

f
( 5−10 ) 20
P10 = 139.5+ =129.5
10

P90 = 219.5

QD
k=
P 90 −P10

22.92
k=
219.5−129.5

k =0.2547

C. Construct a frequency distribution table.

No. of Children Frequency Percentage

0
1
2
3
4
5
Total

(a) What percentage of couples married seven years has two children?

(b) What percentage of couples married seven years has at least two children?