1. Which are definitions of an acid according to the Brønsted-Lowry and Lewis theories?

2. Which statement is incorrect for a 0.10 mol dm–3 HCOOH solution?

A. pH = 1

B. [H+] << 0.10 mol dm–3

C. [HCOO–] is approximately equal to [H+]

D. HCOOH is partially ionized

3. Which species behave as Brønsted-Lowry acids in the following reversible reaction?

H2PO−4 (aq) + CN−(aq) ⇌ HCN(aq) + HPO24−(aq)

A. HCN and CN− B.

HCN and HPO24− C.

H2PO−4 and HPO24−

D. HCN and H2PO−4

4. Which row correctly describes 1.0 moldm−3 NaOH(aq)?

5. What is the formula of the conjugate base of the hydrogenphosphate ion, HPO24−?

A. H2PO−4

B. H3PO4

C. HPO−4
D. PO34−

6. Consider the equilibrium below.

CH3CH2COOH(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ CH3CH2COO−(aq) + H3O+(aq)

Which species represent a conjugate acid-base pair?

A. CH3CH2COOH and H2O

B. H2O and CH3CH2COO−

C. H3O+ and H2O

D. CH3CH2COO− and H3O+

7.What will happen if the pressure is increased in the following reaction mixture at equilibrium?

⇌
CO2 (g) + H2O (l) H+ (aq) + HCO3− (aq) A.

The equilibrium will shift to the right and pH will decrease.

B. The equilibrium will shift to the right and pH will increase.

C. The equilibrium will shift to the left and pH will increase.

D. The equilibrium will shift to the left and pH will decrease.

Activity series of selected elements:

K, Ca, Al, Fe, H, Cu, Ag, Au

greatest activity ←−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− least activity
8. Which react with dilute sulfuric acid?

I. Cu

II. CuO

III. CuCO3

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

9. A student carried out a titration to determine the concentration of an acid and found that his value had good precision but poor accuracy. Which

process explains this outcome?

A. Consistently overshooting the volume of solution from the burette into the flask.

B. Collection of insufficient titration data.

C. Reading the meniscus in the burette at a different angle each time.

D. Forgetting to rinse the flask after one of the titrations.

10. Three aqueous solutions of nitric acid are listed below.

W. 0.100 moldm−3 HNO3(aq)

X. 0.001 moldm−3 HNO3(aq)

Y. 0.010 moldm−3 HNO3(aq)

What is the correct order of increasing pH of these solutions?

A. W<X<Y
B. W<Y<X
C. X < W < Y D. X<Y<W

11. Which pH value is that of an aqueous solution of carbon dioxide?

A. 2.1

B. 5.6

C. 9.8

D. 12.2

12. Which is an acid-base conjugate pair?

A. H3O+ / OH– B.

H2SO4 / SO42–

C. CH3COOH / H3O+

D. CH3NH3+ / CH3NH2

13. Which statement is correct?

A. A strong acid is a good proton donor and has a strong conjugate base.

B. A weak acid is a poor proton acceptor and has a strong conjugate base.

C. A strong acid is a good proton donor and has a weak conjugate base.

D. A strong base is a good proton donor and has a weak conjugate acid.

14.When equal volumes of four 0.1 moldm−3 solutions are arranged in order of increasing pH (lowest pH first), what is the correct order?

A. CH3COOH < HNO3 < CH3CH2NH2 < KOH

B. HNO3 < CH3COOH < CH3CH2NH2 < KOH
C. CH3CH2NH2 < HNO3 < CH3COOH < KOH
D. KOH < CH3CH2NH2 < CH3COOH < HNO3
15. What is the pH of the solution formed when 10 cm3 of HCl(aq) with pH 1.0 is added to 990 cm3 of water?

A. 1.5

B. 2.0

C. 2.5

D. 3.0

16. Which are acid-base pairs according to the Brønsted‒Lowry theory?

I. HNO3/NO−3

II. H3O+/OH−

III. HCOOH/HCOO−
A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

17. The pH of a solution changes from pH = 2 to pH = 5. What happens to the concentration of the hydrogen ions during this pH change?

A. It decreases by a factor of 1000

B. It increases by a factor of 1000

C. It decreases by a factor of 100

D. It increases by a factor of 100

18.What is the Brønsted–Lowry conjugate base of H2PO−4 ?

A. H3PO4

B. HPO24−

C. PO34−

D. HO−
19.10.0 cm3 of an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide of pH = 10 is mixed with 990.0 cm 3 of distilled water. What is the pH of the resulting solution?

A. 8

B. 9

C. 11

D. 12
20. Which of the following is correct?

A. A weak acid is a proton donor and its aqueous solution shows good conductivity.

B. A weak acid is a proton donor and its aqueous solution shows poor conductivity.

C. A weak acid is a proton acceptor and its aqueous solution shows good conductivity.

D. A weak acid is a proton acceptor and its aqueous solution shows poor conductivity.

21.A student adds 0.3 g of magnesium metal to equal volumes of hydrochloric acid and ethanoic acid of the same concentrations in separate flasks.

Which statement is correct?

A. Hydrochloric acid reacts more rapidly as it has a higher pH than ethanoic acid.

B. A greater total volume of H2 gas is produced with hydrochloric acid than with ethanoic acid.

C. The same total volume of H2 gas is produced with both hydrochloric acid and ethanoic acid.

D. Ethanoic acid reacts more slowly because it has a lower pH than hydrochloric acid.

22. What is the conjugate base of H2CO3 according to the Brønsted-Lowry theory?

A. CO23− B.

HCO−3

C. H3CO+3 D.

CO2

23.Which products would be formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium oxide?

A. magnesium chloride and carbon dioxide

B. magnesium chloride, hydrogen gas and water

C. magnesium, hydrogen gas and waterD. magnesium chloride and water

24.A solution of acid A has a pH of 1 and a solution of acid B has a pH of 2. Which statement must be correct?

A. Acid A is stronger than acid B.

B. [A] > [B].

C. The concentration of H+ ions in A is higher than in B.

D. The concentration of H+ ions in B is twice the concentration of H+ ions in A.

25.Which gas in the atmosphere causes the pH of unpolluted rain to be approximately 6?

A. Carbon dioxide

B. Sulfur dioxide

C. Oxygen

D. Nitrogen

26.What are the conjugate acid–base pairs in the following reaction?

HCO−3 (aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ OH−(aq) + H2CO3(aq)

27.Which of the following are weak acids in aqueous solution?

I. CH3COOH
II. H2CO3
III. HCl

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

28.Which list contains only strong bases?

A. ammonia, sodium hydroxide, ethylamine

B. potassium hydroxide, ammonia, sodium hydroxide

C. lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, barium hydroxide

D. ammonia, ethylamine, barium hydroxide

29. 10.0 cm3 of a solution of a strong acid with a pH of 3 is added to a volumetric flask and the total volume is made up to 1.00 dm3 by adding distilled

water. The resulting solution is then thoroughly mixed.

What is the pH of the diluted solution?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 5

30 A solution of acid HX has a pH = 1 and a solution of acid HY has a pH = 3. Which statement must be correct?

A. HX is a stronger acid than HY.

B. HY is a stronger acid than HX.

C. The [H+] in the solution of HX is 100 times greater than the [H+] in the solution of HY.

D. The [H+] in the solution of HY is 100 times greater than the [H+] in the solution of HX.

31.Which compound reacts with calcium oxide, CaO?

A. K2 O

B. Na2O

C. SO2
D. MgO

32.Which 1.0 mol dm–3 solution has the highest pH?

A. Ammonium chloride

B. Sulfuric acid

C. Sodium chloride

D. Ammonia

33.Which is not a conjugate acid-base pair?

A. HNO3 and NO−3

B. CH3COOH and CH3COO−

C. H3O+ and OH− D. HSO−4 and SO242−

34.Which group of three compounds contains only weak acids and bases?
35.Which compound is a strong acid?

A. NH3

B. HNO3

C. H2CO3
D. CH3COOH

36.What occurs when solid sodium hydrogen carbonate reacts with aqueous sulfuric acid?

A. Bubbles of sulfur dioxide form.

B. Bubbles of both hydrogen and carbon dioxide form.

C. Bubbles of hydrogen form.

D. Bubbles of carbon dioxide form.

37.A solution of 50 cm3 hydrochloric acid has a pH of 4. What is the final pH if 450 cm3 of water is added?

A. 3

B. 4

C. 5

D. 6

38What are the products of the reaction between sulfuric acid and sodium hydrogen carbonate?

A. NaSO4 + H2O + CO2

B. Na2SO4 + CO2

C. Na2SO4 + H2O + CO2

D. NaSO4 + H2CO3

39.An example of a strong acid solution is perchloric acid, HClO4, in water. Which statement is correct for this solution?

A. HClO4 is completely dissociated in the solution.

B. HClO4 exists mainly as molecules in the solution.
C. The solution reacts only with strong bases.

D. The solution has a pH value greater than 7.

40.Which is a conjugate Brønsted–Lowry acid-base pair?

A. CH3COO− / H3O+
B. H2O / CH3COO−
C. H2O / H3O+
D. CH3COOH / H2O

41.Which 0.10 moldm−3 solution would have the highest conductivity?

A. HCl

B. NH3
C. CH3COOH
D. H2CO3

42.Which list contains only strong acids?

A. CH3COOH, H2CO3, H3PO4

B. HCl, HNO3, H2CO3
C. CH3COOH, HNO3, H2SO4 D. HCl, HNO3, H2SO4

43.For equal volumes of 1.0 moldm−3 solutions of hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq), and methanoic acid, HCOOH(aq), which statements are correct?

I. HCl dissociates more than HCOOH

II. HCl is a better electrical conductor than HCOOH

III. HCl will neutralize more NaOH than HCOOH

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

44.Which of the following gases does not result in acid deposition?

A. CO2
B. NO2
C. NO
D. SO2

45. Which classification is correct for the reaction?

H2PO4−(aq) + H2O(l) → HPO42−(aq) + H3O+(aq)

46.Which descriptions are correct for both a Brønsted–Lowry acid and a Lewis acid?

47. Which species behave as Brønsted–Lowry bases in the following reaction?

H2SO4 + HNO3 H2NO3+ + HSO4-

A. HNO3 and HSO4- B.

HNO3 and H2NO3+

C. H2SO4 and HSO4- D.

H2NO3+ and HSO4-