Name of the Student:

_______________________________________________ Learning Area/Grade

Level: __________________________________________ Date:
___________________________________

I. INTRODUCTORY CONCEPT
Which do you prefer, hot or cold? We often connect this sensation to heat and
temperature. We often use these two terms interchangeably, but scientifically, heat and
temperature are two different concepts. Knowing the difference between heat and
temperature is essential in understanding some of the processes and phenomena that
happens in things around us.

To better understand these abstract concepts, you will investigate them on a

molecular level. You will need your prior knowledge about kinetic energy and particles of
matter. You will be conducting an experiment at home, and you will observe and differentiate
heat and temperature.

II. LEARNING SKILLS FROM THE MELC

MELC: Differentiate between heat and temperature at the molecular level (S8FE-lg-29)
Objectives:
1. Compare the movement of particles in varying temperature.
2. Relate the kinetic energy (KE) of particles to temperature.
3. Differentiate heat and temperature.

III. ACTIVITIES
A. Elicit

You have learned in grade 7 that heat transfer takes place between
objects or places of different temperatures. Try to recall the concepts about how
heat is being transferred by considering the
situation on the next page.

A hot boiled egg was served for you. You

want to
eat it right away, so you scooped the egg with a
spoon
and put it in water. A few minutes later, you
noticed that
the water turned warm, and the egg becomes a little
colder. Why is this so? Put a check (✔) on the box of
your chosen answer

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RO_Science_Grade 8_Q1_LP 5
The water absorbed heat from the boiled egg.

The temperature of the egg made the water cold.

The coldness of water was transferred to the egg leaving it warm.

You already know that heat flows from an object of higher temperature to
an object of lower temperature. Thus, the heat flows from the boiled egg to the
water making the water from cold to warm. Knowing these concepts will help you
easily understand the difference between heat and temperature at a molecular
level.
This time you will learn more about heat and temperature by investigating
the movement of the particles of an object and the particles’ kinetic energy as you
go on with this learner’s packet.

B. Engage

In the previous level, you have learned that heat and temperature are two
different things but are connected. The next activity will open your curiosity about
the movement of particles of matter and their kinetic energy.

Directions: On the table below are situations related to kinetic energy, particles
interaction, and energy transfer. In the second column are descriptions or predictions about
the situation or illustration. Put a check in the box which description or prediction you agree
on and explain your answer. (Please note that KE means kinetic energy.)
Situation/ Illustration Description/Prediction

1. Particles that are moving have zero

kinetic energy.
2. Particles that are moving have kinetic
energy.

Explanation:
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__________________________________
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RO_Science_Grade 8_Q1_LP 5
If the arrow of the particles represents its
speed, then:
1. Particle A has greater KE than particle
B. 2. Particle A has lesser KE than particle
B. Explanation:
__________________________________
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__________________________________
__

When particle A collides with particle B:

1. Some energy of particle A will be

transferred to B, thus KE of particle
A
decreases while KE of particle B
increases.
2. Some energy of particle A will be
transferred to B, thus KE of particle
A
increases while KE of particle B
decreases.

Explanation:
__________________________________
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__________________________________
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 Are you able to explain your predictions? Take note that kinetic energy is
related to the movement of the particles of an object, and that energy can be
transferred from one particle to another particle.

C. Explore

In this activity, you will compare the movement of particles in varying

temperatures and relate the kinetic energy of particles to temperature. You will
also differentiate heat and temperature.

Activity: Choco in Water

Materials needed:
Three (3) identical cups 3
RO_Science_Grade 8_Q1_LP 5
Chocolate/coffee powder
Tap water (water from the faucet) Cold water
Hot water
Procedure:
1. Fill the three cups separately with hot water, tap
water and cold water. All cups should be filled with same amount of water.
Label it as A, B and C.
2. Put the chocolate powder of same amount in each cup. You can use tablespoon to
measure the amount of chocolate powder.
3. Carefully observe and compare the behavior of the chocolate powder in the three
cups (Cups A, B and C). Write down your observations on the table provided.
Cup Temperature Observations

A Hot

B Tap (water at
room
temperature)

C Cold
Guide Questions:
1. What can you say about the rate at which the chocolate powder dissolve in each cup?
Did the chocolate powder dissolve at the same rate?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________ 2. In
which cup did the chocolate powder dissolve the fastest? In which cup did it dissolve the
slowest?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________ 3.
How do you relate the temperature of water to the rate at which the chocolate powder
dissolve?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________ 4. In
which cup do you think are the particles of water moving fastest? In which cup are the
particles moving slowest? How did you say so?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________ 5.
How would you compare the movement of particles in hot water and cold water?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________ 6.
How would you relate the movement of particles to the kinetic energy of the particles in
hot water? In cold water?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________ 7.
How is the kinetic energy of the particles related to temperature?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

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RO_Science_Grade 8_Q1_LP 5
D. Explain

Take time to understand the following ideas or concepts to confirm the

results of the activities you have performed.

The figure below shows two objects of different temperatures. The white circles
represent particles in a hot object while the dark circles represent particles in a cold
 o
bject. The arrows indicate the movement of the particles.

(a) The particles in a hot object move faster than the particles in the colder object.

(b) The two objects come in contact. When the two objects are in contact, fast
moving particles collide with slow-moving particles causing the slow-moving
particles to speed up and the fast-moving ones to slow down.

(c) Heat flows from hotter to colder object causing the particles in the hot object
to slow down and the particles in the colder object to speed up until the particles
move at the same speed, a state of thermal equilibrium. Both objects will have
the same temperature.

In your previous above, you observed the rate at which the chocolate powder
dissolves in three different water temperatures. The chocolate powder dissolves fastest in
hot water, followed by tap water, and lastly in cold water (or the chocolate powder may not
have dissolved at all). Since you observed that the higher the temperature (hot water), the
higher the energy, this means that the molecules in the water move faster dissolving
chocolate powder at a faster rate compared to cold and tap water.

This also shows that in your three set ups, the particles with the highest kinetic
energy are those in hot water, followed by tap water, and the particles in cold water possess

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RO_Science_Grade 8_Q1_LP 5
the least kinetic energy. Thus, the temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of
particles.
How are heat, temperature, and kinetic energy related?

If heat is added to an object, the particles of the object move faster and gain kinetic
energy. Since temperature is directly related to kinetic energy, any gain in kinetic energy
would cause the temperature to increase. Conversely, if heat is transferred or removed from
an object, its particles move slower, it loses kinetic energy, and its temperature decreases.

What is the difference between heat and

temperature?

An object or a system has thermal

energy. This thermal energy is the total energy
of the system (thermal kinetic energy and
thermal potential energy). If we try to measure
the average kinetic energy of the particles of the
system, we are measuring temperature.
Temperature measures the average speed of
those moving particles of a system. Since it is
not enough to say whether the system is hot or
cold, man decided to quantify it using of unit of
measurements like degree Celsius, degree
Fahrenheit and Kelvin. It is a property possess
by a system or object.

On the other hand, a system will constantly interact with another system. For
example, in the picture above, the particles of hot water interact with the particles of gases
above them. This results in the transfer of thermal energy from the particles of hot water
going to the gas particles above, making the gases warmer. Thus, heat is an energy in
transit that flows when two or more objects have different temperatures. Heat naturally flows
from an object with a higher temperature (hot) to an object with a lower temperature (cold). A
system/object can either gain heat or loss heat, but since it is a process (energy transfer), a
system or an object can never possess heat. The gain or loss of heat can be quantified
using joules or calories.
HEAT TEMPERATURE

What is it? Energy in transit from A measure of the average

high temperature object kinetic energy of the
to low temperature particles in a
object. substance/object.

How is it Energy transferred in Degree Fahrenheit,

expressed? joules and calories. Degree Celsius,
Kelvin

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RO_Science_Grade 8_Q1_LP 5
E. Elaborate
 Try to apply the ideas/ concepts you’ve learned about heat and
temperature in the situation given below.

Joshua attended a birthday party. He saw someone preparing a

juice. He observed that the powdered juice was dissolved in water. He
added ice after the juice was completely dissolved in the water.

Why is it better to dissolve first the juice in tap water before

adding ice to it?
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

F. Extend
 Should you want further learning, watch this video of the:
a. Temperature, thermal energy, and heat
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LL54E5CzQ-A
b. Motion of molecules at different temperature and heat
transfer https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_5AZwrTkQNA

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RO_Science_Grade 8_Q1_LP 5
G. Evaluate
Directions: Read the questions carefully and choose the letter of the correct
answer.
1. Which of the following statements is/are TRUE about the difference between heat
and temperature?
I. Heat is a form of energy while temperature is not.
II. Temperature is a form of energy while heat is not.
III. Heat is energy in transit due to a difference in temperature while temperature is
the measure of hotness and coldness.

A. I only B. I and III only C. II and III only D. I, II and II

2. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. The temperature does not affect the movement of particles.
B. The higher the temperature the faster the movement of particles.
C. The colder the temperature the faster the movement of particles.
D. The higher the temperature the slower the movement of particles.

3. Which of the following pictures correctly describes the movement of particles in hot
water?

4. What happens to the speed of the particles if the temperature goes up?
A. The particles stop moving
B. The speed of particles increases.
C. The speed of the particles decreases.
D. The speed of the particles remains the same.

5. What is the relationship of temperature to the kinetic energy of particles?

A. The temperature has no effect to the movement of particles.
B. The lower the temperature the faster the movement of particles.
 C. The higher the temperature the faster the movement of particles.
D. The higher the temperature the slower the movement of particles.

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RO_Science_Grade 8_Q1_LP 5
IV. ANSWER KEY
A. Elicit
The water absorbs heat from boiled egg. The heat transfer from an object of higher
temperature to an object of lower temperature.

B. Engage
Situation/ Illustration Description/Prediction

1st situation/illustration Answer: Particles that are moving have kinetic

energy.
Explanation: Because kinetic energy in energy
due to motion.

2nd situation/illustration Answer: If the arrow of the particles represents its

speed, then, particle A has greater KE than particle
B.
Explanation: Longer arrow means higher energy
which means the faster speed of particle.

3rd situation/illustration Answer: When particle A collides with particle B,

some energy of particle A will be transferred to B,
thus KE of particle A decreases while KE of particle
B increases.
Explanation: Since particle A has greater energy
initially, it will lose energy during the collision and
will be transferred to particle B; thus, particle B will
gain energy.

C. Explore
Activity 1: Choco Water

1. The rate of dissolution of chocolate powder in each cup differs from each other.
2. Hot water. Cold water
3. The higher the temperature of the water, the faster the rate of chocolate powder to
dissolve
4. The particles are moving fastest in the cup A with hot water. The particles are moving
slowest in the cup C with cold water. This is because the higher the temperature the
faster the movement of particles.
5. The particles in hot water are moving faster compared to particles in cold water. 6.
The particles in hot water have higher kinetic energy. The particles in cold water have
 lower kinetic energy.
7. The higher the temperature, the greater the kinetic energy of the particles.

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RO_Science_Grade 8_Q1_LP 5
D. Elaborate
Because adding ice to the tap water will reduce the particles’ kinetic energy, thus
reducing its speed (movement). Therefore, making the rate of dissolution of juice powder
only lower.

F. Evaluate
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. B
5. C

V. REFLECTION

Complete the statement below:

1. I have learned that
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________.

2. I wish to ask my teacher about

___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________.

VI. REFERENCES
Online Sources
Afework, B., Hanania, J., Hefferman, B., Jenden, J., Stenhouse, K. and Jason
Doney.
 2018. “Heat vs Temperature.” Energy Education. Accessed on August 12,
2021. https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Heat_vs_temperature. Betts,
Jennifer. n.d. “Difference Between Heat and Temperature in Simple Terms.”
YourDictionary. Accessed on August 12, 2021.
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/difference-between-heat-and temperature-in-
simple-terms.html
Crash Chemistry Academy. “What is Heat? A brief introduction at the particle level.”

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RO_Science_Grade 8_Q1_LP 5
YouTube video, 5:22. September 8, 2018. https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=_5AZwrTkQNA
“Does Temperature Affect Dissolving.” n.d. ACS Chemistry of Life. Accessed on
August 13, 2021.
https://www.middleschoolchemistry.com/lessonplans/chapter5/lesson6
Fortes, Dave, B. and Rey Eugene G. Lee. 2020. “Heat and Temperature.”
Department
of Education. Region V.
Professor Dave Explains. “Heat and Temperature.” YouTube video, 4:42. March 23,
2017. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LL54E5CzQ-A

Figure
Fortes, Dave, B. and Rey Eugene G. Lee. Juice Powder and Orange Juice. 2020.
Heat and Temperature, page 10. Department of Education. Region V. Notebook.
Accessed on August 13, 2021. https://pxhere.com/en/photo/771680

SMILE LEARNER’S PACKET DEVELOPMENT TEAM

Writer: JOHN BRYAN M. EVASCO

Reviewers: MICHELLE H. GUADAMOR

WELIMEN C. OSEO
MA. CHARLENE D. DIPAD

Layout Artists: JERIEL G. MARTIREZ

Editors: CHRISTINA G. GUAÑIZO-BENTIC

JERIEL G. MARTIREZ
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RO_Science_Grade 8_Q1_LP 5