A1. Illustration of Cell Cycle

THE CELL CYCLE AND THE DIFFERENT STAGES OF MITOSIS
A1. Illustration of Cell Cycle
A2. Stage of Mitosis
Illustration
1. Prophase 2. metaphase 3. Anaphase 4. Telophase
Events/activities
1. 2. 3. 4.
Prophase is the Metaphase is a stage Anaphase is the Telophase is a final
first phase of in the cell cycle fourth phase of phase of mitosis; it is the
mitosis, the where all the genetic mitosis, the process process that separates
process that material is that separates the the duplicated genetic
separates the condensing into duplicated genetic material carried in
duplicated genetic chromosomes. These material carried in the nucleus of a
material carried chromosomes then parent cell into two
nucleus of a
in nucleus of a become visible. identical daughter cells.
parent cell into two During this stage, the parent cell into two Telophase begins once
identical daughter nucleus disappears identical daughter the replicated, paired
cells. During and the cells. chromosomes have been
prophase, the chromosomes appear separated and pulled to
complex of DNA in the cytoplasm of opposite sides, or poles,
and proteins conta the cell. of the cell.
ined in
the nucleus,
known as
chromatin,
condenses.
B. Comparison Between Prepared Slide and Fresh Preparation of Onion

The tissue from an onion is a good first
Prepared microscope slides is refer to a set exercise in using the microscope and
of slides that have been previously mounted viewing plant cells. The cells are easily
observable under a microscope and
by an individual who is a professional in the
the preparation of a thin section is straight
field. forward. An onion is made of layers, each
separated by a thin skin or membrane.
III. OBSERVATION/INTERPRETATIONS
1. Differentiate mitosis from amitosis
Mitosis is a type of cell division in which a eukaryotic cell separates the chromosomes
into two identical sets and it produces two daughter nuclei and two daughter cells which are
identical to parent cell while amitosis is a simple cell division process in which a simple
cleavage of the nucleus occurs and produces daughter cells, without spindle formation or
the appearance of chromosomes.
2. Differentiate cytokinesis from karyokinesis.

Cytokinesis is defined as the division of the cytoplasm during the M phase of the cell cycle.
It is the second step in M phase. This process cannot occur without karyokinesis. It is also the
final stage of mitosis, where the cytoplasm and other cell organelles divides between the two
daughter cells. However, Karyokinesis defined as the division of the nucleus during the M phase
of the cell cycle. It is the first step in M phase. This process does not depend on cytokinesis. It
divides the genetic material equally. The daughter chromosome is separated into two daughter
nuclei.
3. What cause the “dancing of the chromosomes” towards the opposite poles?
This movement is caused by dissolution of microtubules (depolymerization of the
microtubule subunits) in this process they shorten toward spindle pole, but
the chromosome stays close to the them by an ambiguous mechanism in which resembles a
ball bearing type of attachment. The spindle tubules then shorten and move toward the poles of
the cell. As they move, they pull the one copy on each chromosome with them to opposite
poles of the cell.
4. Why the root tip of an onion is an ideal specimen for examining mitotic division.
Onion root tips are commonly used to study mitosis. They are sites of rapid growth, so the cells
are dividing rapidly. The tip of the root has the root apical meristem, or also known as the root
apex. It is a small region at the tip of a root in which all cells are capable of repeated division
and from which all primary root tissues are derived. This means that the cell division on this said
area is continuous. The cells rapidly divide on this area.
5. Name 2 method of reproduction in plants. Differentiate.

Plant reproduction is the production of new offspring in plants, in which can be done by sexual
or asexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction produces offspring by the fusion of gametes,
resulting in offspring genetically different from the parent or parents. Asexual reproduction
produces new individuals without the fusion of gametes, genetically identical to the parent plants
and each other, except when mutations occur.
Metaphase 1. Alignment of the chromosomes at the equator
Prophase 2. Disappearance of the nuclear membrane
Interphase 3. Formation of two daughter cells
Telophase 4. Formation of the cell plate
Anaphase 5. Separation of sister chromatids and their movements towards

the opposite poles
Illustrate the cell cycle and state the role of each phase.
Interphase is the 'daily living' or metabolic phase of the cell, in which the cell obtains nutrients
and metabolizes them, grows, reads its DNA, and conducts other "normal" cell functions. At the
end of interphase comes the mitotic phase, which made up of mitosis and cytokinesis and leads
to the formation of two daughter cells.
Prophase is the first phase of mitosis, the process that separates the duplicated genetic
material carried in the nucleus of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells.
Metaphase is defined as the point at which all of the chromosome pairs are fully condensed,
attached to the mitotic spindle, and aligned at the center termed the metaphase plate. The
process of metaphase is that separates duplicated genetic material carried in the nucleus of a
parent cell into two identical daughter cells.
Anaphase is the dynamic mitotic stage during which the sister chromatids separate further and
migrate along the spindle to opposite spindle poles.
Telophase is technically the final stage of mitosis. During this phase, the sister chromatids
reach opposite poles. The small nuclear vesicles in the cell begin to re-form around the group of
chromosomes at each end. As the nuclear envelope re-forms by associating with the
chromosomes, two nuclei are created in the one cell.
References:
https://www.shutterstock.com/search/slide+mount
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/School_Science/How_to_prepare_an_onion_cell_slide
teachmephysiology.com

A1. Illustration of Cell Cycle

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

A1. Illustration of Cell Cycle

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

A1. Illustration of Cell Cycle

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

THE CELL CYCLE AND THE DIFFERENT STAGES OF MITOSIS

A1. Illustration of Cell Cycle

A2. Stage of Mitosis

B. Comparison Between Prepared Slide and Fresh Preparation of Onion

2. Differentiate cytokinesis from karyokinesis.

5. Name 2 method of reproduction in plants. Differentiate.

Prophase 2. Disappearance of the nuclear membrane

Interphase 3. Formation of two daughter cells

Telophase 4. Formation of the cell plate

Anaphase 5. Separation of sister chromatids and their movements towards

You might also like