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    Ibps Po: Study Material For Aptitute

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    Papan Sarkar
    1) The document discusses ratios, proportions, and related concepts like compound ratios and mean proportions. 2) It provides examples of solving ratio and proportion problems, such as finding compound ratios, third proportions, and mean proportions. 3) Several word problems involving ratios and proportions are worked out, such as calculating the total worth of a bag of coins in a given ratio or finding an unknown share value based on proportional shares.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Ibps Po: Study Material For Aptitute

    Uploaded by

    Papan Sarkar
    21 views6 pages
    1) The document discusses ratios, proportions, and related concepts like compound ratios and mean proportions. 2) It provides examples of solving ratio and proportion problems, such as finding compound ratios, third proportions, and mean proportions. 3) Several word problems involving ratios and proportions are worked out, such as calculating the total worth of a bag of coins in a given ratio or finding an unknown share value based on proportional shares.

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    1) The document discusses ratios, proportions, and related concepts like compound ratios and mean proportions. 2) It provides examples of solving ratio and proportion problems, such as finding compound ratios, third proportions, and mean proportions. 3) Several word problems involving ratios and proportions are worked out, such as calculating the total worth of a bag of coins in a given ratio or finding an unknown share value based on proportional shares.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    21 views6 pages

    Ibps Po: Study Material For Aptitute

    Uploaded by

    Papan Sarkar
    1) The document discusses ratios, proportions, and related concepts like compound ratios and mean proportions. 2) It provides examples of solving ratio and proportion problems, such as finding compound ratios, third proportions, and mean proportions. 3) Several word problems involving ratios and proportions are worked out, such as calculating the total worth of a bag of coins in a given ratio or finding an unknown share value based on proportional shares.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 6

    IBPS PO

    Study Material For Aptitute


    RATIO AND PROPORTION
    Ratio
    �
    The ratio of two quantities a and b is the fraction � and we write it as a: b.
    In the ratio a: b, we call a as the first term or antecedent and b, the second term or
    5
    consequent i.e., ratio 5: 9 represents 9 with antecedent = 5, consequent = 9.

    Q1. If A: B = 2: 3 and B: C = 5: 7 then what is the ratio A: B: C?


    Solution.

    A: B = 2: 3

    B: C= 5:7

    Multiply by 3/5 so as to make the ratio term of B Common,

    B: C = 5 × 3/5: 7 × 3/5

    ⇒ B: C = 3: 21/5
    =2 × 5: 3 × 5: 21/5 × 5
    Hence, A: B: C = 10: 15: 21

    Compounded Ratio
    If two or more ratios are given and the antecedent of one is multiplied with antecedent of others
    and consequents are multiplied with consequents of others, then the ratio obtained is called
    compound ratio.
    The compounded ratio of the ratios (a: b), (c: d), (e: f) will be (ace: bdf)
    Q2. What is the equivalent compound ratio of 17: 23 ∷ 115: 153 ∷ 18: 25?

    Solution.
    We know, compound ratio of the ratios (a: b), (c: d), (e: f) will be (ace: bdf) Thus, the
    compound ratio of (17: 23), (115: 153), (18: 25)
    = (17 × 115 × 18) / (23 × 153 × 25) = 2: 5

    Proportion

    The equality of two ratios is called proportion.


    If a: b = c: d, we write, a: b ∷ c: d and we say that a, b, c, d is in proportion. Here, a and d are called
    extremes, while b and c are called mean terms.
    Product of means = Product of extremes Thus, a: b ∷ c: d ⇔ (b × c) = (a × d)
    Types of Proportion

    Third Proportion
    If a: b = b: c, then c is called the third proportion to a and b.

    Fourth Proportion
    If a: b = c: d, then d is called the fourth proportion to a, b, c.

    Mean Proportion
    Mean proportion of a and b will be a

    Q3. If 3: 27 ∷ 5: ?

    Solution.
    If 3: 27 ∷ 5: ?
    3/27 = 5/?
    ? = 5 × 27/3
    ? = 45

    Q4. What is the third proportion to 17.9 and 16.8?


    Solution.
    When c is the third proportion to a and b, relation between a and b is: b2 =
    ac
    Let third proportion to 17.9 and 16.8 be x, then, 17.9:
    16.8 ∷ 16.8: x
    ⇒ 17.9x = 16.82
    16.8×16.8
    X= 17.9
    = 15.76
    ∴ Third proportion to 17.9 and 16.8 is 15.76.

    Q5. Find the mean proportional between 14 & 15?


    Solution.
    As we know that, mean proportional = √(ab)
    ⇒ √ (14 × 15)
    ⇒ 14.5
    So, the mean proportional of 14 and 15 = 14.5
    Q6. Mean proportional of 4 and 36 is a and third proportional of 18 and a is b. Find the
    fourth proportional of b, 12, 14.
    Solution.
    Given,
    Mean proportional of 4 and 36 = a
    ⇒ a2 = 4 × 36
    ⇒ a = 12
    Third proportional of 18 and 12 = b
    ⇒ 122 = 18 × b
    ⇒b=8
    Fourth proportional of 8, 12 and 14
    ⇒ 8/12 = 14/?
    ⇒ ? = 21

    Some Important Questions

    Q7. A bag has coins of Rs. 1, 50 Paise and 25 Paise in ratio of 5: 9: 4. What is the worth of
    the bag if the total number of coins in the bags is 72?
    Solution.
    ⇒ Number of Rs. 1 Coins = 5/18 × 72 = 20
    ⇒ Number of 50 Paise coins = 9/18 × 72 = 36
    ⇒ Number of 25 Paise coins = 4/18 × 72 = 16
    ⇒ Total worth of the bag = (20 × 1) + (0.5 × 36) + (0.25 × 16) = 20 + 18 + 4 = Rs. 42

    Q8. If 18: 13.5: 16: x and (x + y): y: 18: 10, then what is the value of y?
    Solution.
    18: 13.5: 16: x
    x = (16 × 13.5)/18
    x = 12
    Now,
    (x + y): y: 18: 10
    (12 + y): y: 9: 5
    5(12 + y) = 9y
    60 + 5y = 9y
    4y = 60
    y = 15
    Q9. Mr. Raj divides Rs. 1573 such that 4 times the 1st share, thrice the 2nd share and
    twice the third share amount to the same. Then the value of the 2nd share is:

    Solution.

    Given:
    Total amount = Rs. 1573.
    Calculation:
    Let the share of A, B and C is 4A: 3B: 2C. A: B: C
    = 1/4: 1/3: 1/2 =3: 4: 6
    The value of the 2nd share = (4/13) × 1573 = Rs. 484

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