Health Education Reviewer

Health Education Reviewer
“Health Education, Health Promotion and Health: What do these definitions have to do with
nursing?”
Health Promotion is a key component of nursing practice.

 By promoting the health of individuals, family and community, the nurses help transform the
health of individuals, our society and our healthcare system.
 Florence Nightingale - influenced modern definition of nursing by focusing on triad of person,
health and environment while stressing the promotion of health and healing.
 American Nurses’ Association (ANA) - defined nursing as the protection, promotion, and
optimization of health and abilities, prevention of injury and illness, alleviation of suffering
through diagnosis and human response and advocacy in the care of families, individuals,
communities and populations.
 International Council of Nursing -defined nursing as” including promotion of health, prevention
of illness, and the acre of ill, disabled and dying people.
Health Education VS Health Promotion
 Health Education and Health Promotion are distinct activities.

 Health Promotion focuses on socioeconomic and environmental determinants of health while
Health Education involves giving information and teaching individuals and communities how to
achieve better health.
Definition of Health Promotion

 Health Promotion includes health education, identification, reduction of health risk for selected
individuals and population, empowerment, advocacy, preventive health care, and health policy
development.
 Health Promotion includes health education and motivating lifestyle and change of behavior
based on careful understanding of the patient’s situation, economic resources, educational
background, social supports, cultural beliefs and environmental factors in the community.
 Health is influenced by feeling such as pain levels, energy levels, and the ability to perform ones
job or social role.
Medical Model and World Health Organization Definitions of Health (WHO)

 Health in medical model is defined as an absence of physical and mental disease.
 Health is also defined broadly by the WHO as “the complete state of physical, mental, social
and emotional well-being not merely the absence of disease.”
Meaning and Purpose as part of Health

 The concept of health also include the sense of meaning and purpose or knowledge that one’s
life make difference.
 Nurses need to explore what brings a sense of meaning to the patients and communities they
work with to effectively design intervention that will be satisfying.
 Perception is a vital aspect of health that nurses must consider.
 Many authors have argued that illness can be a catalyst for health and growth. Illness often
prompts individual to reflect on their life, to consider what is important to them.
FACTORS AFFECTING HEALTH
Organizational Factor Affecting Health

 Considering which Organizational factors influence health is important aspect of what nurses do
when promoting the health of their patient.
Environmental Factor Affecting Health

 It is necessary for nurses to consider environmental factor before working the client.
Examples:
 Exposure to hazardous substances in the air, water, soil, and food
 Natural and technological disasters
 Climate change
 Occupational hazards
 The built environment
Economic Factor Affecting Health

 For example, sometimes elderly patient with limited incomes have decide which of their
medications will be refilled. Or take only half of the medications prescribed by their physician
because they cant afford to fill the whole prescription
Sociocultural Factor Affecting Health

 Sociocultural factors can have major impact on health belief, health practice and health
communication and also the trust to health practitioner.
Examples:
 Education
 Income
 Exposure to Violence
 Access to healthcare
Behavioral Factors Affecting Health

 A variety of behavioral factors influence whether the patient will comply to the treatment.
 Sometimes lack of compliance and adherence with ordered care is based on previous negative
experiences with the healthcare system.
The Relationship Between Health Promotion, Health and Illness Prevention

 Defining health as well-being laid the foundation of health promotion practice and expanded the
role of nursing and medicine beyond just disease and treatment.
Wellness
 Dunn, the father of the wellness movement, advocated the maximizing of human potential by
simultaneously focusing on mind, body and spirit.
 He stressed the importance of personality, motivation, environment, and capacity to change.
Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Prevention

 Primary prevention and health promotion both focus on protecting individuals and communities
from disease and increasing health and well- being
 Secondary prevention aims to halt disease progression before it become more acute and is
designed to lessen complications and disability.
 Tertiary prevention is often called rehabilitation. It begins once a disease has stabilized and
aims to restore the individual to their highest level of functioning.
References: Bonnie Raingruber, Jones & Bartlett Learning

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Health Education Reviewer

Health Promotion is a key component of nursing practice.

Health Education VS Health Promotion

 Health Education and Health Promotion are distinct activities.

Definition of Health Promotion

Medical Model and World Health Organization Definitions of Health (WHO)

Meaning and Purpose as part of Health

Organizational Factor Affecting Health

Environmental Factor Affecting Health

Economic Factor Affecting Health

Sociocultural Factor Affecting Health

Behavioral Factors Affecting Health

The Relationship Between Health Promotion, Health and Illness Prevention

Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Prevention

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