Block: MS3 Block Name: Mark:

Class: MS3 ( ) HKCCCU Logos Academy Due date:

Physics Worksheet – Chapter 2 Electric Circuit
2.1 Electric current
Given: charge of an electron = -1.6 × 10-19 C

1. Fill in the blanks of the following questions.

(a) In convention direction of current, scientists though that current is a flow of positive
charges. It flows from the positive terminal to the negative
terminal of a battery through some electric devices. However, current is in fact a flow of
electrons moving from the negative terminal to the positive
terminal of a battery through some electric devices.
(b) The unit of electric current is ampere ( A ). Its symbol is I .

(c) The equation of current is I=Q/t , and 1 A = 1 C s-1 .

(d) Electric current is the rate of flow of positive charges. It is equal to the quantity of
positive charges passing through a conducting wire in one second.
(e) An ammeter of reading 2.5 A means that there are 2.5 C of positive charges
passing through it in one second.

2. An MP3 player draws a current of 0.5 A. If the MP3 player is switched on for 10 minutes, find the
quantity of charge pass through it.
I=Q/t
0.5 = Q / (10 x 60)
Q = 300 C

3. In the diagram, a cow gets electric shocked by an electrified fence. How

many electrons have passed through it if the current is 20 mA and the
contact time is 0.1 s?
I=Q/t
I = ne / t
20 x 10-3 = n (1.6 x 10-19) / 0.1
n = 1.25 x 1016

4. Suppose that 720 C of charge flows through a light bulb in one hour. If the charge flows at a uniform
rate, what is the size of the current?
I=Q/t
I = 720 / (60 x 60)
I = 0.2 A

Phy WS_Book4 2.1 Ans.doc Page 1 of 2

5. In the diagram, a rechargeable battery is rated at 10400 mA h.
(a) What is the current it can produce in one hour?
10400 mA
(b) How many coulombs of charge can be driven to flow through the
battery?
I=Q/t
10400 x 10-3 = Q / (60 x 60)
Q = 37440 C

6. Draw the symbols of the following electric components.

Light bulb Ammeter
A

Conducting wire Voltmeter

V

Battery Variable resistor

An electric cell Resistor

7. What are the full-scale readings and the readings of the following ammeters?
(a) (b)

Full-scale reading = 5A Full-scale reading = 1A

Reading = 2.7 A Reading = 0.88 A
(c) (d)

Full-scale reading = 50 mA Full-scale reading = 100 mA

Reading = 28 mA Reading = 86 mA

Phy WS_Book4 2.1 Ans.doc Page 2 of 2

Block: MS3 Block Name: Mark:
Class: MS3 ( ) HKCCCU Logos Academy Due date:
Physics Worksheet – Chapter 2 Electric Circuit
2.2 Voltage, electromotive fore and potential difference

1. (a) What is electric current?

Electric current is the rate of flow of electric charges in a conducting wire / an electric device

(b) State the equation of current.

I=Q/t

2. (a) Draw the circuit diagrams of the following circuits. Label the polarities of the battery and the
ammeter.

A
Fig a

Fig b

(b) In which diagram, Fig a or b, the ammeter is connected properly?

Fig b

3. (a) State the equation of electromotive force.

e=E/Q
(b) What is electromotive force?
Electromotive force is the energy provided by the source per unit charge passing through it

(c) State the equation of potential difference across an electric device.

p.d. = E / Q
(d) What is the meaning of 'potential difference' across an electric device in a circuit?
Potential difference is the energy provided to the electric device per unit charge

Phy WS_Book4 2.2_1 Ans.doc Page 1 of 2

4.

Ignore the resistance in the wires. Fill in the blanks in the following questions if
(a) we take the potential at O as zero. (b) we take the potential at O as -2 V.
P.d. across AB = 4 V P.d. across AB = 4 V
P.d. across ED = 1 V P.d. across ED = 1 V
P.d. across DC = 3 V P.d. across DC = 3 V
P.d. across CB = 0 V P.d. across CB = 0 V
Potential at O = 0V Potential at O = -2 V
Potential at A = 4V Potential at A = 2V
Potential at E = 4V Potential at E = 2V
Potential at D = 3V Potential at D = 1V
Potential at C = zero Potential at C = -2 V
Potential at B = zero Potential at B = -2 V

5. In the circuit, the e.m.f. of ONE electric cell is 9 V. The readings of V1 and V2 are 5 V and 3 V
respectively. A J
B
D G
V1
E H
C F I

V2

Ignore the resistance in the wires. Fill in the blanks in the following questions if we take the potential at J as
zero.
P.d. across AJ = 18 V Potential at J = 0
P.d. across BC = 5 V Potential at A = 18 V
P.d. across CE = 0 Potential at B = 18 V
P.d. across ED = 0 Potential at C = 13 V
P.d. across DG = 3 V Potential at E = 13 V
P.d. across FI = 3V Potential at D = 13 V
P.d. across EH = 3 V Potential at H = 10 V
P.d. across HJ = 10 V Potential at J = 0

Phy WS_Book4 2.2_1 Ans.doc Page 2 of 2

Block: MS3 Block Name: Mark:
Class: MS3 ( ) HKCCCU Logos Academy Due date:
Physics Worksheet – Chapter 2 Electric Circuit
2.2 Voltage, electromotive fore and potential difference
1. (a) Compare the difference between electromotive force and potential difference in a circuit.
Electromotive force is the energy provided by the source per unit charge passing through it.

However, potential difference is the energy provided to the electric device per unit charge

(b) State the equations of

(i) electromotive force of an electric cell: e=E/Q
(ii) potential difference across a light bulb: p.d. = E / Q

2. Draw the circuit diagram of the following circuit. Label the polarities of the electric cell, ammeter and
voltmeter.
(a)

(b) Z
A

3. Indicate the direction and the magnitude of current I in the following part of a circuit.
(a) (b) I = 0.2 A (c)
I = 0.5 A I = 0.1 A

(d) (e) (f)

I = 0.1 A I= 7A I= 1A

Phy WS_Book4 2.2_2 Ans.doc Page 1 of 2

4. Fill the blanks in the following diagrams.
(a) Full-scale reading = 5A
Reading = 2.4 A

(b) Full-scale reading = 1A

Reading = 0.7 A

(c) Full-scale reading = 5 mA

Reading = 1.2 mA

5. State the equation of current.

I=Q/t

6. A rechargeable battery is kept charging at a current of 0.5 A for 4 hours. If the voltage across the
battery throughout the charging process is 5 V, find the amount of energy transferred to the battery.
emf = E / Q
5 = E / (It)
5 = E / (0.5 x 4 x 60 x 60)
E = 36000 J

7. A typical lightning flash lasts for 0.1 s and transfers 109 J of energy. If the typical potential difference
between the cloud and the ground is 108 V in a thunderstorm, what is the size of the current in a typical
lightning flash?
P.d. = E / Q
108 = 109 / (It)
108 = 109 / (I x 0.1)
I = 100 A

8. If 360 J of energy is supplied to the circuit per minute, how many coulombs of charge flow through the
3-V battery in the circuit in 1 minute?
If the battery has no internal resistance, emf = p.d.
3=E/Q
3 = 360 / Q
Q = 120 C

Phy WS_Book4 2.2_2 Ans.doc Page 2 of 2

Block: MS3 Block Name: Mark:
Class: MS3 ( ) HKCCCU Logos Academy Due date:
Physics Worksheet – Chapter 2 Electric Circuit
2.2 Voltage, electromotive fore and potential difference
1. Compare the difference between electromotive force and potential difference in a circuit.
Electromotive force is the energy provided by the source per unit charge passing through it.

However, potential difference is the energy provided to the electric device per unit charge

2. In the circuit shown, if A1, and A2 read 2 A and 4 A respectively, what is the reading of A3?
6A

3. In the circuit shown, if A1, A2 and A3 read 6 A, 3 A and 1 A respectively, what is the reading of A4?
2A

4. Find the currents I1 and I2.

I1 = 1A
I2 = 7A

5. Find the reading of the ammeter and show its polarities.

I= 1A

6. Find the readings of the ammeters and show their polarities.

I1 = 3A
I2 = 5A

Phy WS_Book4 2.2_3 Ans.doc Page 1 of 2

7. An ideal battery is connected across two loads, X and Y, of voltages 3 V and 1 V respectively. Assume
the battery has no internal resistance.
(a) What is the e.m.f. of the battery?
4V
(b) Find the energy transfer to the charges when 100 C of charge pass
through the battery.
e.m.f. = electric PE / Q
4 = electric PE / 100
Energy transfer = electric PE = 400 J

8. State the full-scale readings and the actual readings in the diagrams.

Full-scale reading = 5V Full-scale reading = 1A

Reading = 4.2 V Reading = 0.84 A

9. In the diagram, two light bulbs X and Y are connected to a battery of 6 V. The potential drop across
bulb X is 2 V. Assume that the battery has no internal resistance and there is no energy loss in the
circuit. Sketch a hill diagram to show the variation of electric PE of 1 C of charge moving along path
AB. Take the potential at A be zero.

A B

electric PE / J

5
4
3
2
1
0

Phy WS_Book4 2.2_3 Ans.doc Page 2 of 2

Block: MS3 Block Name: Mark:
Class: MS3 ( ) HKCCCU Logos Academy Due date:
Physics Worksheet – Chapter 2 Electric Circuit
2.3 Resistance

1. (a) State Ohm's law.

Ohm's law states that the potential difference across the ends of a conductor
is directly proportional to the current flowing through it
provided that temperature and other physical conditions are unchanged
(b) The following graphs show some V-I graphs. Which matter is ohmic?
Copper sulphate solution

Copper sulphate solution Diode Dilute sulphuric acid

2. Complete the table of factors affecting resistance.

Factor Resistance of a conductor
When the temperature of a conductor increases, its resistance increases
When the length of a conductor increases, its resistance increases
When the thickness of a conductor increases, its resistance decreases
When the resistivity of a conductor increases, its resistance increases

3. The diagram shows the I-V characteristic curves of two conductors P and Q.
(a) Find the resistances of P and Q when
(i) V = 12 V
RP = 4W , RQ = 6.67 W
(ii) V = 8 V
RP = 5.33 W , RQ = 5.33 W
(iii) V = 4 V
RP = ¥ , RQ = 3.64 W
(iv) V = 2 V
RP = ¥ , RQ = 2.86 W
(b) Which of them obey ohm's law?
None of them

Phy WS_Book4 2.3 Ans.doc Page 1 of 2

4. The resistance of a metal wire is found to be 0.5 W. The length and the diameter of the wire arc 20 cm
and 0.5 mm respectively. Find the resistivity of the metal wire.

R = r! / A

0.5 = r × 0.2 / ( p (0.25 × 10-3)2)

r = 4.908738521 x 10-7 = 4.91 x 10-7 Wm

5. A piece of uniform wire of resistance 5 W has a length of 10 mm and a cross-sectional area of 2 mm2.
(a) Find the resistivity of the wire.

R = r! / A

5 = r × 0.01 / ( 2 × 10-6)
r = 10-3 Wm

(b) Suppose the length of the wire is doubled. If its cross-sectional area remains uniform, what is the
new resistance?

Since R µ !, with other factors unchanged

If the length is doubled, the resistance is also doubled

i.e. the new resistance is 10 W

6. A current of 10 mA flows through a 1-kW resistor. What is the voltage across the resistor?
V = IR
V = (10 x 10-3)(1000)
V = 10 V

7. An MP3 player has a resistance of 17 W. If it draws 0.35 A to operate, how many AA dry cells are
required to operate it?
V = IR
n x 1.5 = 0.35 x 17
n = 3.966666666666 = 4

8. The diagram shows the I-V characteristic curve of an aluminium wire. Label new curves in the
diagram.
(a) Curve A: B
An iron wire of the same dimensions.
(b) Curve B: A
A copper wire of the same length but a larger cross-sectional
area.

Phy WS_Book4 2.3 Ans.doc Page 2 of 2

Block: MS3 Block Name: Mark:
Class: MS3 ( ) HKCCCU Logos Academy Due date:
Physics Worksheet – Chapter 2 Electric Circuit
2.4 Resistors in series and in parallel

1. (a) Find the equivalent resistance of X and Y.

Req = RX + RY = 4 + 5
Req = 9 W
(b) Find the current passing through Y.
V = IReq
9=Ix9
I=1A

(c) Find the voltages across X and Y.

VX = IXRX
Alternatively,
VX = 1 x 4
4 4
VX = 4 V VX = ( )V = ´ 9
4+5 9
VX = 4 V
VY = 9 - VX 5 5
VY = ( )V = ´ 9
VY = 9 - 4 4+5 9
VY = 5 V VY = 5 V

2. (a) Find the equivalent resistance of X and Y.

1 1 1
= +
R eq RX RY
1 1 1
= +
R eq 4 6
R eq = 2.4 W

(b) What are the potential differences across X and Y?

VX = 12 V
VY = 12 V
(c) Find the current passing through
(i) the main circuit.
V = IReq
12 = I x 2.4
I=5A
(ii) Y.
VY = IYRY
12 = IY x 6
IY = 2 A

Phy WS_Book4 2.4_1 Ans.doc Page 1 of 2

3. (a) Find the equivalent resistance between P and Q.
1 1 1
= +
R RB RC
1 1 1
= +
R 2 3
R = 1.2 W
R eq = 1.2 + 6 = 7.2 W

(b) If the potential difference between P and Q is 9 V, find the current passing through
(i) A.
VA = IARA
9 = IA x (6 + 1.2)
IA = 1.25 A

(ii) B.
VBC = ICB RBC
Alternatively,
VBC = 1.25 x 1.2 3
VBC = 1.5 V IB = ( ) I BC
2+3
3
IB = ( ) ´ 1.25
VB = IB RB 2+3
VBC = IB x 2 I B = 0.75 A
1.5 = IB x 2
IB = 0.75 A

4. Find the equivalent resistance in the following networks.

(a) (b)

Req = 12 W Req = 15 W

(c) (d)

Req = 1W Req = 4W
Phy WS_Book4 2.4_1 Ans.doc Page 2 of 2
Block: MS3 Block Name: Mark:
Class: MS3 ( ) HKCCCU Logos Academy Due date:
Physics Worksheet – Chapter 2 Electric Circuit
2.4 Resistors in series and in parallel

1. Find the equivalent resistance in the following networks.

[Hint: redraw and simplify the networks]
(a) (b)

Req = 9.6 W Req = 2W

(c) (d)

Req = 10 W Req = 4.4 W

(e) (f)

Req = 2W Req = 2W

Phy WS_Book4 2.4_2 Ans.doc Page 1 of 2

2. One hundred 4 W resistors are joined in series and then in parallel as shown. Find the equivalent
resistance in each connection.
(a) (b)

Req = 400 W

Req = 0.04 W

3. Find the voltage across and the current through resistor X in each of the following circuits.
(a) (b)

VX = 8V VX = 6V
IX = 1A IX = 0.75 A

(c) (d)

VX = 2V VX = 1.5 V
IX = 0.333 A IX = 0.5 A

Phy WS_Book4 2.4_2 Ans.doc Page 2 of 2

Block: MS3 Block Name: Mark:
Class: MS3 ( ) HKCCCU Logos Academy Due date:
Physics Worksheet – Chapter 2 Electric Circuit
2.4 Resistors in series and in parallel

1. Find the equivalent resistance between X and Y if all resistors have the same resistance of 12 W.
(a) (b)

RXY = 30 W RXY = 32 W

(c) (d)

RXY = 28 W RXY = 31.2 W

2. The resistors in the following diagram are identical. If the switch is closed, what is the change to the
voltage across
(a) X?
The voltage across X increases

(b) Y?
The voltage across Y decreases

Phy WS_Book4 2.4_3 Ans.doc Page 1 of 2

3. Find the current passing through the battery in each of the following circuits.
(a) (b)

I= 2A I= 1.2 A

(c) (d)

I= 1A I= 1A

4. What are changes to the currents passing through X and Y in the following circuits when S is closed?
Assume that all batteries are ideal and there is no resistance in all connecting wires.
(a)
The current passing through X increases
The current passing through Y becomes zero

(b)
The current passing through X increases
The current passing through Y remains unchanged

Phy WS_Book4 2.4_3 Ans.doc Page 2 of 2

Block: MS3 Block Name: Mark:
Class: MS3 ( ) HKCCCU Logos Academy Due date:
Physics Worksheet – Chapter 2 Electric Circuit
2.4 Resistors in series and in parallel

1. Explain briefly the change to the following when the switch is opened:
(a) the reading of the ammeter
The reading of the ammeter decreases
because when the switch is opened,
the equivalent resistance across X and Y increases

(b) the reading of the voltmeter

The reading of the voltmeter decreases
because when the switch is opened,
the potential across Y is dropped.
Hence, the voltage across X decreases.

2. What are the currents in the following circuit?

I1 = 9A I2 = 9A I3 = 6A
I4 = 3A I5 = 3A I6 = 3A
I7 = 3A I8 = 6A I9 = 9A
I10 = 9A

3. If the resistances of X, Y and Z are 3 W, 4 W and 12 W respectively, what is the ratio of the
(a) potential differences across X, Y and Z?
VX : VY : VZ = 3 : 4 : 12
(b) currents passing through X, Y and Z?
IX : I Y : I Z = 1:1:1

4. If the resistances of X, Y and Z are 1 W, 2 W and 3 W respectively, what is the ratio of the
(a) potential differences across X, Y and Z?
VX : VY : VZ = 1:1:1
(b) currents passing through X, Y and Z?
IX : I Y : I Z = 6:3:2

5. All the bulbs in the following circuit are identical and the voltmeters are ideal. Voltmeter V1 reads 3 V.
(a) What is the voltage across the battery?
V3 = 4.5 V
(b) What is the voltmeter V2?
V3
V2 = 1.5 V

Phy WS_Book4 2.4_4 Ans.doc Page 1 of 2

6. Find the equivalent resistance of the resistor network shown below.
Req = 0.48 W

7. What is the current passing through the 2-W light bulb when the switch is
(a) open?
I= 0.5 A
(b) closed?
I= 3A

8. (a) What are the readings of A1 and A2?

I1 = 1A
I2 = 0.25 A
(b) What are the potential differences across the
(i) 3-W resistor?
3V
(ii) 4-W resistor?
3V

9. (a) What is the potential difference across AB?

VAB = 2V
(b) What is the current passing through AB?
IAB = 0.25 A

10. When switch S is closed, what is the change to the reading of the
(a) ammeter A1?
It remains unchanged
(b) ammeter A2?
It increases
(c) voltmeter?
It remains unchanged

Phy WS_Book4 2.4_4 Ans.doc Page 2 of 2

Block: MS3 Block Name: Mark:
Class: MS3 ( ) HKCCCU Logos Academy Due date:
Physics Worksheet – Chapter 2 Electric Circuit
2.4 Resistors in series and in parallel

1. What are the currents passing through resistors A and B?

6
IA = 1.2 A I A = ´ 2.2 = 1.2 A
11
IB = 1A
5
I B = ´ 2.2 = 1 A
11
Re: this is NOT true for 3 resistors or more

2. (a) When switch S is open,

(i) what are the voltages across X and Y?
VX = 4.8 V
VY = 7.2 V
(ii) what are the current passing through X and Y?
IX = 0.024 A
IY = 0.024 A
(b) When switch S is closed,
(i) what are the voltages across X and Y?
VX = 5.57 V
VY = 6.43 V
(ii) what are the current passing through X and Y?
IX = 0.0279 A
IY = 0.0214 A

3. The diagram shows four ways to control the brightness of a light bulb. For each case, state the change
in brightness of the bulb as the sliding contact is moved away from the bulb.
(a) (b) (c) (d)

sliding contact

(a) The brightness of the bulb decreases / The bulb becomes dimmer
(b) The brightness of the bulb decreases / The bulb becomes dimmer
(c) The brightness of the bulb increases / The bulb becomes brighter
(d) The brightness of the bulb increases / The bulb becomes brighter

Phy WS_Book4 2.4_5 Ans.doc Page 1 of 2

4. What is the change to the voltage across X when the resistance
of the variable resistor P is increased? Explain your answer.
The voltage across X decreases because
the equivalent resistance across Y and P increases
when the resistance of P is increased.
Therefore, the voltage shared by Y is increased.
As a result, the voltage shared by X is decreased.

5. In the following circuit, XY is a uniform resistance wire of resistance 30 W. The e.m.f. of the battery is
6 V.
(a) What is the change in brightness of the bulb when the sliding
contact S is moved towards Y? Explain briefly.
The bulb becomes brighter because
the potential difference across the bulb increases
when the sliding contact S is moved towards Y.
V = IR
6 = 0.8R
R = 7.5 W
1 1 1
(b) Suppose the current drawn from the battery is 0.8 A when S is at Y. = +
7.5 Rb 30
(i) What is the resistance of the bulb?
Rb = 10 W
10 W
(ii) What is the current drawn from the battery if S is at the mid-point between X and Y?
0.286 A

6. The diagram shows a thermistor X connected in series with a resistor.

The resistance of X decreases when its temperature increases and vice
versa.
(a) What is the voltage across AB when the resistance of the
thermistor is 300 W?
4V
(b) What is the change to the voltage across AB if the room
temperature increases? Explain your answer.
The resistance of the thermistor decreases when the room temperature increases.
Therefore, the voltage across X decreases.
As a result, the voltage across AB increases.

(c) An electronic circuit is connected across AB. It will turn on a device when the voltage across AB
is above 6 V. Is the device controlled by the electronic circuit an air-conditioner or a heater?
The device is an air-conditioner

Phy WS_Book4 2.4_5 Ans.doc Page 2 of 2

Block: MS3 Block Name: Mark:
Class: MS3 ( ) HKCCCU Logos Academy Due date:
Physics Worksheet – Chapter 2 Electric Circuit
2.5 Resistance of ammeters, voltmeters and power sources

1. Resistors X and Y are connected to an ideal 12 V battery.

(a) Find the voltage VY across Y.
VY = 300 / (200 + 300) x 12
VY = 7.2 V

(b) The voltage across Y is then measured by a voltmeter of internal resistance 1 kW.
(i) What is the new voltage VY' across Y?
6.43 V
(ii) Find the percentage error of the reading in VY.
Percentage error = (6.43 - 7.2) / 7.2 x 100%
= -10.7 %

2. The ammeter shown has an internal resistance of 4 kW. What is the largest e.m.f. of an ideal battery that
can be connected to the ammeter without damaging to it?
0.4 V

3. The voltmeter shown has an internal resistance of 15 kW. What is the largest current passing through
the voltmeter without damaging it?
1 mA

4. An ideal 60 mV battery is connected to two resistors as shown.

(a) What is the current passing through the battery? 60 mV
0.01 A
(b) An ammeter of resistance of 6 W is then connected in series to
the battery. What is the new current passing through the battery?
5 mA
(c) Suggest a method to improve the accuracy of the measurement.
Use an ammeter with a smaller resistance
Phy WS_Book4 2.5_1 Ans.doc Page 1 of 2
5. An ideal 6 V battery is connected across resistors X and Y as shown.
(a) What is the voltage across X?
2V
(b) A voltmeter of resistance of 1 kW is then connected across X.
What is the reading of the voltmeter?
0.857 V
(c) Suggest a method to improve the accuracy of the measurement.
Use an voltmeter with a larger resistance

6. In each of the following circuits, the battery is ideal. The voltmeters and the ammeters have finite
internal resistances. If the resistance of X is reduced, what are the changes to the readings?
(a) (b)

The reading of the ammeter The reading of the voltmeter

remains unchanged decreases
(c) (d)

The reading of the voltmeter The reading of the voltmeter

increases remains unchanged
The reading of the ammeter
increases

7. Two resistors are connected to an ideal battery via ammeters A1 and A2. What are the changes to the
readings when the switch is closed if
(a) the ammeters are ideal?
The reading of A1 increases
The reading of A2 remains unchanged

(b) the ammeters have internal resistance?

The reading of A1 increases
The reading of A2 decreases

Phy WS_Book4 2.5_1 Ans.doc Page 2 of 2

Block: MS3 Block Name: Mark:
Class: MS3 ( ) HKCCCU Logos Academy Due date:
Physics Worksheet – Chapter 2 Electric Circuit
2.5 Resistance of ammeters, voltmeters and power sources

1. An ammeter and a voltmeter with finite resistances are connected

to an ideal battery.
(a) If the actual resistance of X is 2 W,
(i) what is the reading of the voltmeter? Write your answer
in 5 significant figures.
V = 1.998667555 = 1.9987 V
(ii) what is the reading of the ammeter? Write your answer in
5 significant figures.
I = 1.001332445 = 1.0013 A
(iii) What is the measured resistance of X by using the ammeter and voltmeter? Write your
answer in 5 significant figures.
R = 1.9987 / 1.0013 = 1.996007984 = 1.9960 W
(b) If the actual resistance of X is 500 W,
(i) what is the reading of the voltmeter? Write your answer in 5 significant figures.
V = 2.991026919 = 2.9910 V
(ii) what is the reading of the ammeter? Write your answer in 5 significant figures.
I = 0.00897308075 = 0.0089731 = 8.9731 × 10-3 A
(iii) What is the measured resistance of X by using the ammeter and voltmeter? Write your
answer in 5 significant figures.
R = 2.9910 / 0.0089731 = 333.3333336 = 333.33 W
(c) Is this circuit more suitable for measuring a resistor of smaller or larger resistance?
It is more suitable for measuring a smaller resistance

2. In the circuit shown, the ammeter reads 0.02 A and the voltmeter reads 5 V.
(a) What is the measured resistance of X?
250 W
(b) Find actual resistance of X.

1000
IX = ´I
1000 + RX
1000
IX = ´ 0.02
1000 + RX
VX 1000
= ´ 0.02
RX 1000 + RX
5 1000
= ´ 0.02
RX 1000 + RX
RX = 333.3333333 = 333 W

Phy WS_Book4 2.5_2 Ans.doc Page 1 of 2

3. In an experiment, the current I and terminal voltage V are obtained in the table as shown below. A V-I
graph is plotted. Find the internal resistance and e.m.f. of the battery.

Since V = e - Ir,
e = y-intercept of the graph
e = 4.5 V

r = negative slope of the graph

r = (4.5 - 3) / (1.2 - 0)
r = 1.25 W

4. A battery has an e.m.f. of 9 V and an internal resistance of 2 W. Find its terminal voltage when it is
delivering a current of 1.2 A.
V = e - Ir
V = 9 - 1.2 x 2
V = 6.6 V

5. A battery of e.m.f. 12 V is connected across a light bulb of resistance 6 W. Find the terminal voltage if
(a) the battery is ideal.
V = e = 12 V
(b) the internal resistance of the battery is 1.5 W.
e = I (r + R)
12 = I (1.5 + 6)
I = 1.6 A

V = e - Ir
V = 12 - 1.6 x 1.5
V = 9.6 V

Phy WS_Book4 2.5_2 Ans.doc Page 2 of 2