What Is Psychology
What Is Psychology
What Is Psychology
Nature-nurture debate
Theoretical disciplines
2. Developmental Psychology
4. Social psychology
5. Evolutionary psychology
6. Psychopathology
Applied disciplines
1. Clinical Psychology
2. Educational Psychology
(Show more...)
Additional materials
Developmental psychology...
Abnormal psychology...
Evolutionary psychology...
Psychology of work and organization: E.g. Hawthorne
studies...
A sensitive soul
A rational soul
Schools of psychology
PSYCHOPHYSICS
GESTALT PSYCHOLOGY
ID
SUPEREGO
EGO
ID
SUPEREGO
EGO
An example of an inner conflict: (Show more...)
Many times the cause of psychological problems is below
our level of consciousness. So we don't even know about the
conflict that's going on, but it is shaping our behaviour. Freud
illustrates this by a glacier. He felt that the right way to treat
psychological problems was to bring hidden inner conflicts in
to the patient's awareness (from unconscious to conscious).
The treatment simply starts by understanding the underlying
conflict. Through that, the patients might alleviate the
symptoms.
HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY
ABRAHAM MASLOW
Psychological methodology
1) Problem definition
3) Data analysis
4) Publication of results
Experiment
Adulthood
Old Age
People age in different ways. Some people, e.g. those with
Alzheimer’s disease, deteriorate rapidly in intellect,
coordination, and ability to care for themselves. However,
most people over 65 continue to work at full or part-time
jobs, or hobbies. Many remain active and alert well into their
80s/90s. On the average, memory declines, but the results
differ remarkably among individuals.
ERIK ERIKSON’S SOCIAL VIEW OF
DEVELOPMENT
Erikson has a social view of development. He divided the
human life span into eight periods that he variously called
ages or stages. At each stage of life, he said, people have
specific tasks to master, and each stage generates its own
social and emotional conflicts. Erikson suggested that failure
to master the task of a particular stage meant unfortunate
consequences that would carry over to later stages.
IGMUND FREUD’S PSYCHOSEXUAL VIEW OF
DEVELOPMENT
Sigmund Freud has a psychosexual view of development.
According to Freud psychosexual pleasure (i.e. all strong,
pleasant excitement arising from body stimulation) begins in
infancy and influences nearly all aspects of our personality.
People have a psychosexual energy, which he
called libido (lih - BEE- doh), from a Latin word meaning
“desire.” Normally, libido is focused in an infant’s mouth and
flows to other body parts as the child grows older. Children go
through five stages of psychosexual development, and each
leaves its mark on the adult personality. If normal sexual
development is blocked or frustrated at any stage, Freud said,
part of the libido becomes fixated at that stage, and the
person continues to be pre occupied with the pleasure area
associated with that stage.