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Soil Report-Parameters & Assumption

This document provides parameters and assumptions for soil properties including: 1) Cohesion values for clays ranging from 1200-19300 kg/m2 depending on consistency. 2) Cohesion and internal friction angle values for mixed soils like silty sands or sandy clays depending on consistency. 3) Relative density and friction angle values for cohesionless soils like sands. 4) Unit weight values for soils above and below the water table depending on SPT N-value. 5) Shape factors for different footing geometries to calculate bearing capacity. 6) Nc, Nq, and Ny values for bearing capacity calculations corresponding to different internal friction angles.

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Cassandra Dunn
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
89 views

Soil Report-Parameters & Assumption

This document provides parameters and assumptions for soil properties including: 1) Cohesion values for clays ranging from 1200-19300 kg/m2 depending on consistency. 2) Cohesion and internal friction angle values for mixed soils like silty sands or sandy clays depending on consistency. 3) Relative density and friction angle values for cohesionless soils like sands. 4) Unit weight values for soils above and below the water table depending on SPT N-value. 5) Shape factors for different footing geometries to calculate bearing capacity. 6) Nc, Nq, and Ny values for bearing capacity calculations corresponding to different internal friction angles.

Uploaded by

Cassandra Dunn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PARAMETERS AND ASSUMPTIONS:

Values used in

A. Clays:

(Essential of Soil Mechanics & Foundation, by David F. McCarthy)

N Relative Soil Condition Approx. Cohesion


(kg/m²)
2-4 Soft 1200-2440
4-8 Medium 2440-4890
8-15 Stiff 4890-9780
15-30 Very Stiff 9780-19300
Above 30 Hard Above 19300

B. Mixed Soils:

(Polish Code PN 59/B-03020, 1959, Soil Mechanics & Foundation


Engineering by Wilun and Starzewski, v.1)

a.) Slightly Clayey Sands, Sandy Silts and Silts

N Relative Soil Approx. Approx. Angle of


Condition Cohesion Internal Friction
(Consistency) (kg/m²) (Ø)
2-4 Medium 200 - 1500 7 -10
4-8 Stiff 1500 2050 10 -12
8-15 Very Stiff 2050 3000 12 -16
15-30 Hard 3000 4000 16 - 20
Above 30 Very Hard Above 4000
b.) Clayey Sands, Clayey Silts and Sandy Silts

N Relative Soil Approx. Approx. Angle of


Condition Cohesion Internal Friction (Ø)
(Consistency) (kg/m²)
2-4 Soft 300 2050 5 7
4-8 Medium 2050 - 3000 7 -12
8-15 Stiff 3000 4000 12 -16
15-30 Very Stiff 4000 5000 16 - 20
Above 30 Hard Above 5000

c.) Sandy Clays and Silty Clays:

N Relative Soil Approx. Approx. Angle of


Condition Cohesion Internal Friction (Ø)
(Consistency) (kg/m²)
2-4 Soft 1000 4100 0 -2
4-8 Medium 4100 5100 2 5
8-15 Stiff 5100 6100 5 8
15-30 Very Stiff 6100 8200 8 - 10
Above 30 Hard Above 8200

C. Cohesionless Soils (Sands):

(Polish Code PN 59/B-03020, 1959, Soil Mechanics & Foundation


Engineering by Wilun and Starzewski, v.1)

N Relative Soil Condition Approx. Angle of


(Relative Density) Friction (Ø)
<4 Very Loose < 28
4-10 Loose 28 - 32
10-30 Medium 32 35
30-50 Dense 35 37
Above 50 Very Dense
For Emperical Determination of Unit Weight (y):

N Above Water Table Below Water Table


(kg/m3) (kg/m3)
2-4 1437 798
4-10 1597 898
11-20 1756 958
21-30 1916 1038
31-40 1996 1118
41-50 2076 1198
Above 50 2156 1278

For Determination of Shape Factors:

(Foundation Engineering Handbook)

Shape of
Footing Fc Fq Fy
Strip 1.0 1.0 1.0
Square 1.3 1.2 0.80
Or 1 + tan Ø
1 + Nq/Nc
Circular 1.3 1.2 0.60
Or 1 + tan Ø
1 + Nq/Nc
Rectangular 1 + (B/L)(Nq/Nc) 1 + tan Ø 1 0.4B/L
For Values of Nc, Nq, and Ny:

Ø Nc Nq Ny
0 5.7 1 0
5 7.3 1.6 0.5
10 9.6 2.7 1.2
15 12.9 4.4 2.5
20 17.7 7.4 5
25 25.1 12.7 9.7
30 37.2 22.5 19.7
34 52.6 36.5 35.0
35 57.8 41.4 42.4
40 95.7 81.3 100.4
45 172.3 173.3 297.4

D. Others:

a.) Internal Angle of Friction (Ø) = zero was assumed for saturated clay
materials.

b.) Square footing dimensions were assumed at 1.50 x 1.50 meters and
computations of bearing capacity should be reviewed in accordance with the
specific dimensions of footing.

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