Salient Features of Constitution

Government of Tamilnadu
Department of Employment and Training
Course : TNPSC Group II Exam

Subject : Indian Polity
Topic : Salient Features of Constitution
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SALIENT FEATURES OF
CONSTITUTION
SALIENT FEATURES OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION:
1. Preamble
2. Lengthiest written constitution
3. Drawn from various sources
4. Blend of Rigidity and flexibility
5. Federal system with unitary bias
6. A Secular state
7. Parliamentary form of government
8. Fundamental rights
9. Directive Principles of state policy
10. Fundamental duties
11. Synthesis of Parliamentary Sovereignty and Judicial Supremacy
12. Integrated and Independent Judiciary
13. Universal Adult Franchise
14. Single Citizenship
15. Independent Bodies
16. Emergency provisions
17. Three-Tier Government]
Page 1
Salient Features of Constitution
Provisions of the constitution and their source

Major part of the our constitution has taken from Government of India act , 1935
SL.No. Sources Features Borrowed

1.  Government of India Act – 1935 Federal Scheme office of
Governor Judiciary, Public
service Commission
Emergency provisions
administrative Details
2.  Independence of Judiciary
 Judicial Review
 President as the Executive Head
 President as Supreme Commander of
the Armed Forces USA Constitution
 The Vice-President as the ex-officio
Chairman of the Council of States
 Fundamental Rights
 Preamble
 Removal of Supreme Court and High
Court Judges
3.  Law making procedures
 Rule of Law
 System of single citizenship UK Constitution
 Parliamentary system with ministerial
responsibility
4.  Federation with ministerial responsibility
 Distribution of powers between the Union
and the States and placing residuary Canadian Constitution
powers with the Centre
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 Appointment of state governors by the

centre
5. Directive Principles of state policy,
Method of Election of the President
Nomination of members to the Rajya Sabha Irish Constitution
by the President
6. Emergency and its effect on Fundamental Weimar Constitution of
Rights Germany
7. Concurrent List, Provision regarding trade, Australian Constitution
commerce and intercourse and joint sitting
of the two houses of parliament
8. Constitutional Amendments South African Constitution
9. Fundamental Duties and the ideal of Justice
(social, Economic and political) in the Russian Constitution
Preamble
10. Republic, Liberty, Equality, Fraternity French Constitution
11. Procedure established by Law Japanese Constitution
1. PARTS
Parts Subject Matter Articles Covered
I The Union and its territory 1 to 4
II Citizenship 5 to 11
III Fundamental Rights 12 to 35
IV Directive Principles of State Policy 36 to 51
IV-A Fundamental Duties 51-A
V The Union Government 52 to 151
Chapter I - The Executive 52 to 78
Chapter II - Parliament 79 to 122
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Chapter III - Legislative Powers of President 123

Chapter IV - The Union Judiciary 124 to 147
Chapter V - Comptroller and Auditor General of India 148 to 151
VI The State Governments 152 to 237
Chapter I - General 152
Chapter II - The Executive 153 to 167
Chapter III - The State Legislature 168 to 212
Chapter IV - Legislative Powers of Governor 213
Chapter V - The High Courts 214 to 232
Chapter VI - Sub-ordinate Courts 233 to 237
VIII The Union Territories 239 to 242
IX The Panchayats 243 to 243-0
IX-A The Municipalities 243 P to 243-ZG
IX-B Cooperative Society 243-ZH to 243-
ZT
X The Scheduled and Tribal Areas 244 to 244 - A
XI Relations between the Union and the States 245 to 263
Chapter I - Legislative Relations 245 to 255
Chapter II - Administrative Relations 256 to 263
XII Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits 264 to 300-A
Chapter I - Finance 264 to 291
Chapter II - Borrowing 292 to 293
Chapter III - Property, Contracts, Rights, Liabilities, 294 to 300
Obligations and Suits
Chapter IV - Right to Property 300-A
XIII Trade, Commerce and Intercourse within the Territory 301 to 307
of India
XIV Services under the Union and the States 308 to 323
Page 4
Chapter I - Services 308 to 314

Chapter II - Public Service Commissions 308 to 323
XIV-A Tribunals 323-A to 323-B
XV Elections 324 to 329-A
XVI Special Provisions relating to SCs, OBCs and Anglo - 330 to 342
Indians
XVII Official Language 343 to 351
Chapter I - Language of the Union 343 to 344
Chapter II - Regional Languages 345 to 347
Chapter III - Language of the Supreme Court, 348 to 349
High Courts, and so on
Chapter IV - Special Directives 350 to 351
XVIII Emergency Provisions 352 to 360
XIX Miscellaneous 361 to 367
XX Amendment of the Constitution 368
XXI Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions 369 to 392
XXII Short title, Commencement, Authoritative Text in Hindi 393 to 395
and Repeals
NOTES: Part VII (dealing with Part – B states) was deleted by the 7th Amendment
Act (1956). On the other hand, both Part IV-A and Part XIV-A were added by the
42nd Amendment Act (1976), while Part IX-A was added by the 74th Amendment Act
(1992), and part IX-B was added by the 97th Amendment Act (2011).
Page 5

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Government of Tamilnadu

Department of Employment and Training

Course : TNPSC Group II Exam

Provisions of the constitution and their source

SL.No. Sources Features Borrowed

 Appointment of state governors by the

Chapter III - Legislative Powers of President 123

Chapter I - Services 308 to 314

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