MICROSOFT EXCEL

Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet developed by Microsoft for Windows, macOS, Android and
iOS. It features calculation or computation capabilities, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro
programming language called Visual Basic for Applications(VBA). Excel forms part of the
Microsoft Office suite of software.
Microsoft Excel is powerful data visualization and analysis software, which uses spreadsheets to
store, organize, and track data sets with formulas and functions. Excel is used by marketers,
accountants, data analysts, and other professionals. It's part of the Microsoft Office suite of
products. Excel is used to store, analyze, and report on large amounts of data. It is often used by
accounting teams for financial analysis, but can be used by any professional to manage long and
unwieldy data sets. Examples of excel applications include balance sheets, budgets, or editorial
calendars.
Excel is primarily used for creating financial documents because of its strong computational
powers. We’ll often find the software in accounting offices and teams because it allows
accountants to automatically see sums, averages, and totals. With Excel, they can easily make
sense of their business’ data.

While Excel is primarily known as an accounting tool, professionals in any field can use its
features and formulas — especially marketers — because it can be used for tracking any type of
data. It removes the need to spend hours and hours counting cells or copying and pasting
performance numbers. Excel typically has a shortcut or quick fix that speeds up the process.

INTRODUCTION OF SPREADSHEET

A spreadsheet is a computer application that is designed to add, display, analyze, organize, and
manipulate data arranged in rows and columns. It is the most popular application for
accounting, analytics, data presentation, etc. Or in other words, spreadsheets are scalable grid-
based files that are used to organize data and perform calculations. People all across the world
use spreadsheets to create tables for personal and business usage. 
A collection of spreadsheets is known as a workbook. Every Excel file is called a workbook.
Every time when you start a new project in Excel, you’ll need to create a new workbook. There
are several methods for getting started with an Excel workbook. To create a new worksheet or
access an existing one, you can either start from scratch or utilize a pre-designed template.
A single Excel worksheet is a tabular spreadsheet that consists of a matrix of rectangular cells
grouped in rows and columns. It has a total of 1,048,576 rows and 16,384 columns, resulting in
17,179,869,184 cells on a single page of a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet where we can write,
modify, and manage our data.
 WORKSHEET
The term Worksheet used in Excel documents is a collection of cells organized in rows and
columns. It is the working surface you interact with to enter data. Each worksheet contains
1048576 rows and 16384 columns and serves as a giant table that allows you to organize
information. Typically, a workbook contains several worksheets with related content and only
one of the worksheets is active at a time.

Main Characteristics of worksheets:-

 Cells: Each worksheet has a significant number of cells that can be assigned values and
various formatting options. The Cells property allows you to insert, manipulate and delete
worksheet cells. More information about worksheet cells is available in the What is a
Cell? section.

 Rows and Columns: Cells in a worksheet are organized in rows and columns. The API of
a worksheet allows you insert, manipulate and delete rows and columns. Additionally, you
can adjust the height of specific rows and the width of columns. For more info about rows
refer to the Working with Rows and Columns section.

 Names (Named Ranges): The Worksheet class exposes a Names property of type Name

 Used Cell Range and Get Used Cell Range(): Since each worksheet contains over a
million rows and more than sixteen thousand columns, it is unlikely to use the full
capacity of a worksheet. Typically, a worksheet uses only a part of the available cells.
That said, in a number of scenarios you might want to know which part of the worksheet
contains your data and ignore the rest of the cells. 

STARTING MS-EXCEL

1. Click the Start button . If Excel Starter is not included among the list of programs you see,
click All Programs, and then click Microsoft Office Starter.
2. Click Microsoft Excel Starter 2010.

The Excel Starter startup screen appears, and a blank spreadsheet is displayed. In Excel Starter, a
spreadsheet is called a worksheet, and worksheets are stored in a file called a workbook.
Workbooks can have one or more worksheets in them.
 1. Columns (labeled with letters) and rows (labeled with numbers) make up the cells of your
worksheet.

2. Clicking the File tab opens the Backstage view of your workbook, where you can open and
save files, get information about the current workbook, and perform other tasks that do not have
to do with the content of the workbook, such as printing it or sending a copy of it in e-mail.

3. Each tab in the ribbon displays commands that are grouped by task. You'll probably spend
most of your time using the Home tab, when you're entering and formatting data. Use
the Insert tab to add tables, charts, pictures, or other graphics to your worksheet. Use the Page
Layout tab to adjust margins and layout, especially for printing. Use the Formulas tab to make
calculations on the data in your worksheet.

4. The pane along the side of the Excel Starter window includes links to Help and shortcuts to
templates and clip art, to give you a head-start on creating workbooks for specific tasks, such as
managing a membership list or tracking expenses. The pane also displays advertising and a link
to purchase a full-feature edition of Office.

INSERTING DATA

To work with data on a worksheet, you first have to enter that data in the cells on the worksheet.

1. Click a cell, and then type data in that cell.

(To enter data on a new line in a cell, enter a line break by pressing ALT+ENTER).

3. To enter a series of data, such as days, months, or progressive numbers, type the starting value in
a cell, and then in the next cell type a value to establish a pattern. For example, if you want the
series 1, 2, 3, 4, 5..., type 1 and 2 in the first two cells.

Select the cells that contain the starting values, and then drag the fill handle   across the
range that you want to fill.

(To fill in increasing order, drag down or to the right. To fill in decreasing order, drag up or to
the left).
 FORMATTING NUMBERS

1. Select a cell or a cell range.

2. On the Home tab, select Number from the drop-down.

Or, you can choose one of these options:

 Press CTRL + 1 and select Number.

 Right-click the cell or cell range, select Format Cells… , and select Number.

 Select the dialog box launcher   next to Number   and then select Number.

3. Select the format you want.

NUMBER FORMATS

To see all available number formats, click the Dialog Box Launcher next to Number on
the Home tab in the Number group.

Format Description
General The default number format that Excel applies when you type a number.
For the most part, numbers that are formatted with the General format
are displayed just the way you type them. However, if the cell is not
wide enough to show the entire number, the General format rounds the
numbers with decimals. The General number format also uses scientific
(exponential) notation for large numbers (12 or more digits).
Number Used for the general display of numbers. You can specify the number of
decimal places that you want to use, whether you want to use a thousand
separator, and how you want to display negative numbers.
Format Description
Currency Used for general monetary values and displays the default currency
symbol with numbers. You can specify the number of decimal places
that you want to use, whether you want to use a thousand separator, and
how you want to display negative numbers.

Accounting Also used for monetary values, but it aligns the currency symbols and
decimal points of numbers in a column.
Date Displays date and time serial numbers as date values, according to the
type and locale (location) that you specify. Date formats that begin with
an asterisk (*) respond to changes in regional date and time settings that
are specified in Control Panel. Formats without an asterisk are not
affected by Control Panel settings.
Time Displays date and time serial numbers as time values, according to the
type and locale (location) that you specify. Time formats that begin with
an asterisk (*) respond to changes in regional date and time settings that
are specified in Control Panel. Formats without an asterisk are not
affected by Control Panel settings.
Percentage Multiplies the cell value by 100 and displays the result with a percent
(%) symbol. You can specify the number of decimal places that you
want to use.
Fraction Displays a number as a fraction, according to the type of fraction that
you specify.
Scientific Displays a number in exponential notation, replacing part of the number
with E+n, where E (which stands for Exponent) multiplies the preceding
number by 10 to the nth power. For example, a 2-
decimal Scientific format displays 12345678901 as 1.23E+10, which is
1.23 times 10 to the 10th power. You can specify the number of decimal
places that you want to use.
Text Treats the content of a cell as text and displays the content exactly as you
type it, even when you type numbers.
Special Displays a number as a postal code (ZIP Code), phone number, or Social
Security number.
Custom Allows you to modify a copy of an existing number format code. Use
this format to create a custom number format that is added to the list of
number format codes. You can add between 200 and 250 custom number
formats, depending on the language version of Excel that is installed on
your computer. For more information about custom formats, see Create
or delete a custom number format.
 CREATE A CHART

1. Select the data for which you want to create a chart.

2. Click INSERT > Recommended Charts.

3. On the Recommended Charts tab, scroll through the list of charts that Excel recommends for
your data, and click any chart to see how your data will look.

If you don’t see a chart you like, click All Charts to see all the available chart types.

4. When you find the chart you like, click it > OK.

5. Use the Chart Elements, Chart Styles, and Chart Filters buttons, next to the upper-right

6. To access additional design and formatting features, click anywhere in the chart to add
the CHART TOOLS to the ribbon, and then click the options you want on
the DESIGN and FORMAT tabs.