EPT Micro Project

NAVJEEVAN EDUCATION SOCIETY’S POLYTECHNIC
TITLE: COMPONENTS OF TRANSMISSION LINE
PROGRAM COURSE: Second Year Electrical Engineering
ACADEMIC YEAR: 2021-2022
HELPED AND GUIDED BY: Mr. Rajesh Chamat Sir
GROUP MEMBERS ROLL.NO. ENROLLMENT NO.

Dhanesh Vikas Chaudhari 604 2001440125
Sagar Pandharinath Ingale 606 2001440127
Mohammed Zaid Irfan Shaikh 628 2001440149
PART A
Components of transmission line
1.0 BRIEF INTRODUTION
The term Transmission Lines broadly refers to overhead transmission lines and underground
cables. The key function of a transmission line is to transfer bulk power between generation
sources and load centers. Transmission Lines are made up of various components, namely
lattice structures, conductors, cables, insulators, and earthing systems. These components
are described in more detail in this document.
2.0 AIM OF MICRO-PROJECT
The purpose of this document is to provide a high level summary of the various components.
Primary and secondary functions of transmission line components are provided for context.
3.0 ACTION PLAN
Sr. Planed Start Planed Name Of Responsible

Details of Activity
No. Date Finish Date Term Member
Discussion on project
1. 23/2/22 2/3/22 All members
topic
The topic after
2. 2/3/22 9/3/22 All members
discussing
Collection of
3. 9/3/22 16/3/22 Sagar, Dhanesh
information
Discussion on
4. 16/3/22 23/3/22 All members
important points
Prepare format (Part-
5. 23/3/22 30/3/22 Mohammed Zaid
A)
Prepare format (Part-
6. 30/3/22 6/4/22 Mohammed Zaid
B)
7. Final submission 6/4/22 13/4/22 All members
4.0 RESOURCES USED
Name of
Sr. no Specification Quantity Remark
resources
1 Website www.electranet.com - -
Reference book
2 Principal of V.K.Mehta
- -
power system
Reference book
3 engineering S.L.Gupta
- -
physics
PART B
Components of transmission line
1.0 BRIEF INTRODUTION
A transmission line is a structure intended to transport electromagnetic signals or power. An

elementary transmission line is simply a pair of wires with one wire serving as a datum (i.e., a
reference; e.g., “ground”) and the other wire bearing an electrical potential that is defined
relative to that datum.
2.0 Transmission Lines Components
1. Lattice structures: A lattice structure is a space-filling unit cell that can
be tessellated along any axis with no gaps between cells.
 Poles: Electrical Pole is the structure or column used to support the overhead transmission
line, electric cables, telecommunication cables, equipment such as a transformer, street light,
etc. The electric pole used to support the transmission line is called a transmission pole.
 The different types of poles are:

 Wooden Pole: Wooden pole means the stem of a tree which has the proper natural
characteristics to meet the engineering and design standards to support a utility line; and has
been harvested, shaped, treated, and certified to meet that need.
 PCC Pole: Poles was the first venture undertaken by the group. These poles are
essentially made of concrete which are inevitably less costly and more economically
maintainable than the conventional steel poles. They are of two types depending upon the end
use of the pole-Low tensile and High Tensile Line.
 RCC Pole: The full form of RCC pole is reinforced cement concrete. The plain cement
concrete pole is made with cement and concrete, the PCC pole has low mechanical strength.
 Rail Pole: The strength of rail pole is maximum, so the cost is also maximum. The weight is
also more and due to such weight factor, the cost of transportation, loading, and unloading are
more. For 400/230 volt line, this pole is not used. In 11 KV and 33 KV system, we use rail poles.
 Steel Pole: These poles are used for 400/230 volt low and medium current system. We also
use these poles in 11 KV H.T. line. In some cases for we use these poles in high voltage like 33
KV system.
 Steel Tower: A lattice tower is a framework construction made of steel or aluminum sections.
Lattice towers are used for power lines of all voltages, and are the most common type for high-
voltage transmission lines. Lattice towers are usually made of galvanized steel.
2. Conductor: The most common conductor in use for transmission today
is aluminum conductor steel reinforced (ACSR). Also seeing much use is all-
aluminum-alloy conductor (AAAC). Aluminum is used because it has about
half the weight and lower cost of a comparable resistance copper cable.
 Types of conductor in transmission line:
 AAC: All Aluminium conductors. AAC (all aluminum conductor) is the most
economical bare overhead conductor due to its lighter weight. It offers easier
handling during installation and use of simpler fittings. The wire is corrosion
resistant due to its homogeneous construction.
 AAAC: All Aluminium Alloy conductors. This conductor is made from aluminum-
magnesium-silicon alloy of high electrical conductivity containing enough
magnesium silicide to give it better mechanical properties after treatment. These
conductors are generally made out of aluminum alloy 6201.
 ACSR: Aluminium conductors, Steel-Reinforced. Aluminum Conductor Steel

Reinforced (ACSR) is concentrically stranded conductor with one or more layers of
hard drawn 1350-H19 aluminum wire on galvanized steel wire core. The core can
be single wire or stranded depending on the size.
 ACAR: Aluminium conductor, Alloy-Reinforced. All Aluminum Conductors Alloy
reinforced (ACAR): is formed by concentrically stranded Wires of Aluminum on
high strength Aluminum-Magnesium- Silicon (AlMgSi) Alloy core. ACAR has got a
better mechanical and electrical properties as compared to an equivalent
conductors of ACSR, AAC or AAAC.
3. Cables: cable, in electrical and electronic systems, a conductor or group of

conductors for transmitting electric power or telecommunication signals from
one place to another.
 Types of cable: There are three types of cables used in wired transmission namely:
 Twisted pair cables: One of the earliest guided transmission media is twisted pair
cables. A twisted pair cable comprises of two separate insulated copper wires, which
are twisted together and run in parallel. The copper wires are typically 1mm in
diameter. One of the wires is used to transmit data and the other is the ground
reference.
 Coaxial cables: Coaxial cable is used as a transmission line for radio frequency
signals. Its applications include feed lines connecting radio transmitters and receivers
to their antennas, computer network (e.g., Ethernet) connections, digital audio
(S/PDIF), and distribution of cable television signals .
 Fiber optic cables: A fiber-optic cable, also known as an optical-fiber cable, is an
assembly similar to an electrical cable, but containing one or more optical fibers that
are used to carry light.
4. Insulator: An insulator gives support to the overhead line conductors on
the poles to prevent the current flow toward earth. In the transmission lines,
it plays an essential role in its operation. The designing of an insulator can
be done using different materials like rubber, wood, plastic, mica, etc.
 Types of insulator: There are 5 types of insulators used in transmission lines as

overhead insulation:
 Pin Insulator: A pin insulator is a device that isolates a wire from
a physical support such as a pin (a wooden or metal dowel of about
3 cm diameter with screw threads) on a telegraph or utility pole. It
is a formed, single layer shape that is made out of a non-
conducting material, usually porcelain or glass.
 Suspension Insulator: A suspension type

insulator protects an over headed transmission line
like a conductor. Generally, it is made up of
porcelain material that includes single or a string of
insulating discs hanged over a tower.
 Strain Insulator: A strain insulator is an electrical insulator that is designed to work in
mechanical tension (strain), to withstand the pull of a suspended electrical wire or cable. They
are used in overhead electrical wiring, to support radio antennas and overhead power lines.
 Stay Insulator: A Stay insulator is a form of low voltage insulators made to counterweight and
fasten the dead-end pole by combining stay wire or guy grip. It is also introduced as an egg
insulator or stay part.
 Shackle Insulator: The shackle insulator (also known as a spool insulator) is usually used in
low voltage distribution network. It can be used in both the horizontal or vertical positions. The
use of such insulator has decreased recently after increasing the using of underground cable for
distribution purpose.
5. Earthing system: Ground wires or earth wires offer a shield to the line.
Earth wires intercept lightning strikes before they can hit the conductors or
power lines, protecting them from damage and power surges. These earth
wires are bare conductors placed and attached at the top of the
transmission towers.
3.0 COURSE OUT COMES
 Interpret various components.
 Interpret the normal operation of the electric transmission and distribution
systems.
 Maintain the functioning of the medium and high voltage transmission
system.
4.0 MICRO PROJECT OUTPUTS

 Applications of transmission lines
 Used for transmission of high-frequency signals over long as well as short distances.
 Used in television cables, internet connections, printed circuit boards, etc.
 Used for measuring optical and elastic properties of materials.
 Used in telephone lines.
 Used in voltage transformers.
5.0 RESOURCES USED

Name of
Sr. no Specification Quantity Remark
resources
1 Website www.electranet.com - -
Reference book
2 Principal of V.K.Mehta
- -
power system
Reference book
3 engineering S.L.Gupta
- -
physics
6.0 SKIL DELELOPED/LEARNING OUT OF THE MICROPROJECT

 We able to know about Transmission line.
We understood the applications of transmission line and its components thereby
making us full filed with the adequate to be used in further professional career.
--------------------------------------THANK YOU---------------------------------------

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NAVJEEVAN EDUCATION SOCIETY’S POLYTECHNIC

TITLE: COMPONENTS OF TRANSMISSION LINE

PROGRAM COURSE: Second Year Electrical Engineering

ACADEMIC YEAR: 2021-2022

HELPED AND GUIDED BY: Mr. Rajesh Chamat Sir

GROUP MEMBERS ROLL.NO. ENROLLMENT NO.

Components of transmission line

1.0 BRIEF INTRODUTION

2.0 AIM OF MICRO-PROJECT

3.0 ACTION PLAN

Sr. Planed Start Planed Name Of Responsible

Components of transmission line

1.0 BRIEF INTRODUTION

A transmission line is a structure intended to transport electromagnetic signals or power. An

 The different types of poles are:

 Types of conductor in transmission line:

 ACSR: Aluminium conductors, Steel-Reinforced. Aluminum Conductor Steel

3. Cables: cable, in electrical and electronic systems, a conductor or group of

 Types of insulator: There are 5 types of insulators used in transmission lines as

 Suspension Insulator: A suspension type

4.0 MICRO PROJECT OUTPUTS

5.0 RESOURCES USED

6.0 SKIL DELELOPED/LEARNING OUT OF THE MICROPROJECT

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