SPECIFICATION FOR CARBON STRUCTURAL STEEL

SA-36 /SA-36M

(Identical with ASTM Specification A 36 /A 36M-97a⑀1) 01

1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents

1.1 This specification covers carbon steel shapes, 2.1 ASTM Standards:
plates, and bars of structural quality for use in riveted, A 6 /A 6M Specification for General Requirements for
bolted, or welded construction of bridges and buildings, Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and
and for general structural purposes. Sheet Piling
A 27 /A 27M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon,
1.2 Supplementary requirements are provided for use for General Application
where additional testing or additional restrictions are A 307 Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs,
required by the purchaser. Such requirements apply 60 000 psi Tensile Strength
only when specified in the purchase order. A 325 Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat
Treated, 120 /105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
1.3 When the steel is to be welded, a welding A 325M Specification for High-Strength Bolts for Struc-
procedure suitable for the grade of steel and intended tural Steel Joints [Metric]
use or service is to be utilized. See Appendix X3 of A 500 Specification for Cold-Formed Welded and Seam-
Specification A 6/A 6M for information on weldability. less Carbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds and
Shapes
1.4 For Groups 4 and 5 wide flange shapes for use A 501 Specification for Hot-Formed Welded and Seam-
in tension, it is recommended that the purchaser consider less Carbon Steel Structural Tubing
specifying supplementary requirements, such as fine A 502 Specification for Steel Structural Rivets
austenitic grain size and Charpy V-Notch Impact testing. A 563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
A 563M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
[Metric]
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or
A 570 /A 570M Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip,
SI units are to be regarded separately as standard.
Carbon, Hot-Rolled, Structural Quality
Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The
A 668 Specification for Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy,
values stated in each system are not exact equivalents,
for General Industrial Use
therefore, each system is to be used independently of
F 568M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Exter-
the other, without combining values in any way.
nally Threaded Metric Fasteners
1.6 The text of this specification contains notes or
footnotes, or both, that provide explanatory material.
Such notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables
and figures, do not contain any mandatory requirements. 3. Appurtenant Materials
3.1 When components of a steel structure are identi-
1.7 For plates cut from coiled product, the additional fied with this ASTM designation but the product form
requirements, including additional testing requirements is not listed in the scope of this specification, the
and the reporting of additional test results, of A 6/A material shall conform to one of the standards listed
6M apply. in Table 1 unless otherwise specified by the purchaser.

157

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Licensed by Information Handling Services
 SA-36 /SA-36M 2001 SECTION II

4. General Requirements for Delivery 6. Process

4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall 6.1 The steel shall be made by one or more of
conform to the requirements of the current edition of the following processes: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or
Specification A 6 /A 6M, for the ordered material, electric-furnace.
unless a conflict exists in which case this specification
6.2 No rimmed or capped steel shall be used for
shall prevail.
plates and bars over 1⁄2 in. [12.5 mm] thick or for
4.1.1 Coiled product is excluded from qualification shapes other than Group 1.
to this specification until levelled and cut to length.
Plates produced from coil means plates that have been
cut to individual lengths from a coiled product and 7. Chemical Requirements
are furnished without heat treatment. The processor
7.1 The heat analysis shall conform to the require-
decoils, levels, cuts to length and marks the product. The
ments prescribed in Table 2, except as specified in 5.2.
processor is responsible for performing and certifying all
tests, examinations, repairs, inspections or operations 7.2 The steel shall conform on product analysis to
not intended to affect the properties of the material. the requirements prescribed in Table 2, subject to the
For plates produced from coils, two test results shall product analysis tolerances in Specification A 6 /A 6M.
be reported for each qualifying coil. See Note 1.
NOTE 1 — Additional requirements regarding plate from coil are
described in Specification A 6/A 6M. 8. Tensile Requirements
8.1 The material as represented by the test specimen,
except as specified in 5.2 and 8.2, shall conform to
5. Bearing Plates the requirements as to the tensile properties prescribed
in Table 3.
5.1 Unless otherwise specified, plates used as bearing
plates for bridges shall be subjected to mechanical 8.2 Shapes less than 1 in.2 [645 mm2] in cross
tests and shall conform to the tensile requirements of section and bars, other than flats, less than 1⁄2 in. [12.5
Section 8. mm] in thickness or diameter need not be subjected
to tension tests by the manufacturer, provided that the
5.2 Unless otherwise specified, mechanical tests shall
chemical composition used is appropriate for obtaining
not be required for plates over 11⁄2 in. [40 mm] in
the tensile properties in Table 3.
thickness used as bearing plates in structures other than
bridges, subject to the requirement that they shall
contain 0.20 to 0.33% carbon by heat analysis, that
9. Keywords
the chemical composition shall conform to the require-
ments of Table 2 in phosphorus and sulfur content, 9.1 bars; bolted construction; bridges; buildings; car-
and that a sufficient discard shall be made to secure bon; plates; riveted construction; shapes; steel; structural
sound plates. steel; welded construction

158

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Licensed by Information Handling Services
 PART A — FERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS SA-36 /SA-36M

TABLE 1
APPURTENANT MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS
NOTE 1 — The specifier should be satisfied of the suitability of these
materials for the intended application. Composition and/or mechanical
properties may be different than specified in A 36/A 36M.
Material ASTM Designation
Steel rivets A 502, Grade 1
Bolts A 307, Grade A or F 568M,
Class 4.6
High-strength bolts A 325 or A 325M
Steel nuts A 563 or A 563M
Cast steel A 27/A27M, Grade 65-35
[450-240]
Forgings (carbon steel) A 668, Class D
Hot-rolled sheets and strip A 570/A 570M, Grade 36
Cold-formed tubing A 500, Grade B
Hot-formed tubing A 501
Anchor bolts F 1554

159

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Licensed by Information Handling Services
 SA-36 /SA-36M

Licensed by Information Handling Services

TABLE 2
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
Note 1 — Where “. . .” appears in this table, there is no requirement. The heat analysis for manganese shall be determined and reported as described in the heat analysis section of
Specification A 6/A 6M.

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Plates B Bars
3 1 1 3
Over ⁄4 to Over 1 ⁄2 Over 2 ⁄2 Over ⁄4 to Over 11⁄2
A 11⁄2 [20 to 21⁄2 to 4 [65 11⁄2 [20 to 4
Product Shapes
To 3⁄4 to 40], [40 to to 100], Over 4 To 3⁄4 to 40], [100], Over 4
Thickness, in. [mm] All [20], incl incl 65], incl incl [100] [20], incl incl incl [100]

160
Carbon, max, % 0.26 0.25 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.29 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.29
Manganese, % ... ... 0.80–1.20 0.80–1.20 0.85–1.20 0.85–1.20 ... 0.60–0.90 0.60–0.90 0.60–0.90
2001 SECTION II

Phosphorus, max, % 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04
Sulfur, max, % 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
Silicon, % 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.15–0.40 0.15-0.40 0.15–0.40 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.40 max
Copper, min, % when copper 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20
steel is specified
A
Manganese content of 0.85–1.35% and silicon content of 0.15–0.40% is required for shapes over 426 lb/ft [634 kg/m].
B
For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06% manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up to the maximum of 1.35%.
 PART A — FERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS SA-36 /SA-36M

TABLE 3
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS A
Plates, Shapes, B and Bars:
Tensile strength, ksi [MPa] 58–80 [400–550]
Yield point, min, ksi [MPa] 36 [250] C
Plates and Bars D,E:
Elongation in 8 in. [200 mm], min, % 20
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min, % 23
Shapes:
Elongation in 8 in. [200 mm], min, % 20
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min, % 21B
A
See Specimen Orientation under the Tension Tests section of Speci-
fication A 6/A 6M.
B
For wide flange shapes over 426 lb/ft [634 kg/m], the 80 ksi [550
MPa] maximum tensile strength does not apply and a minimum
elongation in 2 in. [50 mm] of 19%, applies.
C
Yield point 32 ksi [220 MPa] for plates over 8 in. [200 mm] in
thickness.
D
Elongation not required to be determined for floor plate.
E
For plates wider than 24 in. [600 mm], the elongation requirement
is reduced two percentage points. See elongation requirement adjust-
ments under the Tension Tests section of Specification A 6/A 6M.

161

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Licensed by Information Handling Services
 SA-36 /SA-36M 2001 SECTION II

ADDITIONAL SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

These requirements shall not apply unless specified in the order. Standardized
supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser are listed in
Specification A 6 /A 6M. Those that are considered suitable for use with this specifi-
cation are listed by title:

S5. Charpy V-Notch Impact Test.

S14. Bend Test.

162

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Licensed by Information Handling Services
 PART A — FERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS SA-36 /SA-36M

ADDITIONAL SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

In addition, the following optional supplementary requirements are also suitable for
use with this specification.

S91. Fine Austenitic Grain Size

S91.1 The steel shall be killed and have a fine
austenitic grain size.

S97. Limitation on Rimmed or Capped Steel

S97.1 The steel shall be other than rimmed or capped.

163

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Licensed by Information Handling Services