WHOLE BRAIN LEARNING SYSTEM

OUTCOME – BASED EDUCATION

SCIENCE GRADE
GENERAL CHEMISTRY 1 11

4
LEARNING QUARTER

MODULE WEEK 6

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 2

0
 MODULE IN
GENERAL CHEMISTRY 1

QUARTER 4
WEEK 6

Polymers

Development Team

Writer: Preciousa F. Ramos

Editors/Reviewers: Elizabeth H. Domingo Hamilton C. Remigio

Flenie A. Galicinao Lourdes B. Arucan
Lay-out Artist: Flenie A. Galicinao

Management Team:
Vilma D. Eda, CESO V
Arnel S. Bandiola Lourdes B. Arucan

Juanito V. Labao Flenie A. Galicinao

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 1 1

 What I Need to Know

This module helps you understand the polymers and how they are formed. It also
discusses the structure of polymers and explain their properties based from the structure. In
your journey through the discussions and assigned tasks, you are expected to:

Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC):

1. describe the formation and structure of polymers; and (STEM_GC11OCIIg-j-91)

2. explain the properties of some polymers in terms of their structure.
(STEM_GC11OCIIg-j-93)

Learning Objectives:

The learners should be able to:

1. define polymers;
2. enumerate the classifications of polymers;
3. describe the formation of polymers and explain their properties based from their
structure; and
4. give examples of common polymers.

Lesson 1 – Polymers

Note: All answers to assessments/activities must be written on a separate sheet of paper.

What I Know

Directions: Read the question/statement carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer
on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following is the best definition of a polymer?

A. a very long molecule
B. a very long molecule with no pattern to its structure
C. a giant lattice of carbon atoms in a repeating pattern
D. a very long covalent molecule constructed from a repeating unit

2. The small units of polymer are called ________.

A. homomers C. atoms
B. monomers D. polyatomic ions

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 1 2

3. What is the method of creating synthetic polymers by combining smaller molecules, into a
chain held together by covalent bonds?
A. addition C. melting
B. synthesis D. polymerization

4. What serves as the backbone of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene and

polystyrene polymers?
A. carbon C. oxygen
B. nitrogen D. sulfur

5. Polymers that have carbon backbone are ____________ polymers.

A. inorganic C. plastic
B. organic D. semi-inorganic

6. Which of the following is NOT an example of a thermoplastic polymer?

A. plastic bottles C. epoxy resin
B. films D. fibers

7. Which type of polymer does not melt when heated but keeps its original shape?
A. thermoplastic C. linear
B. thermosetting D. both A and B

8. In this type of polymerization, small monomer units join to form a giant polymer?
A. addition C. substitution
B. condensation D. copolymerization

9. Which of the following is a linear polymer?

A. bakelite C. LDPE
B. melamine D. PVC

10. Which of the following is the monomer of polypropene?

A. propene C. formaldehyde and urea
B. styrene D. phenol and aldehyde

Lesson
Polymers
1

This module presents to you the properties of polymers. In the previous module, you
learned about the properties of organic compounds in terms of their structure. In this module,
you will learn about the structures of polymers and how polymers are formed. You will also be
able to explain the properties of some polymers in terms of their structure.

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 1 3

 What’s In

Directions: The following abbreviations are commonly used in describing plastics or

polymers. Write the meaning of the abbreviated words.

1. HDPE is used for making rigid plastic bottles. _______ ___________________

2. LDPE is used for making plastic shopping bags._________________________
3. CLPE is used in making plastic caps on soda bottles. _____________________
4. PVA is used in latex paints. _______________________________________________________________
5. PVC is used in making plastic pipes for plumbing. _______________________
6. SBR is used in making tires. ________________________________________

What’s New

Many of the things around us are made of polymers. Food that we eat and clothes we
wear are made of polymers. We use polymers in almost every area of modern living. Grocery
bags, soda and water bottles, textile fibers, phones, computers, food packaging, auto parts,
plastic materials and toys all contain polymers. Polymers may be naturally found in plants and
animals (natural polymers) or may be man-made (synthetic polymers). Some of the most
common natural polymers include starch, cellulose, and proteins. Proteins are natural
polymers made up of amino acids, and nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are polymers of
nucleotides — complex molecules composed of nitrogen-containing bases, sugars and
phosphoric acid, for example. The ultimate natural polymers are the deoxyribonucleic acid
(DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) that define life. Spider silk, hair, and horn are protein
polymers. Starch can be a polymer as is cellulose in wood. Some synthetic polymers may be
familiar to you as plastics and synthetic fibers. Rubber tree latex and cellulose have been used
as raw material to make manufactured polymeric rubber and plastics. The first synthetic
manufactured plastic was Bakelite, created in 1909 for telephone casing and electrical
components. The first manufactured polymeric fiber was Rayon, from cellulose, in 1910. Nylon
was invented in 1935 while pursuing a synthetic spider silk.

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 1 4

What is a polymer?
Polymers are large molecules made of many small units joined to each other through
organic reactions. The small units are called monomers. A polymer can be made from identical
or different monomers. Repeating units are often made of carbon and hydrogen and
sometimes oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, chlorine, fluorine, phosphorous, and silicon. To make the
chain, many links or “-mers” are chemically hooked or polymerized together.

Polymerization is the method of creating synthetic polymers by combining smaller

molecules, called monomers, into a chain held together by covalent bonds. The process
causes the molecules to bond in a linear, branched or network structure, resulting in polymers.

What is It

The Structure of Polymers

Many common classes of polymers are composed of hydrocarbons, compounds of

carbon and hydrogen. These polymers are specifically made of carbon atoms bonded
together, one to the next, into long chains that are called the backbone of the polymer. Because
of the nature of carbon, one or more other atoms can be attached to each carbon atom in the
backbone. There are polymers that contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms. Polyethylene,
polypropylene, polybutylene, polystyrene and polymethyl pentene are examples of these.
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has chlorine attached to the all-carbon backbone. Teflon has fluorine
attached to the all-carbon backbone. The figure below shows the monomer structures of
different polymers.

Figure 1. Monomer structures of different polymers

https://images.app.goo.gl/ZRXjrDC6P5QNq2X1A

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 1 5

 Other common manufactured polymers have backbones that include elements other
than carbon. Nylons contain nitrogen atoms in the repeat unit backbone. Polyesters and
polycarbonates contain oxygen in the backbone. There are also some polymers that, instead
of having a carbon backbone, have a silicon or phosphorous backbone.

Figure 2. ester linkages

https://images.app.goo.gl/kMr5N1gncUCyHJwe7

Types of Polymers

On the basis of the type of the backbone chain, polymers can be divided into:
• Organic Polymers: Carbon backbone.
• Inorganic Polymers: Backbone constituted by elements other than carbon.

Classifications of polymers according to the way they behave when heated

• A thermoplastic polymer melts when heated and can be reshaped many times.
Manufactured polymers can also be one-dimensional chains that can be melted. Plastic
bottles, films, cups, and fibers are thermoplastic plastics.

• A thermosetting polymer does not melt when heated but keeps its original shape.
Manufactured polymers can be three-dimensional networks that do not melt once formed.
Epoxy resins used in two-part adhesives are thermoset plastics. The thermal properties
of polymers can be explained by whether their structure is linear, branched, or cross-
linked.

Classification of Polymers based on the Structure of the Monomer Chain

• Linear Polymers: The structure of polymers containing long and straight chains fall into
this category. Polyvinyl chloride, PVC, is largely used for making pipes and electric cables
is an example of a linear polymer. The molecules of a linear polymer are free to move.
They slide back and forth against each other easily when heated. Linear polymers
resemble ‘spaghetti’ with long chains. The long chains are typically held together by the
weaker van der Waals or hydrogen bonding. Since these bonding types are relatively
easy to break with heat, linear polymers are typically thermoplastic. Heat breaks the
bonds between the long chains allowing the chains to flow past each other, allowing the
material to be remolded. Upon cooling the bonds between the long chains reform, i.e.,
the polymer hardens.

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 1 6

• Branched-chain Polymers: When linear chains of a polymer form branch, then, such
polymers are categorized as branched chain polymers. For example, Low-density
polythene, LDPE used in making plastic shopping bags. The molecules of a branched
polymer contain side chains that prevent the molecules from sliding across each other
easily. However, branched polymers are still likely to be thermoplastic. Branched
polymers resemble linear polymers with the addition of shorter chains hanging from the
spaghetti backbone. Since these shorter chains can interfere with efficient packing of the
polymers, branched polymers tend to be less dense than similar linear polymers. Since
the short chains do not bridge from one longer backbone to another, heat will typically
break the bonds between the branched polymer chains and allow the polymer to be a
thermoplastic, although there are some very complex branched polymers that resist this
‘melting’ and thus break up (becoming hard in the process) before softening, i.e., they
are thermosetting.
• Cross-linked Polymers: They are composed of bifunctional and trifunctional monomers.
They have a stronger covalent bond in comparison to other linear polymers. Bakelite and
melamine are examples in this category. In cross-linked polymers, adjacent molecules in
the polymer have formed bonds with each other. Individual molecules are not able to
slide past each other when heated. Cross-linked polymers retain their shape when
heated and are thermosetting polymers. Crosslinked polymers resemble ladders. The
chains link from one backbone to another. So, unlike linear polymers which are held
together by weaker van der Waals forces, crosslinked polymers are tied together via
covalent bonding. This much stronger bond makes most crosslinked polymers
thermosetting, with only a few exceptions to the rule: crosslinked polymers that happen
to break their crosslinks at relatively low temperatures. Below are diagrams showing the
four types of polymers.
• Networked polymers are complex polymers that are heavily linked to form a complex
network of three-dimensional linkages. These polymers are nearly impossible to soften
when heating without degrading the underlying polymer structure and are thus
thermosetting polymers.

Figure 3. Diagrams of linear, branched, crosslinked, and networked polymer structures.

Credit: Adapted from Fig. 4.7, Callister & Rethwisch 5e

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 1 7

Classification Based on Polymerization

• Addition Polymerization: Example, poly ethane, Teflon, Polyvinyl chloride (PVC). This
is also called as chain growth polymerization. In this, small monomer units join to form a
giant polymer. In each step, the length of the chain increases. The figure below shows
the polyvinyl chloride structure.

Figure 4. The structure of polyvinyl chloride

https://images.app.goo.gl/2QxRrKCbAN3Vqa6Y7

• Condensation Polymerization: Example, Nylon -6, 6, perylene, polyesters. In this type

small molecules like H2O, CO, NH3 are eliminated during polymerization (step growth
polymerization). Generally, organic compounds containing bifunctional groups such as
idols, -dials, diamines, dicarboxylic acids undergo this type of polymerization reaction.

• Copolymerization: In this process, two different monomers join to form a polymer.

Synthetic rubbers are prepared by this polymerization. Example, BUNA – S

Characteristics of Polymers

The majority of manufactured polymers are thermoplastic, meaning that once the
polymer is formed it can be heated and reformed over and over again. This property allows
for easy processing and facilitates recycling. The other group, the thermosets, cannot be
remelted. Once these polymers are formed, reheating will cause the material to ultimately
degrade, but not melt.

Every polymer has very distinct characteristics, but most polymers have the following
general attributes.

1. Polymers can be very resistant to chemicals. While solvents easily dissolve some
plastics, other plastics provide safe, non-breakable packages for aggressive solvents.

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 1 8

 2. Polymers can be both thermal and electrical insulators. Thermal resistance is
evident in the kitchen with pot and pan handles made of polymers, the coffee pot
handles, the foam core of refrigerators and freezers, insulated cups, coolers, and
microwave cookware.
3. Generally, polymers are very light in weight with significant degrees of strength.
Some polymers float in water while others sink. But, compared to the density of stone,
concrete, steel, copper, or aluminum, all plastics are lightweight materials.
4. Polymers can be processed in various ways. Plastics can be molded into drums or
be mixed with solvents to become adhesives or paints. Elastomers and some plastics
stretch and are very flexible. Some plastics are stretched in processing to hold their
shape, such as soft drink bottles. Other polymers can be foamed like polystyrene
(Styrofoam™), polyurethane and polyethylene.
5. Polymers are materials with a seemingly limitless range of characteristics and
colors. Polymers can be made to mimic cotton, silk, and wool fibers; porcelain and
marble; and aluminum and zinc. Polymers can also make possible products that do not
readily come from the natural world, such as clear sheets and flexible films.
6. Polymers are usually made of petroleum, but not always. Some plastics have
always been made from renewable materials such as cellulose acetate used for
screwdriver handles and gift ribbon. When the building blocks can be made more
economically from renewable materials than from fossil fuels, either old plastics find
new raw materials or new plastics are introduced.
7. Polymers can be used to make items that have no alternatives from other
materials. Polymers can be made into clear, waterproof films. PVC is used to make
medical tubing and blood bags that extend the shelf life of blood and blood products.
PVC safely delivers flammable oxygen in non-burning flexible tubing.

Uses of Polymers

Here we will list some of the important uses of polymers in our everyday life.

• Polypropene finds usage in a broad range of industries such as textiles, packaging,

stationery, plastics, aircraft, construction, rope, toys, etc. It is also known as
polypropylene, is made up of monomer propene.

• Polystyrene is one of the most common plastic, actively used in the packaging
industry. It is an aromatic polymer, naturally transparent, made up of monomer styrene.
Bottles, toys, containers, trays, disposable glasses and plates, tv cabinets and lids are
some of the daily-used products made up of polystyrene. It is also used as an insulator.

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 1 9

• Polyvinyl chloride is a plastic polymer made of monomer vinyl chloride. The most
important use of polyvinyl chloride is the manufacture of sewage pipes. It is also used
as an insulator in the electric cables. Polyvinyl chloride is used in clothing and furniture
and has recently become popular for the construction of doors and windows as well. It
is also used in vinyl flooring.

• The urea-formaldehyde resin is a non-transparent plastic obtained by heating

formaldehyde and urea. Urea-formaldehyde resins are used for making adhesives,
molds, laminated sheets, unbreakable containers, etc.

• Glyptal is made up of monomers ethylene glycol and phthalic acid. It is used for
making paints, coatings, and lacquers.

• Bakelite or polyoxybenzylmethylenglycolanhydride is a plastic which is made up

of monomers phenol and aldehyde. It is used for making electrical switches, kitchen
products, toys, jewelry, firearms, insulators, computer discs, etc.

What I Have Learned

1. Polymers are large molecules made of many small units joined to each other through
organic reactions. The small units are called monomers.
2. Polymerization is the method of creating synthetic polymers by combining smaller
molecules, called monomers, into a chain held together by covalent bonds.
3. A thermoplastic polymer melts when heated and can be reshaped many times.
4. A thermosetting polymer does not melt when heated but keeps its original shape.
5. Linear Polymers are polymers containing long and straight chains fall into this category.
6. When linear chains of a polymer form branches, then, such polymers are categorized
as branched chain polymers.
7. Cross-linked Polymers are composed of bifunctional and trifunctional monomers. They
have a stronger covalent bond in comparison to other linear polymers.
8. Networked polymers are complex polymers that are heavily linked to form a complex
network of three-dimensional linkages. These polymers are nearly impossible to soften
when heating without degrading the underlying polymer structure and are thus
thermosetting polymers.

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 1 10

 9. Addition Polymerization is also called as chain growth polymerization. In this, small
monomer units join to form a giant polymer. In each step, the length of the chain
increases.
10. Condensation Polymerization: In this type small molecules like H2O, CO, NH3 are
eliminated during polymerization (step growth polymerization).
11. Copolymerization: In this process, two different monomers join to form a polymer.

What I Can Do

A. WRITTEN WORKS:
CLAIM-EVIDENCE-REASONING TIC TAC TOE ASSESSMENT BOARD

Directions: Read and understand the article below. Choose 3 questions to answer following
a pattern either vertically, horizontally or diagonally found in the Tic-Tac-Toe board. You have
to start with question no. 5.

Q1. How does polymers Q2. What are the importance Q3. How does polymer
enhance holograms? of polymers in the industrial technology help restore the
aspect? environment?

Q4. What is the technology Q5. What is the role of Q6. How does polymer
behind CFRP? polymers in the new science play an important
millennium? role in the field of medicine?

Q7. What are the different Q8. How will polymer be Q9. What is the technology
industries are the future used as anti-aging material? behind PDMA?
scope of polymer science?

Future Scope of Polymer Science

The main concerns for humans in the future will be energy & resources, food, health,
mobility & infrastructure and communication. There is no doubt that polymers will play a key
role in finding successful ways in handling these challenges. Polymers will be the material of
the new millennium and the production of polymeric parts i.e., green, sustainable, energy-

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 1 11

efficient, high quality, low-priced, etc. will assure the accessibility of the finest solutions round
the globe.

Synthetic polymers have since a long time played a relatively important role in present-
day medicinal practice. Many devices in medicine and even some artificial organs are
constructed with success from synthetic polymers. It is possible that synthetic polymers may
play an important role in future pharmacy, too. Polymer science can be applied to save energy
and improve renewable energy technologies.

Biopolymers could especially increment as more solid adaptations are produced, and
the cost to fabricate these bio-plastics keeps ongoing fall. Bio-plastics can supplant routine
plastics in the field of their applications likewise and can be utilized as a part of various areas,
for example, sustenance bundling, plastic plates, mugs, cutlery, plastic stockpiling packs and
in this way can help in making environment economical.

In areas of applications of plastics materials, a well-known long-standing example is

electrical industries have led to increasing acceptance of plastics for plugs, sockets, wire and
cable insulations and for housing electrical and electronic equipment. The major polymer
targeting industries of the present-day life includes Ceramic industries, in stem cell biology
and Regenerative Medicine, packaging industries, in retorting method used for food
processing industries in automotive industries, in aerospace industries and in electrical and
electronic industries.

Researchers are experimenting with many different types of polymers, aiming to further
medicine development and enhance products we already use. For example, carbon polymers
are being developed and enhanced for the automotive industry.

"Carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites — also called carbon-fiber

laminates — are the next-generation materials for making cars lighter, more fuel efficient and
safer," according to a 2016 Live Science column by Nikhil Gupta, an associate professor, and
Steven Zeltmann, a student researcher, both in the Composite Materials and Mechanics
Laboratory of the Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department at New York University
Tandon School of Engineering. "Carbon laminate is extremely strong and stiff because of its
woven layers of nearly pure carbon fibers bonded together by a hardened plastic, such as
epoxy resin."

Polymers are also being used to enhance holograms. Scientists at the University of
Pennsylvania created a hologram on flexible polymer material called PDMA that was

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 1 12

embedded with gold nanorods, according to a study published online in early 2017 in the
journal Nano Letters. This new hologram device can hold several images instead of just one.

"The question we asked is, 'Can we encode multiple bits of information in a hologram?'"
Ritesh Agarwal, research leader and professor of materials science and engineering at the
University of Pennsylvania, told Live Science. "It's an important piece of work, because it's the
first time someone's shown you can record multiple holographic images, and by just stretching
the polymer, you can basically change the image."

Artificial skin made of a silicone polymer may be the future of anti-aging efforts. In the
form of two creams, the polymer may be able to tighten a person's skin, reduce the
appearance of wrinkles and diminish under-eye bags, according to a study published May
2016 in the journal Nature Materials. Such artificial skin may also be used to help those with
skin conditions, such as eczema, or be used as sun block.

Source: https://polymerchemistry.chemistryconferences.org/events-list/future-scope-of-
polymer-science

Source: https://www.livescience.com/60682-
polymers.html#:~:text=Polymers%20are%20materials%20made%20of,tough%2C%20like%2
0epoxies%20and%20glass.

ANSWER SHEET:

Instructions: You are required to answer the center question no. 5. After answering, select 2
more to form a straight row or column like in a tic tac toe game (e.g., horizontal for Questions
4, 5 and 6; vertical for Questions 2, 5 and 8; or diagonal left for Questions 1, 5 and 9 or
diagonal right for Questions 3, 5 and 7). Whatever straight line you choose, you will be
answering only 3 questions. Write the number of the questions you are answering. Then
proceed to complete the CLAIM-EVIDENCE-REASONING for each question. For evidence,
you have to refer to the article.

QUESTION NO. 5: What is the role of polymers in the new millennium?

CLAIM: My answer to the question is
The role of polymers in the new millennium …

EVIDENCE: The statement in the article that support my answer is…

As stated in paragraph ____ …

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 1 13

 REASONING: The evidence I chose supports my answer because…

QUESTION NO. ___

CLAIM: My answer to the question is

EVIDENCE: The statement in the article that support my answer is…

REASONING: The evidence I chose supports my answer because…

QUESTION NO. ___

CLAIM: My answer to the question is

EVIDENCE: The statement in the article that support my answer is…

REASONING: The evidence I chose supports my answer because…

B. PERFORMANCE TASK

Directions: Read and understand the information given below, make a creative output in the
form of a powerpoint presentation.

PERFORMANCE STANDARD: explain the properties of some polymers in terms of their

structure and state their importance in daily life

SITUATION: An International Science Convention is being held and all of the new
discoveries and inventions in the country will be featured.

GOAL: Your goal is to feature a newly discovered polymer and state its name, describe its
structure, type, importance and uses.

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 1 14

 ROLE: You are a scientist

PRODUCT: powerpoint presentation

AUDIENCE: science enthusiast, invited guests and prominent people in the field

STANDARDS: Your work will be judged by the following standards: content,

presentation/graphics, grammar and mechanics, completeness and originality.

Rubric in Making a Powerpoint Presentation

OUTSTANDING SATISFACTORY DEVELOPING BEGINNING RATING

Criteria 4 3 2 1
Content Content is Content is Missing some Many slides
correct and correct and all slides or are missing
accurate and all required relevant and slides
required information is information. do not
information is presented in a contain
Topic is
presented in a logical order. relevant
slightly
logical order. information.
Topic is discussed but
Topic is clearly discussed more material Topic is
discussed, clearly. is needed. addressed
elaborated and but not
in an organized discussed
manner. properly.
Presentation/ Slides are Text is easy to Slides are The slides
attractive. Text read. Graphics easy to read. are not easy
Graphics
is easy to read. and effects are Amount of text to read.
Graphics and used throughout is too great for Amount of
effects are used to enhance the amount of text is too
throughout to presentation. space great for the
enhance provided. Less amount of
Smooth
presentation. graphics and space
transitions are
effects are provided. No
Transitions are used.
used in the graphics and
smooth.
presentation. effects are
used in the
Smooth
presentation.
transitions are
used in some
of the slides
Grammar and The The presentation There are less There are
Mechanics presentation is is presented with than 5 many
well-presented no grammatical grammatical grammatical
with no errors. errors on the errors found
grammatical presentation. in the
errors. presentation

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 1 15

 Capitalization
and punctuation
are correct
throughout.
Completeness The information All information Some of the Most of the
required are required are required required
complete and complete information information
additional are missing. are lacking.
important
information
were added.
Originality The layout and Evidence of The contents The layout
content are originality is are original and the
originally observed. but the layout content are
created and is not original. not original
perfectly
crafted.

Assessment

Directions: Read the question/statement carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on
a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following is the best definition of a polymer?

A. a very long molecule
B. a very long molecule with no pattern to its structure
C. a giant lattice of carbon atoms in a repeating pattern
D. a very long covalent molecule constructed from a repeating unit

2. The small units of polymer are called ________.

A. homomers C. atoms
B. monomers D. polyatomic ions

3. What is the method of creating synthetic polymers by combining smaller molecules, into a
chain held together by covalent bonds?
A. addition C. melting
B. synthesis D. polymerization

4. Which of the following is NOT an organic polymer?

A. polybutylene C. polyethylene
B. polysulfides D. polystyrene

5. They are polymers containing long and straight chains.

A. linear C. cross-linked
B. branched chain D. network

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 1 16

6. Which of the following is NOT an example of a thermoplastic polymer?
A. PVC C. teflon
B. nylon D. polyurethane

7. Which type of polymer melts when heated and can be reshaped many times?
A. thermoplastic C. linear
B. thermosetting D. both A and B

8. In this type small molecules like H2O, CO, NH3 are eliminated during polymerization.
A. addition C. substitution
B. condensation D. copolymerization

9. Which of the following is a cross-linked polymer?

A. bakelite C. LDPE
B. melamine D. both A and B

10. Which of the following is the monomer of bakelite?

A. propene C. phenol and aldehyde
B. styrene D. formaldehyde and urea

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 1 17

 10. A
9. D
6. Styrene-butadiene rubber
8. A
5. Polyvinyl chloride
7. B
4. Polyvinyl acetate
6. C
3. Cross-linked Polyethylene
5. B
2. Low Density Polyethylene
4. A
1. High Density Polyethylene
3. D
What’s In
2. B
1. D
What I Know

References
Davis, Raymond E., et.al, Modern Chemistry. Austin, Texas: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
2002.
Bayquen, Aristea V., et.al, Exploring Life Through Science Series Senior High School General
Chemistry 2. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc. 2016.
Barrameda, Ma. Corazon, et.al, Teaching Guide for Senior High School General Chemistry 2.
Quezon City: EC-TEC Commercial. 2016.
Ilao, Luciana V., et.al, General Chemistry 2. Manila: Rex Book Store. 2017
Petrucci, Harwood, Herring, and Madura. General Chemistry: Principles and Modern
Applications. 9th ed. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, 2007.

Online References
https://images.app.goo.gl/QtbqVEhzRo4kb3Ad6

https://plastics.americanchemistry.com/plastics/The-Basics/

https://www.e-education.psu.edu/matse81/node/2210

https://www.education.psu.edu/matse81/node/2208#:~:text=Polymers%20are%20formed%2
0by%20two,reacts%20with%20a%20starting%20monomer.&text=In%20condensation%
20polymerization%2C%20a%20monomer,(oxygen%2Dhydrogen)%20atoms.

https://www.livescience.com/60682-
polymers.html#:~:text=Polymers%20are%20materials%20made%20of,tough%2C%20li
ke%20epoxies%20and%20glass.

https://byjus.com/jee/polymers/

https://www.rcampus.com/rubricshowc.cfm?code=DX742WA&sp=yes&

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 1 18

 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Laoag City

Curriculum Implementation Division
Brgy. 23 San Matias, Laoag City, 2900
Contact Number: (077)-771-3678
Email Address: laoag.city@deped.gov.ph

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module General Chemistry 1 19