St.

Louis College of Bulanao

Purok 6, Bulanao, Tabuk City, Kalinga 3800

TITLE/TOPIC
TECHNICAL ENGLISH
I
LESSON V
POLICE BLOTTER AND POLICE REPORT WRITING

I. INTRODUCTION

Writing is one of the most indispensable skills that a learner should develop to be able to express his or
her ideas effectively. It is a Skill that every student should master for efficient expression of ideas
Similarly, this skill is needed in all types of professions and jobs especially because communication is a
vital component of any endeavour.

Proficiency in writing is required not only of civilians but also of uniformed personnel such as police
officers who are considered the premier law enforcers in the country. They write police reports during
their day-to-day activity. it is imperative then that they master writing to come up with an effective
police report considered the life blood of police work.

Police report writing is a regular part of an officer's job. Complete, factual, accurate, and detailed
reports can speed up an investigation while incomplete opinionated, inaccurate, distorted, or
misleading reports can impede it or even get it dismissed in the court on the basis of a technicality,
regardless of the facts. Police reports can make the difference between conviction and acquittal. Just
like any other skill in police work, writing effective police reports is a skill that must be learned and
practiced.

During the Test Construction and Development Seminar held at the Institute Training Group. Police
National Training Institute, Camp Gen. Vicente P. Lim, Calamba City on November 7, 2013, the Vice
President for Academics, PSUPT AMADOR B. NAVARROZA (Ret), MAED of the Philippine Public Safety
College revealed that police report writing in the PNP is problematic. Police officers write
ungrammatical, incorrect, incomplete, inaccurate, and distorted police reports. To be able to address
this concern in the PNP and other public safety agencies and to become instrumental in improving the
writing proficiency of police officers and public safety officers in the country, a study was conducted by
the author in March 2015 at the Institute Training Group entitled "Process Writing and Writing
Performance of Police Trainees in a Large Class Setting" Hence, this Police Report Writing (A Handbook
for Police Officers, Trainees, and Public Safety Students) was conceptualized based on the results of the
said study.

Since not all police officers and trainees who are accepted in the PNP are criminology graduates and
because even criminology graduates lack writing proficiency it is imperative that they are provided
training on how to write effective police reports. Language professors of the Philippine Public Safety
College (PPSC) including higher education institutions (HEls) should take this as a challenge. However,
for them to be successful in helping police officers and trainees become effective police report writers,
these language teachers should cho0se an effective writing strategy that will cover the major steps in
writing and provide learners with ample opportunities to write the various types of police reports. It is
also important to enrich their writing repertoire by providing them comprehensive lectures on what
police report writing is, its different types, elements, characteristics, and uses, among others and
provide them with different types of actual police report writing activities to harness their writing skills
to the fullest

EZRA RIZLE L. GRAMAJE

EZRA RIZLE L. GRAMAJE
II. LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:

 Explain what is Police blotter and its contents
 Explain the content of the police blotter involving children and women
III. COURSE CONTENT
LESSON 5.1
THE 5 W’S AND 1 H OF POLICE REPORT
WHO
These questions include the complete and correct name of all those who were involved in the incident
such as the victim/s, suspect/s, witness/es and whosoever may be listed as present during the incident,
or may not be present, but have Knowledge about the said incident. The wrong name results in failure
to locate a witness or apprehend a suspect. The spelling should be correct including the middle name,
exact home address/es whether residence or hotel, telephone number, cellular phone number, and
other contact details (Soriano,2005).

1. Who was the victim?

2. Who was the complainant?
3. Who discovered the crime?
4. Who saw or heard anything of importance?
5. Who had a motive for committing the crime?
6. Who committed the crime?
7. Who helped in the commission of the crime?
8. Who had access to the means for committing the crime?
9. Who worked on the case?
10.who had access to the crime scene?
11.Who searched for, identified, and gathered the
evidence? 12.To whom did they turn over the evidence?
13. With whom did the victim associate?
14. With whom did the suspect
associate? 15.With whom was the victim
last seen?
16. With whom the witness/es associate 7
17.With whom did the suspect commit the
crime?

WHAT
These questions are directed to the crime being committed. Police reports sometime indicate the crime
committed based on the Revised Penal Code (RPC) like Murder, Homicide, or Rape, among others. In
initial reports such as Spot Report, which does not require a thorough investigation yet, this is not
essential.

A report of a "Shooting Incident may be sufficient. It is the duty of the Investigator-on-Case to determine
what crime was committed. What is more important is to present the detailed facts and circumstances
of what happened (PNP SOP No. 2012-001; Soriano, 2005).

1. What type of property was attacked, e,g. building, residence, car, etc?
2. What type of property was stolen, lost, or found? What items related to the crime were found at
the crime Scene? An accurate description of all such property should be entered in the report.
3. What felony/offense/infraction was committed, e.g. murder, homicide, rape physical injuries,
robbery, theft, or violation of special laws such as RA 7610, RA 9262, etc.?
4, What type of evidence was found or recovered?
5. What was the crime committed?
6. what are the elements or the crime?
7.What actions were performed by the suspect/s before and after the crime?
EZRA RIZLE L. GRAMAJE
8. What actually happened?

EZRA RIZLE L. GRAMAJE

9. What do the witness/es say and Know?
10. What evidence was obtained?
11.what was done with the
evidence?
12. What tools/weapons were used in the commission of the crime?
13. What did the officers take?
14. What further action should be taken?
15. What knowledge, skill, or strength was needed to commit the
crime? 16.What other agencies were or need to be notified?
17. What type of transportation was used
18. What was the motive or suspected motive for the crime?
19. What other crime/s could be associated with this one?

WHERE
These questions are concerned with the geographical location of the crime Scene, property. or evidence.
Describe in detail where the incident exactly happened, e.g. "In the master's bedroom of a twO-storey
brick house located at 69 Rizal Street, Villa de Calamba, Brgy. Halang. Calamba City, Laguna" (PNP SOP
No. 2012-001; Soriano, 2005).

1. Where was the crime committed?

2. Where was the crime discovered?
3. Where was the entry made?
4. Where was the exit made?
5. Where were the tools that were used in the crime obtained?
6. Where was the Victim found?
7. Where was the suspect seen during the crime?
8. Where was the victim last seen?
9. Where was the suspect last seen?
10.Where were the witnesses during the crime?
11.Where did the suspect live and where does he live
now? 12.Where is the suspect now?
13.Where is the suspect likely to go?
14.Where was the evidence marked?
15.Where was the evidence found'?
16.Where was the evidence stored?

WHEN
These questions include the date and time when the felony/offense/infraction was committed, property
found, suspect apprehended, etc. (Soriano, 2005)

1. When was the crime committed?

2. When was it discovered?
3. When did they report the crime?
4. When did the officers and investigators arrive at the crime scene?
5. When was the victim last seen?
6. When was the arrest made?
7. When will a complaint be signed?
8. When did the witness hear anything unusual?
9. When did they contact the witness/es

WHY
These questions provide the object or desire which motivated the commission of the crime. In crimes
against persons, the usual object includes revenge, ransom and sexual pleasure, among others. In crimes
against property, the reason may be to acquire money and property (Soriano, 2005).

EZRA RIZLE L. GRAMAJE

 1. Why was the crime committed?
2. Why were certain tools/weapons used?
3. Why was the crime reported?
4. Why was the crime reported late?
5. Why were the witnesses reluctant to give information?
6. Why is the suspect lying?

7. Why did the perpetrators prefer that time and day to commit the crime?

HOW

These questions pertain to the manner in which the crime was committed. The narrative on how the
incident happened shall be indicated to show the description of the chronology of events that led to the
incident and all the circumstances thereafter. The actions taken during the initial investigation at the
scene shall also be included. This shall include the weather, lighting. sounds, activities in the vicinity of
the incident, a description of the circumstances prevailing before, during, and after the incident and all
other peculiar details that come to the senses of the trained police responder, There is no limit to what
to include in the "How portion of the narrative (PNP SOP No. 2012-001; Soriano, 2005).

1. How was the crime committed?

2. How did the suspects get to the scene?
3. How did the suspect/s leave the scene?
4. How did the perpetrator obtain the information necessary to commit the crime?
5. How was the crime discovered?
6. How were the tools/weapons for the crime obtained?
7. How were the tools/weapons used?
8. How was the crime reported?
9. How much damage was done?
10.How much property or money was taken?
11.How much known information is being
withheld?

LESSON 5.2
CRIME INCIDENT REPORTING SYSTEM (CIRS)
Each operating unit shall also maintain and utilize the PNP Crime Incident
reporting System (CIRS), an electronic reporting system that facilitates Crime
documentation, modernizes data storage, and provides quick and reliable
information from lower units and NOSUs of the PNP to the National headquarters
at Camp Crame, Quezon City. This is also known as electronic blotter or popularly
known as "e-blotter (PNP Police Operational Proceduro5 2010)
A. ASSESSMENT
(Answer eligibly clearly and concisely on a whole sheet of pad paper pass it on TO BE
ANNOUNCE at the CCJE office or contact me in my messenger account @ EZRA RIZLE
GRAMAJE for any questions.)

 From the given examples of a police blotter identify the 5 W’s and 1 H.
 Make five examples of a police blotter and identify the 5W’s and 1 H.

B. REFERENCES
 ERIC P. PALIGAT “POLICE REPORT WRITING” FPR publishing 2015
 MERCEDES A. FARONDA “Technical English 1” Wiseman’s books trading Inc. 2021

EZRA RIZLE L. GRAMAJE

 St. Louis College of Bulanao
Purok 6, Bulanao, Tabuk City, Kalinga 3800

This module is a requirement of the St. Louis College of Bulanao in response to the
implementation of the Blended Learning way of Instruction.

This Learning Material is a property of the College of Criminal Justice Education – St.
Louis College of Bulanao, Tabuk City. It aims to improve students’ performance specifically in
the Criminology Education.

Date of Development : January, 2021

Resource Location : Bulanao, Tabuk City
Learning Area : CDI 13 (TECHNICAL ENGLISH 1)
Learning Resource Type : Module 5

General Instruction/s:

The module introduces what is criminal investigation, the three tools of criminal investigation, the
four method of investigation, sketching the crime scene and crime reconstruction. Series of
activities will encourage you to explore and learn about the topic. Through this module, the
following instruction/s should be followed.

1. This module is exclusively for SLCB students only.

2. Reproduction and use of this module for any purpose is strictly prohibited, unless with
the written permission from SLCB.
3. You may use this module for any acceptable purposes.

St. Louis College of Bulanao

Purok 6, Bulanao, Tabuk City, Kalinga 3800

TITLE/
TOPIC
TECHNICAL
ENGLISH I
LESSON VI
POLICE BLOTTER AND POLICE
REPORT WRITING
I. INTRODUCTION

Writing is one of the most indispensable skills that a learner should develop to be able to express his or
her ideas effectively. It is a Skill that every student should master for efficient expression of ideas
Similarly, this skill is needed in all types of professions and jobs especially because communication is a
vital component of any endeavour.

EZRA RIZLE L. GRAMAJE

Proficiency in writing is required not only of civilians but also of uniformed personnel such as police
officers who are considered the premier law enforcers in the country. They write police reports during
their day-to-day activity. it is imperative then that they master writing to come up with an effective
police report considered the life blood of police work.

Police report writing is a regular part of an officer's job. Complete, factual, accurate, and detailed
reports can speed up an investigation while incomplete opinionated, inaccurate, distorted, or
misleading reports can impede it or even get it dismissed in the court on the basis of a technicality,
regardless of the facts. Police reports can make the difference between conviction and acquittal. Just
like any other skill in police work, writing effective police reports is a skill that must be learned and
practiced.

During the Test Construction and Development Seminar held at the Institute Training Group. Police
National Training Institute, Camp Gen. Vicente P. Lim, Calamba City on November 7, 2013, the Vice
President for Academics, PSUPT AMADOR B. NAVARROZA (Ret), MAED of the Philippine Public Safety
College revealed that police report writing in the PNP is problematic. Police officers write
ungrammatical, incorrect, incomplete, inaccurate, and distorted police reports. To be able to address
this concern in the PNP and other public safety agencies and to become instrumental in improving the
writing proficiency of police officers and public safety officers in the country, a study was conducted by
the author in March 2015 at the Institute Training Group entitled "Process Writing and Writing
Performance of Police Trainees in a Large Class Setting" Hence, this Police Report Writing (A Handbook
for Police Officers, Trainees, and Public Safety Students) was conceptualized based on the results of the
said study.

Since not all police officers and trainees who are accepted in the PNP are criminology graduates and
because even criminology graduates lack writing proficiency it is imperative that they are provided
training on how to write effective police reports. Language professors of the Philippine Public Safety
College (PPSC) including higher education institutions (HEls) should take this as a challenge. However,
for them to be successful in helping police officers and trainees become effective police report writers,
these language teachers should cho0se an effective writing strategy that will cover the major steps in
writing and provide learners with ample opportunities to write the various types of police reports. It is
also important to enrich their writing repertoire by providing them comprehensive lectures on what
police report writing is, its different types, elements, characteristics, and uses, among others and
provide them with different types of actual police report writing activities to harness their writing skills
to the fullest

EZRA RIZLE L. GRAMAJE

II. LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:

 Explain what is Police blotter and its contents
 Explain the content, purpose and its important of the police blotter
 Explain what is police report ant its contents
III. COURSE CONTENT
LESSON 6
HOW DO YOU DEFINE POLICE REPORT?
1. Police Report is any written matter prepared by the Police involving their inter action with
the community.
2. Police Report is an exact narration of facts discovered during the course of crime
investigation which serves as a permanent written record for future reference.
3. Police Report is a permanent written record of police activities classified as informal and
formal which communicates important facts concerning people involved in criminal activities.
4. Require students to go to the Police in their area of responsibility and request for a
photocopy of police report. Each student must have a copy and submit individually those
reports. Some will be reported in front of the class and the teacher will discuss it lengthly
WHAT ARE THE PURPOSES OF POLICE REPORTS?
1. Written report to serve as the raw materials from which records system are made.
2. Written report to reveal as part of the component of the record system,the direct
relationship between the efficiency of the department and the quality of its reports and
reporting procedures.
3. Written report to guide police administrators for policy formulation and decision making.
4. Written report to serve as a gauge/yardstick for efficiency evaluation of police officers.
5. Written report to guide prosecutors and courts in the trial of criminal cases investigated by
the police.

WHAT IS A POLICE REPORT?

According to Dr. Oscar Soriano, report is basically a story of actions performed by man. A police report is
a chronological or step-by-step account of an accident that transpired in a given time, at a given place. It
is also defined as an account of an investigation, of an official statement of facts. Police reports result
from the fact that someone has asked for them and needs them for immediate or future use. In any
event, police reporting has become one of the most significant processes in modern police operations.

WHAT ARE THE IMPORTANT USES OF REPORT WRITING?

1. Reports serve as records for police administration in planning, directing, and organizing
the unit's duties.
2. Reports can be used as legal documents in the prosecution of criminals.
3. Reports are utilized by other agencies.
4. Reports can be useful to tri-media for public information purposes.

EZRA RIZLE L. GRAMAJE

 5. Reports can be utilized for research purposes.
6. Reports improve the personality of the writer.

WHAT ARE THE CRITERIA TO BE CONSIDERED IN REPORT WRITING?

The Language
1. Clarity
2. Accuracy
3. Brevity
4. Specificity
5. Completeness
6. Timeliness
7. Security
8. Impartiality
According to the book of Dr. Oscar Soriano, One of the most basic considerations of report writing is
the language used. Direct-to-the-point words are essential to good police report writing. Use of specific
words also contributes to factual police reports. Every complete sentence must have at least one
subject and one predicate. Diction refers to the manner and style of expression in words.

It is almost always necessary to use a paragraph in any narrative report. A paragraph is simply a
warning to the reader that a change in thought is about to occur, or that a new subject to be explored.
The report should be complete, easily understood, brief and accurate.

1. Clarity - The police report must be clear and it should be written directly and easy to understand.

2.Accuracy- The police report must conform with the established rules of syntax, format, spelling
and grammar. The data presented must be precise and the information given must be factual.

3. Brevity- The police report must be short, with simple sentences, common words and easy
to understand.

4.Specificity- The police report must be specific by using concrete examples. A good descriptive
narration gives life to the written words through particular terms that project hues,
movements, quantities and shapes.

5. Completeness -The police report must be complete by using the 5W's and 1H.
6. Timeliness- The police report must be submitted on time.As much as possible immediately
after the incident has happened.
7. Security - The police report must be considered classified, hence, transmission, handling, and
access to these reports should be limited only to police personnel who are granted by higher
authority security clearance. It is a top secret document.
8. Impartiality - The police report must know what the receiving office needs to know.
Important data must not be omitted or added to conceal responsibilities, to impute liabilities or
to favor parties.

EZRA RIZLE L. GRAMAJE

WHAT IS NEEDED IN PREPARING AND WRITING A REPORT?
The police writer will make an outline from the facts of the case and follow a chronological
sequence. After an outline has been identified they will make sure that their notes will be organized
and reviewed first for completeness prior to the actual writing of the report. The outline should
answer the 5Ws and 1H the facts presented in Report Writing should prove the importance of police
report. The real answer lies in the quality of the result of accomplishment and basic principles. The
police reports are from simple, brief memorandum to a complex. Formal investigation requires the
application of basic standards such as clear, pertinent, brief, complete, current, accurate, fair,
properly classified, informative, and objective. It should be submitted in proper format and should
be on time.

WHAT ARE THE TWO (2) TYPES OF POLICE REPORT?

(Allen Z. Gammage, Basic Police Report Writing,Sacramento, California, UISA)

1. An informal report usually is a letter or memorandum or any one of many prescribed or

used in day-by-day police operations. It customarily carries three items besides the text
proper; date submitted, subject, and persons or person to whom submitted. It may,
however, contain many items of administrative importance along with the subject matter of
the text. Actually, most police reports may be placed in this category.
2. A formal report suggests a full-dress treatment, including cover, title page, letter of
transmittal, summary sheet, text, appendixes, and perhaps an index and bibliography.
WHAT ARE THE CLASSIFICATIONS OF POLICE REPORT?
a. Performance report which contains information as to the status of an activity, activities,
or operations.
b. Fact-finding report which involves the gathering and presentation of data in logical order,
without an attempt to draw conclusions.
c. Technical report which presents data on a specialized subject.
d. Problem-determining report which attempts to find the causes underlying a problem or
to find whether or not a problem really exists.

c. Problem solution report which analyzes the thought process that lies behind the solution
of a particular problem.
HOW ARE POLICE REPORTS CATEGORIZED?
a. Operational Reports include those relating to the reporting of police incidents,
investigation, arrests, identification of persons, and a mass of miscellaneous reports
necessary to the conduct of routine police operations.
b. Internal Business Reports relate to the reporting necessary to the management of the
agency and include financial reports, personnel reports, purchase reports, equipment
reports, property maintenance reports, and general correspondence.
c. Technical Reports presents data on any specialized subject, but usually relate to
completed staff work and add to the specific knowledge necessary to proper functioning of
police management.
d. Summary Reports furnish intelligence information necessary to the solution of crime
accident, and police administrative problems...

EZRA RIZLE L. GRAMAJE

 Finally, Dr. Gammage, in concluding his classification on the types of police reports emphasized that
his book-Basic Police Report Writing, is directed and centered only on the category of operational
reports; that these reports are the raw materials from which administrative reports are derived-
that in directing efforts toward improving these reports, he believes that the whole of the reporting
process can be improved.

ANATOMY OF CRIME as explained by Commissioner Dir.Gen.Miguel Coronel. WHAT

ARE THE ELEMENTS FOR A CRIME TO HAPPEN?
"For any crime to happen, there are three (3) elements or ingredients that must be present at the
same time and place. These are the MOTIVES, the INSTRUMENTALITIES and the OPPORTUNITIES.
The motives are the reasons or causes why a person or groups of persons perpetuate a crime.
Examples are disputes, economic gain, jealousy, revenge, insanity, and thrill. Intoxication, drug
addiction and many others.

The Instrumentalities are the means or instruments used in the commission of the crime. It could be
firearm, a bolo, a fan knife, an icepick, poison or obnoxious substance, a crow bar, a battery-
operated hand drill for carnapping, motor vehicle, etc. Both the Motives and instrumentalities
belong to and are harbored and wielded respectively by the criminal.

The opportunities consist of the acts of omission and/or commission by a person (the victim) which
enable another person or group of persons (the criminal/s) to perpetrate the crime .Illustrative
examples include leaving one's home or car unattended for a long time, walking all alone in a well-
known crime prone alley, wearing expensive jewelries in slum area, readily admitting a stranger into
one's residence and the like. Opportunity is synonymous with carelessness, acts of indiscretion and
lack of crime prevention- consciousness on the part of the victim.

Whether the crime incident would happen or not, it will depend on the presence and merging of
MOTIVES, INSTRUMENTALITIES and OPPORTUNITIES at the same time and the same place. The
absence of any one ingredient, out of the three, will mean that there shall be no crime. The most
that could happen is an accident arising out of reckless imprudence; since there is no motive. A
freak crime incident shall occur when all the three elements are present and merged at the same
time and the same place; but the victim is not the intended one, due to mistaken identity.”

WHAT ARE NOTEBOOKS AND JOURNAL ENTRIES FOR?

The notebook is one of the basic piece equipment which a number of policemen now a days fail
to appreciate and utilize. The notebook shall be playing a significant role as all subsequent actions
expected of the Police Community Precincts Commander (and even personnel from higher
headquarters) will depend on matters recorded in the notebook which eventually will have to be
reflected in the PBS journal.

Journals exclusively for the PBS shall be maintained at each Police Community Precincts. While
recording matters in the journal shall be the individual responsibility of every Beat Policeman, taking
action and reporting matters reflected therein shall be the duty of the Police Community Precincts
Commander.

Entries in both the notebook and the journal shall answer the basic questions of WHAT,
WHO,WHEN,WHERE,WHY and HOW of an incident or problem encountered by a Beat Policeman
particularly those problems to be discussed as you get along with the problems you encountered.

EZRA RIZLE L. GRAMAJE

WHAT IS POLICE REPORT WRITING FORM?
Every agency has its own forms and procedures for completing operational reports. But there is a
standard format on how to prepare a report that is simple yet complete.

We have what do you call a basic or informal report that deals with the ordinary miscellaneous, day
to day memorandum, letter, or form accomplished by any member of the unit, section,
precinct/station or department in accordance with the prescribe general orders, special order,
circulars, numbered memoranda.
WHAT ARE THE CONTENTS OF THE BASIC OR INFORMAL REPORT?
a. The heading or the letter head of the organization
b. The date of preparation or submission.
c. The person or office to which it is addressed or submitted
d. The name of the writer or source of the report.
There are some exceptions to the rule such as but not limited to: reports of investigation on
administrative complaints and minor cases involving violation of city/municipal ordinances, basic or
informal reports are generally internal in nature. It seldom goes out of the department. What is a
report? it is a permanent written record which communicates all important facts of the case to be
used in the future.

wrote; Capt.Henry M. Wrobleski, Book for the Record: Report Writing in law Enforcement

HOW ARE THE LAW ENFORCEMENT REPORTS CLASSIFIED?

1. Administrative Reports

2. Operational Reports
Administrative reports deal with the routine functioning of the department or agency. Such reports
may cover proper uniform, reporting procedures, and grievances. This book is primarily concerned
with the second type of report, operational reports, which deal with the activities of the law
enforcement officers.
WHAT IS THE CONCEPT OF POLICE REPORT?
1. The common thinking about police report is any written matter prepared by the police
involving their interaction with the community.
2. A police report is an exact narration of facts discovered during the course of crime
investigation which serves as a permanent written record for future reference.
3. It is a permanent written record of police activities classified as informal and formal
which communicates important facts concerning people involved in criminal activities.
WHAT ARE THE FOUR (4)TYPES OF OPERATIONAL REPORTS?
1) Patrol Service Reports
2) Arrest Reports
3) Preliminary Investigation Reports
4) Supplemental Progress Reports/Follow-up Reports

EZRA RIZLE L. GRAMAJE

 Now that we already understand the different types, and classification of reports, we will now
proceed to criminal investigation. Any person who understands police report writing cannot proceed
in writing a police report until after he had undergone criminal investigation training/ seminars and
he should be a member of the Philippine National Police.

AS INVESTIGATOR YOU SHOULD REMEMBER AND MEMORIZE THE

MIRANDA WARNING
1. YOU HAVE THE RIGHT TO REMAIN SILENT. Anything you say can be used against you in
court.
a. Do you understand and invoke your right to remain silent? Yes No
b. Understanding that right, do you wish to talk to me now? Yes No
2. YOU HAVE THE RIGHT TO AN ATTORNEY of your own choice and have him present
before and during questioning. if you cannot afford, one will be appointed free of charge to
represent you if you desire.
a. Do you understand, you have the right to an attorney of your own choice? Yes_ No
b. Understanding that right, do you wish to talk to me now? Yes No
(Name/signature of person under investigation)

Witnesses:

1. 2.

CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION REPORT WRITING

PURPOSES OF CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION REPORT
(as presented by Basilio G. Cael & Juan Agas in their book A Guide to Criminal Investigation)

Criminal investigation reports provide facts to competent authorities and serve as a record of
investigative activity; Criminal Investigation units are essentially responsible for collecting facts and
preparing written reports. Factual information are collected and reported on time to allow
immediate appropriate action.

WHAT ARE THE BASIC PURPOSES OF CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION

REPORTS?
a. To preserve knowledge/information about a case.
b. To provide accurate details about the case.
c. To aid other investigation and other agencies concerned. .
d. To coordinate investigation activities within the organization.
e. To serve as reference by competent authorities.
STYLE
All reports are written in such a manner that it clearly presents only the relevant facts. The
presentation of these facts must not be distorted or confused by the writer's manner of expression.
Clarity, accuracy and brevity are emphasized based on facts.

EZRA RIZLE L. GRAMAJE

 CRITERIA

EZRA RIZLE L. GRAMAJE

 Reports being permanent records of investigative efforts are subject to close scrutiny at all levels of
the police organization including other concerned agencies of the government. Reports must meet
certain standards or criteria, some of which are as follows:

a. Reports must not contain vague or unclear terms.

b. Reports must be original and correct in both composition and grammar.
c. Abbreviation must be used appropriately and correctly.
d. The use of slang, colloquialisms or unnecessary technical terms should be avoided.
e. Reports must not contain any erasures, or alterations.
f. If any correction is to be made, then it must be corrected by changing the entire page to
contain what is correct.
g. All duplicate copies of reports must be legible, clearly readable.
h. When necessary, duplicate copies of reports must be officially authenticated.
i. Contents of reports must be factual and devoid of bias or prejudice on the part of those
making the report.
WHAT ARE THE CARDINAL PRINCIPLES OF GOOD REPORT WRITING?
A. ACCURACY- The writer or investigator must conform to the truth.
B. COMPLETENESS- This requires the inclusion of all relevant pertinent and
material information.
C. BREVITY- Eliminate all irrelevant, unessential and unnecessary materials.it includes
the ability to make the report unified, coherent and emphatic.
d. FAIRNESS- The investigator should take the facts as he finds them and if ever he has theories, it
must be consistent with these facts.

e. FORM and STYLE- The arrangement of the materials presented should be in a manner that will
make the report easy to read. Form includes proper paragraphing, proper underscoring, proper
capitulation and proper heading. The report should be written in the third person, the investigator
referring to himself as 'This investigator'.

WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF REPORTS TO BE PREPARED?

INITIAL or PRELIMINARY REPORT- This is done as soon as complaint is received. Reporting process
begins when officer completes preliminary investigation report referred to as case report.

THE PRELIMINARY REPORT CONTAINS THE FOLLOWING:

1. The offense
2. Current date/time
3. Date and time of offense if known
4. Identification date pertaining to victim or other reporting party
5. Location of offense
6. Method of operation

EZRA RIZLE L. GRAMAJE

 7. Identification data pertaining to suspect(s)
8. Identification of officer(s)

A. REFERENCES
 By CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT MERCEDES A. FORONDA, (Ret) DPA, PhD. “Technical English
1” Wiseman’s books trading Inc. 2021

EZRA RIZLE L. GRAMAJE

 St. Louis College of Bulanao
Purok 6, Bulanao, Tabuk City, Kalinga 3800

This module is a requirement of the St. Louis College of Bulanao in response to the
implementation of the Blended Learning way of Instruction.

This Learning Material is a property of the College of Criminal Justice Education – St. Louis
College of Bulanao, Tabuk City. It aims to improve students’ performance specifically in the Criminology
Education.

Date of Development : January, 2021

Resource Location : Bulanao, Tabuk City
Learning Area : CDI 13 TECHNICAL ENGLISH 1
Learning Resource Type : Module6

General Instruction/s:
The module introduces what is criminal investigation, the three tools of criminal investigation, the four
method of investigation, sketching the crime scene and crime reconstruction. Series of activities will
encourage you to explore and learn about the topic. Through this module, the following instruction/s
should be followed.

1. This module is exclusively for SLCB students only.

2. Reproduction and use of this module for any purpose is strictly prohibited, unless with
the written permission from SLCB.
3. You may use this module for any acceptable purposes.

EZRA RIZLE L. GRAMAJE

EZRA RIZLE L. GRAMAJE