GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC, NANDED.

MICRO PROJECT

Academic year: 2021-22

TITLE OF THE PROJECT

Detail report on humidity measuring devices.

Program: Mechanical Engineering. Program code:-ME4I(R) Course: Mechanical

Engineering Measurement. Course code: 22443

Name of Guide: - Mr. V.M. RATHOD.

1
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD

OF TECHNI EDUCATION

Certificate

This is to certify that Prashant Bendre, Shrikar Medewar, Pavan Aundhe, Ganesh
Bhayekar, Rutuj Kurtadikar. With Roll No. 1048, 1049, 1050, 1051, 1052. Respectively of 4th
Semester of Diploma in Mechanical Engineering of Institute, GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC has completed
the Micro Project satisfactorily in subject – MEM (22443) for the academic year 2021-2022 as prescribed in
the curriculum.

Place: Nanded Enrollment No.:-2000200185 Date: 2000200186 2000200193

2000200194

2000200260

Subject Teacher Head of the Department Principal Mr. V.M. Rathod R.M. Sakalkale Dr.
G.V.Garje

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Government Polytechnic, Nanded
Mechanical Engineering
DepartmentAcademic Year
 2021-22
PLAN-A
Micro Project Proposal

Title of Micro-project:

Detail report on humidity measuring devices.

1. BriefIntroduction:-
Humidity is the concentration of water vaporss present in the air. Water vapors, the gaseous state of
water, is generally invisible to the human eye. Humidity indicates the likelihood for precipitation, dew, or fog
to be present. Humidity depends on the temperature and pressure of the system of interest.

2. Aim of the Micro Project:-

To study of Humidity and their measuring devices how to work this devices.

3. Action Plan:-
Sr. Details of Activity Planned start Planned finish Name of
No. date date responsible team
member

1. Visit the teacher

for kind
information

2. Searched All Group Members

information related
topic

3. Prepare the Micro All Group Members

Project

4. Visit for showing All Group Members

the Information to
subject teacher for
correction.

5. Submission All Group Members.

3
4. Resources Used:-
Sr. No. Resources/Materials Qty.
Used

1. Book 1

2. Internet 1
 3. Mobile 1

5. Reference :-

www.wikipedia.com
www.google.co.in

4
Government Polytechnic, Nanded
Mechanical Engineering
DepartmentAcademic Year
2021-22

Micro Project Evaluation Sheet

Name of Course and Code: MEM (22443)

Name of Student: - Prashant Bendre. Enrollment No: - 2000200185 Name of Programme: -

Mechanical Engineering. Semester: - ME4 R

Title of Micro Project:-

Detail report on humidity measuring devices.

Course Outcomes Achieved:-

a) Use relevant instrument for humidity measurement.

b) Use relevant measuring instrument for measuring various mechanical properties of

machine complements.
(A) (B) Total Marks

Process and Product Individual Preparation / Viva

Assessment (10)

(6 Marks) (4 Marks)

Comments/Suggestions about team work/ leadership/ Inter personal communication:-

Date: Signature

Name: -
Designation:-
5
Government Polytechnic, Nanded.
Mechanical Engineering Department
Academic Year 2021-22

Micro Project Evaluation Sheet

Name of Course and Code: MEM (22443)

Name of Student:-Shrikar Medewar. Enrollment No:- 2000200184 Name of Programme:-

Mechanical Engineering. Semester:- ME 4IR

Title of Micro Project:-

Detail report on humidity measuring devices.

Course Outcomes Achieved:-

a) Use relevant instrument for humidity measurement.

b) Use relevant measuring instrument for measuring various mechanical properties of

machine complements.
(A) (B) Total Marks

Process and Product Individual Preparation / Viva

Assessment (10)

(6 Marks) (4 Marks)

Comments/Suggestions about team work/ leadership/ Inter personal communication:-

Date: Signature

Name: -
Designation:-

6
Government Polytechnic, Nanded
Mechanical Engineering
DepartmentAcademic Year
2021-22
 Micro Project Evaluation Sheet

Name of Course and Code: MEM (22443)

Name of Student: - Pavan Aundhe. Enrollment No: - 2000200193 Name of Programme: -

Mechanical Engineering. Semester: - ME 4IR

Title of Micro Project:-

Detail report on humidity measuring devices.

Course Outcomes Achieved:-

a) Use relevant instrument for humidity measurement.

b) Use relevant measuring instrument for measuring various mechanical properties of

machine complements.
(A) (B) Total Marks

Process and Product Individual Preparation / Viva

Assessment (10)

(6 Marks) (4 Marks)

Comments/Suggestions about team work/ leadership/ Inter personal communication:-

Date: Signature

Name:-
Designation:-

7
Government Polytechnic, Nanded
Mechanical Engineering
DepartmentAcademic Year
2021-22

Micro Project Evaluation Sheet

Name of Course and Code: MEM (22443)

Name of Student:-Ganesh Bhayekar. Enrollment No: - 2000200194 Name of Programme: -

Mechanical Engineering. Semester: - ME 4R

Title of Micro Project:-

Detail report on humidity measuring devices.

Course Outcomes Achieved:-

a) Use relevant instrument for humidity measurement.

b) Use relevant measuring instrument for measuring various mechanical properties of

machine complements.
(A) (B) Total Marks

Process and Product Individual Preparation / Viva

Assessment (10)

(6 Marks) (4 Marks)

Comments/Suggestions about team work/ leadership/ Inter personal communication:-

Date: Signature:

Name: -
Designation:-

8
Government Polytechnic, Nanded
Mechanical Engineering
DepartmentAcademic Year
2021-22

Micro Project Evaluation Sheet

Name of Course and Code: MEM (22443)

Name of Student: - Rutuj Kurtadikar. Enrollment No: - 2000200260 Name of Programme: -

Mechanical Engineering. Semester: - ME 4IR

Title of Micro Project:-

Detail report on humidity measuring devices.

Course Outcomes Achieved:-

a) Use relevant instrument for humidity measurement.

b) Use relevant measuring instrument for measuring various mechanical properties of

machine complements.
(A) (B) Total Marks

Process and Product Individual Preparation / Viva

Assessment (10)

(6 Marks) (4 Marks)

Comments/Suggestions about team work/ leadership/ Inter personal communication:-

Date: Signature

Name: -
Designation:-

9
INDEX
Sr.No. Content Page No.

1. Title 1
 2. Certificate/ Plan A 2-9

3. Index 10

4. Project Abstract/Brief 11-15

Introduction

5. Conclusion 15

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Project Abstract
Humidity is the concentration of water vapors present in the air. Water vapors, the gaseous state of water,
is generally invisible to the human eye. Humidity indicates the likelihood for precipitation, dew, or fog to
be present.

A device used to measure humidity of air is called a psychrometer or hygrometer. A humidistat is a

humidity-triggered switch, often used to control a dehumidifier.

Brief Introduction

Humidity is a measure of the relative amount of water vapors present in the air or a gas.

Relative humidity is the percentage of water vapors by weight present in a given volume of air or
gas compared to the weight of water vapors present in the same volume of air or gas saturated with water
vapors, at the same temperature and pressure. In this session we are going to discuss about Humidity
measuring devices.
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Humidity is defined as the amount of water present in the air.

If temperature is 0°C it indicates less humidity i.e. the air is dry.

But if the temperature is 100 °C and the humidity is high i.e. the water content of
air is high, then we will feel quite uncomfortable.

Humidity is a major factor for operating sensitive equipment like electronics,

industrial equipment etc.
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Types of Humidity:

1. Absolute Humidity:

This term is used to describe the actual amount of water vapors that is saturating the air. Absolute
humidity is calculated by finding the mass of water vapors in an area and dividing it by the mass of air in
the same area. This is the same as the humidity ratio.

2. Relative Humidity:

This term is used as a ratio of the amount of water vapors in the air to the amount of dry air in the area.
No matter what name you call it by. Humidity is a natural part of our climate that we have to adapt to. If we
don’t, then we’ll have to settle for being uncomfortably warm and sweaty. Luckily, we have dehumidifiers
to help us fight back against the damaging effects of moisture in the air.

3. Specific Humidity:

We define specific humidity as the mass of water vapors present in a given unit mass of moist air. (Image
will be uploaded soon)Specific humidity is equal to the ratio of water vapors mass and the air parcel’s
total (including dry) air mass. Specific humidity is also known as the humidity ratio. It does not change
with the expansion or compression of an air parcel. We usually express specific heat as grams of vapors
per kg of air, or in air conditioning as grains per pound.
3
Humidity measuring devices:

Psychrometer:

psychrometer, a hygrometer composed of two similar thermometers. The bulb of one

thermometer is kept wet (by means of a thin, wet cloth wick) so that the cooling that results from
evaporation makes it register a lower temperature than the dry-bulb thermometer.

Hygrometer:
A hygrometer is an instrument used to measure the amount of water vapors in air, in soil, or in confined
spaces. Humidity measurement instruments usually rely on measurements of some other quantities such
as temperature, pressure, mass, a mechanical or electrical change in a substance as moisture is absorbed.

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(A) Hair hygrometer:
Working of hair hygrometer:

Hair hygrometer is the simplest and oldest type of hygrometer.

It is made using hair as shown in Fig.5.2.1.

Human hair lengthens by 3 percent when the humidity changes from 0 to 100 percent, this property
of hair can be used to operate a pointer or recording pen through a system of mechanical linkage.

The change in length can be used to control a pointer for visual readings or a transducer such as
near variable differential transformers (LVDT) for an electrical output.

The hair hygrometer has an accuracy of about 5 percent for the humidity range 20 to 90 percent
over the temperature range 5°C to 40°C.

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Application of Hair hygrometer:

✔ These hydrometers are used in the temperature range of 0’Cto 75’C.

✔ These hydrometers are used in the range of relative humidity (relative humidity) from
30 to 95%.

✔ Limitations of the hydrometer for the hair.

✔ Limitations of the hydrometer for the hair.

✔ If the hair hydrometer is used constantly, its calibration tends to change.

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(B) Sling psychrometer:
 ✔ The sling psychrometer consists of handle of two mercury thermometers mounted on
frame, which has handle provided for rotation of psychrometer as shown in Fig.

✔ For accurate measurement of wet bulb temperature, it is an essential condition that the
air should move with velocity around the wet wick.

✔ The sling psychrometer is a specific form of wet and dry bulb psychrometer.

✔ It uses glass thermometers in a frame designed to be swing rapidly to obtain adequate

air velocity.

✔ This is suitable for measurement in the range of 0 to 100%RH.

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Applications:
 ⮚ For setting and checking hair hydrometer.
⮚ For routine meteorological observations.

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(C) Resistive Hygrometer:

The conducting film of the resistive hygrometer is made by the lithium chloride and the carbon.
The conducting film places between the metal electrodes. The resistance of the conducting film varies
with the change in the value of humidity present in the surrounding air.ir.
The moisture absorbs by the lithium chloride will depend on the relative humidity. If the relative
humidity is high, the lithium chloride will absorb more moisture and their resistance decreases.

The change in the value of resistance is measured by applying the alternating current to the bridge. The
direct current is not used in the bridge as they breakdowns the layer of lithium chloride. The
obstructions occur in the flows of current shows the value of resistance or the value of relative humidity.

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Working Principle:

Today, there are different types of a hygrometer and how they work will depend on their design.
For instance, one of the types is a capacitive hygrometer.

Devices classified under this form use different other types of sensors. Capacitive hygrometers are
created for applications where price, fragility, or space is a concern, so they risk the accuracy of
 reading moisture for the affordability of the device.

Capacitive hygrometers measure the effect of moisture on a metal oxide material. Frequently, they
are also used for quantifying humidity’s impact on the dielectric constant (or the relative
permittivity) of a polymer, such as synthetic plastics.

When calibrated, the sensors have an accuracy rating of ±2% relative humidity within the range of
five to 95% relative humidity

If not calibrated, the accuracy is up to three times worse. The sensors though can withstand high
temperatures and the effects of condensation, and they are suitable for various applications.
However, these capacity hygrometers have sensors that can easily be contaminated and show signs of
aging rapidly.

Application:

Used in measuring of humidity in air.

Used in measuring amount of water vapors in air.
Used in measuring of temperature of air.
Used in incubators. Used in saunas and museums.
Used in taking care of wooden musical instruments like guitars, violins.

Conclusion

Date ofsubmission:- Name and signature of the Lecturer:- Mr. V.M. Rathod.

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