Ganaane Kafaalo Academy Academic Year: 2018/2019

Somali Federal Ministry of Education,

Culture and Higher Education

Form Four National Standardized Examination

May/June 2016

Geography Examination

Name:______________________________________________

Solved Examination

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Ganaane Kafaalo Academy Academic Year: 2018/2019

Part one: Multiple Choice Questions. Circle the correct answer

1. Which one of the following is not type cultivation?

a) Mixed forming
b) Shift farming
c) Ground forming
d) Small scale farming
2. Which of the following countries are main cotton producing countries in
Africa?
a) Somalia and Kenya
b) Uganda and Malawi
c) Egypt and Sudan
d) Eritrea and Ethiopia
3. The 0° line of the latitude is:
a) Equator
b) Tropical of cancer
c) Tropic of Capricom
d) Green with meridian
4. Which are the types that the sun over head at mid day along the equator?!!!
a) 24th September and 20th August
b) 1st March and 23rd September
c) 21st June and 23rd December
d) 31st January and 31st December
5. Which one of the following is not renewable source of energy?
a) Wind
b) Solar
c) Water
d) Coal
6. Which of the following activities in an act of moving, carrying and
conveying items and people from one place to another?
a) Communication
b) Transport
c) Topography
d) Industries

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7. Which of the following effects of industrialization is not positive effect?

a) Sources of income
b) Improve infra-structure
c) Employment opportunity
d) Pollution
8. If local time in Mogadishu is 12:00pm, what is the local time of a town in 90
° East of Mogadishu?
a) 15:00
b) 17:00
c) 18:00
d) 10:00
9. Suez Canal is a water way that connects:
a) Caripean and Pacific ocean
b) Mediterranean Seas and Black Sea
c) Mediterranean Seas and Red Sea
d) Dead Sea and Caspian Sea
10. The following are settlement patterns except:
a) Nucleated settlement
b) Linear settlement
c) Dispersed settlement
d) Square settlement
11. Which of the following countries in East Africa are land locked nations?
a) Somalia and Djibouti
b) Rwanda and Ethiopia
c) Sudan and Eritrea
d) Kenya and South Sudan
12. Which of the following geographical factors does not influence settlements?
a) Presence of water
b) Soil factor
c) Economic factor
d) Climate factor
13. Which of the following environmental hazard is not found in Somalia?
a) Erosion
b) Flood and drought
c) Avalanches

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Ganaane Kafaalo Academy Academic Year: 2018/2019

d) Plastic paper
14. People who measure record and forecast the weather is known as:
a) Geologists
b) Metrologists
c) Climatologists
d) Penologists
15. River Juba enters the Indian Ocean at:
a) Gobweyn
b) Jilib
c) Kabsuma
d) Sanguni
16. In which direction does the earth rotate around its axis:
a) North to south
b) East to West
c) West to East
d) Randomly
17. Which of the following regions of Somalia is most suitable for arable
farming?
a) Galgadud
b) Mudug
c) Lower Shabelle
d) Nugal
18. Country census should be carried out of every:
a) 10 years
b) 5 years
c) 3 years
d) 8 years
19. Which is the highest mountain in the world?
a) Mount Kilimanjaro
b) Mount Burhakaba
c) Mount Everest
d) Mount Surat
20. Which cause of over exploitation of resources is:
a) Rapid population growth and human needs
b) Global warming

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c) Lack of money
d) Political system

Part two: Answer the following questions

1. Define fisheries.
 Fisheries is a term used for activities that involve the exploitation of
water resources, such as fish, seals, crabs, prawns, lobsters, oysters,
seaweeds and whales.
2. Define animal husbandry.
 Animal husbandry is the science of breeding and caring for farm
animals.
3. Differentiate between industry and industrialization.
 An industry is an enterprise which enables man to produce goods and
services for consumption and to earn an income. While Industrialization
is the process and pace at which a country or community sets to estab-
lish industries.
4. State any four conditions necessary for fishing.
a) Presence of Plankton: Fish, like all other organisms require food for
their sustenance. Fish feed on small marine organisms and small
vegetable substances the availability or scarcity of fish depends upon the
availability of food.
b) Nature of the Coastline: The nature of a coastline also determines the
availability of fish. Un indented coastlines discourage deep sea fishing
and the development of fishing ports.
c) Level of Technology: The ability to exploit fish resources from their
natural habitat usually has a bearing on the equipment being used.
d) Ready Market: A fairly large population is required to provide a good
market for fish. Fishing is more extensive in areas where there is a high
population, which in turn creates a high demand for fish.
5. Define communication.
 Communication on the other hand refers to the process of transferring
information between individuals, groups and places.
6. State two disadvantages of road transport
a)  Accidents and Breakdowns
b)  Unsuitable for Long Distance and Bulky Traffic

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7. Differentiate between retailers and hawkers

a) Retailers are those traders who buy goods from the wholesalers and sell
to individual consumers.
b) Hawkers are people who travel about selling goods, typically advertising
them by shouting.
8. We need to conserve and manage our environment, give four reasons.
a) Proper Utilization of Resources
b) Sustenance of Human Life
c) Economic Value
d) Aesthetic Value
9. State four secondary sources of population data.
a) Published reports,
b) Unpublished report,
c) Statistical abstracts.
d) Tally tapes
10.Write down two disadvantages of water transport.
a) Interruptions: Several waterways lack conditions favourable to all-year-
round navigation. Water freezes during winter in temperate lands is a
major navigation hazard.
b) Obstacles: Rivers, and to some extent lakes may be obstructed by
sandbars, falls, rapids and rock outcrops.
11.State three causes of migration.
a) Pressure on Land: Districts that are densely populated do not offer
enough farmland for the increasing population. This results in reduced
food supplies. To
b) Better Employment Opportunities: The school leavers usually move to
urban areas in search of jobs. People also move from one town to another
in search of better paying jobs.
12. List down three effect of migration.
a) In the case of the movement away from the rural areas, there is some
relief of rural population pressure. This may create more room for
agriculture thereby boosting food production
b) Migration also affects the composition of the population because it
affects the young productive population. Majority of those left behind
are children and the old.

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c) Although the standard of living is high in towns, many of the

immigrants do not live comfortably due to lack of sufficient affordable
housing. This leads of the establishment of slum dwellings.
13.Define trade.
 Trade refers to the buying and selling of goods and services.
14. Explain the three communities of fish.
a) Pelagic fish: are those communities that live near the surface or at
shallow depths of seas. They live and move in shoals
b) Demersal fish: live at or close to the bottom of seas
a) Anadromous fish: are migratory, either moving up or down a river
course.
15. Differentiate between fertility and mortality.
a) Fertility refers to the ability of a woman to give birth to a live child.
b) Mortality refers to deaths among members of a population.
1
16.Japan is leading fishing nation and produced 6 of the world’s output.
State two reasons that have made Japan to succeed in the industry.
a) The sophisticated vessels used by the Japanese enable them not only to
fish around their waters but travel far in the sea, into other countries'
waters. Although they pay for using the other countries' marine resources,
their harvests are much more than they pay for.
b) The fishing industry in Japan has been developed to a level where
institutions like polytechnics and universities have introduced studies on
the development of the industry.
17.Write down the capital cities of the following regions:
a) Bakol = Hudur
b) Middle Juba = Bu’ale
c) Sanag = Erigavo
18.State any four major world sea routes.
a) The North Atlantic Sea Route: This sea route links Western Europe and
Eastern North America.
b) The Mediterranean-Asiatic Sea Route: This is the world's largest single
trade route. The Suez canal, opened in 1869, is a strategic link in this
international chain of destinations.

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c) The European-Eastern South America Sea Route: This is a trans-

Atlantic sea route that enables the shipment of commodities between
Europe and South American countries along the Atlantic Ocean.
d) The Panama Canal Sea Route: The Panama Canal was opened in 1914.
It shortened the distance between the Eastern Coast of North America
and the Western Coast of South America and between Australia and
Europe.
19.State the four factors affecting transport and communication.
a) Demand and Supply ,
b) Infrastructure
c) Politics
d) Alternative sources
20.Differentiate cultivation and herding.
a) Cultivation is a set of activities including tilling the soil and helping the
growth of plant.
b) Herding is a set of activities carried out by people carrying for domestic
animals which are sources for food and raw materials.

End

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