JOINT UNIVERSITIES PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS BOARD

SEPTEMBER 2021 EXAMINATIONS

GEOGRAPHY Time Allowed: 3 Hours

SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Answer all questions in this section.

Use the OMR answer sheet provided to answer the questions.

Follow the instructions on the OMR sheet.

SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTIONS

Answer FOUR questions from Section B; ONE question from each course.
Ensure you read and follow all the Instructions on the cover page of the Answer Booklet.

JMS 404 Turn Over

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SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS SET 1

Answer ALL questions in this section.

1. When John left London in January, it was winter. On his return it was summer. On getting
to Cape Town (South Africa) the same day, it was summer. What caused the difference?
A. Climatic change.
B. Rotation of the Earth.
C. Revolution of the Earth.
D. Solar eclipse.

2. The planet which rotates on their axis from East to West include: (i). Jupiter (ii). Venus
(iii). Mercury (iv) Saturn (v) Uranus
A. i, ii, and v
B. ii and v
C. i, iii and v
D. ii and iv

3. A river loses energy and may deposit some of its load when
A. its bed and banks become smoother
B. its discharge increases
C. its gradient decreases
D. it becomes narrow and deep.

4. Which of the following are primary economic activities? (i.) Transport (ii).
Communication (iii). Manufacturing (iv). Farming, (v.) Mining
A. i. ii and iv
B. ii. Iii and iv
C. ii and iii
D. iv and v

5. Which of the following economic activities are dependent upon the natural environment
to the greatest extent?
A. Primary.
B. Secondary.
C. Tertiary.

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 D. All of the above.

6. The areas with congenial environment for human occupance are called the
A. Inhabited areas
B. Non acumen areas
C. Ecumene areas
D. Agricultural areas.

7. If the cardinal point of location A from location B is West-North-West, what is the angular
bearing of A from B?
A. 247½o.
B. 292½o.
C. 337½o.
D. 202½o.

8. A gradient is expressed as the

A. term of vertical rise to the horizontal distance
B. value of vertical rise to the horizontal distance
C. equation of vertical rise to the horizontal distance
D. ratio of vertical rise to the horizontal distance.

9. On a cardinal points diagram, which of the following is equivalent to 247½o?

A. NE.
B. NNW.
C. SSW.
D. WSW.

10. In terms of their comparable distance over which is navigable, the most important river
in the world is
A. Amazon
B. Nile
C. Limpopo
D. Niger.

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11. Which of the following factors CANNOT adequately explain the increasing concentration
of population in a few large urban centres in Nigeria?
A. Scarcity of food and shelter in rural areas.
B. Employment opportunities in the cities.
C. Better modern amenities in the cities.
D. Mass movement of young school leavers to the cities.

12. Burkina Faso and Mali may face all but one of the following environmental hazards
A. Locust invasion
B. Drought
C. Harmattan
D. Ocean surge.

13. Which statement most explains the increasing importation of food to West Africa
countries?
A. Unfavourable climates for enough food production.
B. Progressive neglect of food production.
C. Too large populations which cannot be fed locally.
D. Bad soils which cannot produce enough food.

14. Which of these West African countries may never engage in international boundary
dispute?
A. Nigeria and Benin Republic.
B. Burkina Faso and Niger.
C. Ghana and Benin.
D. Guinea and Sierra Leone.

15. Which of these statements is correct?

A. By September 23rd, the sun is overhead at the Tropic of Capricorn making the region
a low pressure belt.
B. In June 4th, the sun is overhead at the Tropic of Capricorn making the region a low
pressure belt.
C. In January 3rd, the sun is overhead in the Tropic of Capricorn making the region a low
pressure belt.

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 D. By July 29th, the sun is overhead at the Equator making the region a high pressure
belt.

16. Which of the following is NOT a type of slope?

A. Concave slope.
B. Regular slope.
C. Steep slope.
D. Gentle slope.

17.

Lake

The diagram above shows which type of drainage pattern?

A. Dendritic
B. Radial
C. Trellis
D. Centripetal.

18. A prominent feature of the Andes that makes it different from the Himalayas is
A. Block mountain
B. Fold mountain
C. Volcanic mountain
D. Rift valley.

19. The various processes involved in denudation operate is/are

A. both in the atmosphere and the crustal surface
B. atmosphere only
C. crustal surface only
D. lower mantle only.

20. In mass movement, soil creep is an example of

A. dry

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 B. wet
C. fast
D. slow.

21. Warri is an example of a

A. Port city
B. Agricultural city
C. Confluence city
D. Mountainous city.

22. One of the following landform features is NOT a depositional feature of the river system
A. Seif
B. Levees
C. Delta
D. Erratic.

23. The following are coastal processes/agents EXCEPT

A. Wind
B. Waves
C. Tides
D. Current.

24. In terms of proportion of the total area affected, the most arid continent is
A. Australia
B. Africa
C. Europe
D. South America.

25. In Geography, Environmental Determinism and Possibilism are concepts describing the
interaction between Man and his
A. social environment
B. physical environment
C. built environment
D. modified environment.

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26. Analysis involving the way geo-features are arranged and related in space is technically
referred to as
A. Spatial entity
B. Spatial process
C. Spatial organization
D. Ecumene.

27. Locations where two plates slide past one another are called
A. Convergent Plate Boundaries
B. Divergent Plate Boundaries
C. Transform Plate Boundaries
D. Oceanic Plate Boundaries.

28. When the earth is at the maximum distance from the sun it is said to be in
A. Aphelion
B. Perihelion
C. Apogee
D. Perigee.

29. A mountain formed by lava and ash is called

A. Block Mountain
B. Volcanic Mountain
C. Fault Mountain
D. Fold Mountain.

30. Which instrument is used in measuring Humidity?

A. Wind vane.
B. Hygrometer.
C. Wind Speed.
D. Speedometer.

31. Which of the following do you consider as a natural resource?

A. Population.
B. Fauna.

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 C. Industries.
D. Shelter.

32. Which of the following CANNOT affect agricultural production?

A. Transportation.
B. Sedimentation.
C. Storage.
D. Distribution.

33. It is embowelled by another country, very narrow in width and resembles a projectile. This
description matches which country?
A. Gambia.
B. Cote D’Ivoire.
C. Benin Republic.
D. Mali.

34. The major railway station town after Ibadan while coming from Lagos is?
A. Abeokuta.
B. Osogbo.
C. Offa.
D. Ilorin.

35. The general climate of the equatorial region can be said to be

A. Hot and humid
B. Warm and humid
C. Highly seasonal
D. Hot and dry.

36. What is the major factor responsible for the sparse population in the Northern Region of
West Africa?
A. Inclement weather conditions.
B. Absence of good road.
C. Absence of international airport.
D. Absence of foreigners.

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37. The level of urbanization in United States is higher than that of Nigeria because of
A. High technology
B. low market
C. low migration
D. poor transport.

38. The term ‘selvas’ refers to

A. A crop of equatorial lowland
B. An animal
C. Equatorial rain forest
D. A type of farming.

39. The two major forces that produce cracks and folds in rocks are
A. denudation and mass wasting
B. joints and faults
C. compression and tension
D. joints and cracks

40. The importance of the lithosphere to man includes the following EXCEPT
A. It acts as green house
B. Most human activities are carried out here
C. All mineral resources are derived from here
D. All farming activities are carried out here.

41. Which of the following is NOT used to represent diagrams or graphs?

A. Line graph.
B. Bar chart.
C. Pie chart.
D. Ranging pole.

42. Which of the following is NOT a small scale map?

A. 1:20,000.
B. 1:100,000.
C. 1:250,000.
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 D. 1:500,000.

43. Which of the following is the most important reason why the highest densities of cattle
in West Africa are found in the Sudan and Sahel Savanna zones?
A. The two zones are far from the coast.
B. The two zones have abundant water resources.
C. The two zones have abundant fodder resources.
D. The two zones are largely free of tsetse fly.

44. Which of these pairs of countries may NOT be involved in a commission on coastal
management in West Africa?
A. Senegal and Guinea.
B. Togo and Sierra Leone.
C. Benin Republic and Gambia.
D. Mali and Burkina Faso.

45. Which of the following types of climate would a person NOT encounter while travelling
from Algiers to Cape Town?
A. Tropical rain forest.
B. Temperate.
C. Desert.
D. Tropical Savannah.

46. Which of these sectors contributes the least to Nigerians natural economy?
A. Agriculture.
B. Manufacturing.
C. Tourism.
D. Mining.

47. The main petroleum – producing countries of Africa are

A. Nigeria, Togo and South Africa
B. Nigeria, Ivory Coast and Zaire
C. Nigeria, Algeria and Tunisia
D. Nigeria, Algeria and Libya.

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48. Within the last few years Alaska, Mexico and the North Sea have become important in
the production of
A. Coal
B. Petroleum
C. Phosphate
D. Gold.

49. What is the major restriction to navigation on African rivers?

A. Seasonal flow.
B. Low/shallow depth.
C. Water falls.
D. No population in these area.

50. The group of countries that produce most of the cocoa in West Africa is
A. Ghana, Sierra Leone and Gambia.
B. Ghana, Cote d’Ivoire and Benin Republic.
C. Ghana and Cote d’Ivoire.
D. Nigeria, Cote d’Ivoire and Togo.

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SECTION B: ESSAY
From this Section, Answer FOUR Questions; Not more than One from each Course.

GRY 001: PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY

1. Briefly describe the main characteristics of each of the following
i. Atmosphere [5marks]
ii. Hydrosphere [5marks]
iii. Biosphere [5marks]

2. Explain how the greenhouse effect occurs in the earth’s atmosphere and its effects on
human activities [15marks]

GRY 002: HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

3. Write an essay on the concept of “environmental determinism” and its refutation

[15marks]

4. (a) What is technology diffusion? [3 marks]

(b) Discuss on any four known roles of technology diffusion in a developing economy
like Nigeria [12 marks]

GRY 003: MAP READING, INTERPRETATION & GIS

5. (a) Using the map provided below, draw the cross section between Aro’s House and the
Bridge at the eastern part of the map [9marks]

(b) Comment on the visibility of the Market from Aro’s House [3marks]
(c) Estimate the distance between Aro’s House and the Market [3marks]

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SCALE 1: 150,000

6. (a) If the distance between 2 points A and B is 13.2cm, what is the actual distance if the
scale of the map is 1: 200000? [4marks]
(b) Change 1cm to 3km to statement scale [1mark]
(c) Change from statement scale to R. F. 5cm to 1km. [31/2 marks]
(d) Arrange the scale in ascending order

i. 1:200
ii. 1:20000
iii. 1:10
iv. 1:250,000
v. 1:100,000 [1/2 mark each = 21/2 marks ]
(e) Arrange the gradient in order of steepness
i. 1:10
ii. 1:20
iii. 1:3
iv. 1:130
v. 1:200
vi. 1:60
vii. 1:7

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 viii. 1:15 [1/2 mark each = 4marks]

GRY 004: REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY

7. (a) Draw a sketch map of Nigeria showing its pattern of population density. [6 marks]

(b) Describe the importance and shortcomings of the rail network in West Africa. [9 marks]

8. Examine the major challenges to the development of transport infrastructure in Nigeria.

[15marks]

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