Current Policies and Alternatives

CURRENT POLICIES:
Evidence from research stations suggests that substantial productivity gains are technically
possible for rice. Yet farm level output continues to rise very slowly, if not stagnating in the past
decades. At present, the average farmers’ yields only range from 50 to 70 percent of the on-
farm experiment yield and only very few farmers have yields that are comparable to the
demonstrated potential in on-farm experiments. The yield gaps that currently exist are
consequences of biological constraints, soil and water constraints, and socio-economic
constraints that compel farmers to use inputs at a level much below the technical optimum.
Analysis shows that the average yields in the on-farm experiments from 1991 to 1995 were 5.7
t/ha during wet season and 7.5 t/ha during dry season while the average yields of the farmers
are only 3.7 t/ha in the wet season and 3.9 t/ha during dry season. This corresponds to a yield
gap of 2 t/ha during the wet season and 3.9 t/ha during the dry season.
In addition, the different RDE programs currently implemented are interdisciplinary and
ecosystem-based that integrate all the necessary components in each program. These
programs are: a) Transplanted Irrigated Lowland Rice; b) Direct-Seeded Irrigated Lowland Rice;
c) Hybrid Rice; d) Rice for Adverse Environments; e) Rice-Based Farming Systems; f) Rice and
Rice-Based Products; g) Policy Research and Advocacy; and h) Technology Promotion and
Development. Program outputs are packages of technologies for specific ecosystems. In the
Transplanted Irrigated Lowland Rice Program, for example, researchers with diverse expertise
work closely to develop a package of technologies for transplanted irrigated lowland
ecosystems that would include the appropriate variety and the corresponding pest management
options, nutrient management, and farm equipment. This program involves a pool of
researchers composed of breeders, geneticists, plant pathologists, entomologists,
communication specialists, and policy researchers.
Due to high rise prices and inflation this led to the implementation of the RTL also known as the
rice tariffication law to replace quantitative restrictions on rice imports with tariffs, in order to
push for liberalize rice imports with expectation that rice prices would decline by P2 to P7 per
kilo and help tame inflation.
Which is a a tax imposed by a government of a country or of a supranational union on imports
or exports of goods. For imports from ASEAN countries a single tariff is 35%. To balance the
impact of the advancement of rice imports the public authority set up a Rice Competitiveness
Enhancement Fund (RCEF) with a yearly PHP 10 billion (USD 192.3 million) assignment
throughout the following six years, the expenditures are planned to be spent as follows: (i) PHP
5 billion (USD 96.5 million) for rice farm machinery and equipment; (ii) PHP 3 billion (USD 57.9
million) for rice seed development, propagation and promotion; (iii) PHP 1 billion (USD 19.3
million) for credit; and (iv) another PHP 1 billion (USD 19.3 million) for extension.
ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS:
For the Philippines to become self-sufficient in rice, it has to adopt existing technologies such as
improved varieties and know-how to have yield increase by 1–3 t/ha. The objective of
sufficiency in rice has driven a scope of strategy estimates supporting rice makers rather than
the local pattern toward the expansion into higher worth wares while adding to the
undernourishment of helpless families that are substantial rice buyers and adequately burdened
by more exorbitant costs. The rural area's all out factor efficiency (TFP) development is more
slow than the world normal and more slow than in many nations around there. This is probably
going to be connected to many years of underinvestment, strategy bends, vulnerabilities
connected with the execution of agrarian change and intermittent limit climate conditions.
Better quality seed combined with good management, including new postharvest technologies,
is the best way to improve rice yields and the quality of production. Since current rice yield is
way below the yield potential of most modern varieties, improved fertilizer use and crop
management, better irrigation facilities, and high-yielding varieties can boost the country’s rice
output. The main source of additional rice production is improved yield growth. However, the
government must implement a strategy to reduce population growth since the actual volume of
rice produced by the country is not enough to match rice demand because of the high increase
in population. If population growth will be higher than the growth in yield, the country will
continue to import rice from other countries to meet domestic demand for rice in the coming
years.
We use farm-level panel data from the Loop Survey of the International Rice Research Institute
(IRRI). This survey began in 1966, and is conducted about once every four years. In this paper
we use data from 2007 to 2012. This survey collects farm and household characteristics on
individual rice farms over such a long period of time. Loop Survey collects data from two
domains of rice farming household. One domain is along a loop of the main highway north of 5
Metro Manila through the provinces of Central Luzon and the other domain is along a loop
through the towns of Laguna. In both domain, double cropping is normal and production
systems in these two areas are largely similar. Rice is established by transplanting in both
areas. Pesticides use has declined in these areas since the mid-1980s. In 2017, the Philippines
redistributed some financing from variable info sponsorships to interest in framework and
through the re-direction of rural information frameworks. Proceeding with endeavors to pull
together budgetary help on long haul underlying change is critical to advancing efficiency
development. The public authority should reinforce institutional coappointment between the
Department of Agriculture and other pertinent divisions and establishments that create and carry
out programs supporting farming, fortify straightforwardness and responsibility of openly
financed programs, speed up endeavors to construct a strong approach important measurable
framework and coordinate checking and assessment components into the arrangement
interaction. Proposals to coordinate the sustainability and efficiency in rice productivity, AMIA for
example is designed for the rice cultivation to contribute to the philippines to resilient rices
cultivation schemes in light of climate change, since the philippines is vulnerable. The AMIA
practice involved the continuous flooding of rice fields up to harvest. Its a possible way to
introduce overall transformation changes and address a wide range of array of issues in the
sector beyond reductions un GHG emissions, as well as provides a number of incentives for rice
famers from continuous flooding to alternative wetting and drying water management practices
and thus promoted climate change resilient rice production. Although the downside to this
alternative is the absence of incentives to support continuous water management after the end
of pilot projects, as it tends to revert to continuous flooding

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