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    Properties of Blood

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    Raj Singh
    Blood is a connective tissue in fluid form that carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and removes waste throughout the body. It contains blood cells suspended in plasma, which is 91-92% water containing proteins, electrolytes, nutrients, and waste. The three main types of blood cells are red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Blood is slightly alkaline, red or purple depending on oxygen levels, and has specific properties that allow it to transport substances and defend the body.

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    Properties of Blood

    Uploaded by

    Raj Singh
    40 views3 pages
    Blood is a connective tissue in fluid form that carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and removes waste throughout the body. It contains blood cells suspended in plasma, which is 91-92% water containing proteins, electrolytes, nutrients, and waste. The three main types of blood cells are red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Blood is slightly alkaline, red or purple depending on oxygen levels, and has specific properties that allow it to transport substances and defend the body.

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    Blood

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    Blood is a connective tissue in fluid form that carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and removes waste throughout the body. It contains blood cells suspended in plasma, which is 91-92% water containing proteins, electrolytes, nutrients, and waste. The three main types of blood cells are red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Blood is slightly alkaline, red or purple depending on oxygen levels, and has specific properties that allow it to transport substances and defend the body.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    40 views3 pages

    Properties of Blood

    Uploaded by

    Raj Singh
    Blood is a connective tissue in fluid form that carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and removes waste throughout the body. It contains blood cells suspended in plasma, which is 91-92% water containing proteins, electrolytes, nutrients, and waste. The three main types of blood cells are red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Blood is slightly alkaline, red or purple depending on oxygen levels, and has specific properties that allow it to transport substances and defend the body.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Blood

     Blood is a connective tissue in fluid form.


     It is considered as the ‘fluid of life’ because it carries oxygen from lungs to all parts of the
    body and carbon dioxide from all parts of the body to lungs.
     It is known as ‘fluid of growth’ because it carries nutritive substances from the digestive
    system and hormones from endocrine gland to all the tissues.
     The blood is also called the ‘fluid of health’ because it protects the body against the diseases
    and gets rid of the waste products and unwanted substances by transporting them to the
    excretory organs like kidneys.

    PROPERTIES OF BLOOD
    1. Color: Blood is red in color. Arterial blood -- scarlet red
    venous blood -- purple red

    2. Volume: Average volume of blood in a normal adult is 5 L.


    In a newborn baby, the volume is 450 ml.
    In females, it is slightly less and is about 4.5 L.

    3. Reaction and pH: Blood is slightly alkaline and its pH in normal conditions is 7.4.

    4. Specific gravity:-
    Specific gravity of total blood : 1.052 to 1.061
    Specific gravity blood cells : 1.092 to 1.101
    Specific gravity of plasma : 1.022 to 1.026

    5. Viscosity: Blood is five times more viscous than water.

    COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
    Blood contains the blood cells which are called formed elements and the liquid portion known as
    plasma.

    BLOOD CELLS - Three types:-


    1. Red blood cells or erythrocytes
    2. White blood cells or leukocytes
    3. Platelets or thrombocytes.

    PLASMA
    Plasma is a straw-colored clear liquid part of blood. It contains 91% to 92% of water and 8% to
    9% of solids.The solids are the organic and the inorganic substances.

    Page | 3
    Composition of plasma

    SERUM
    Serum is the clear straw-colored fluid that oozes from blood clot. When the blood is shed or
    collected in a container, it clots. In this process, the fibrinogen is converted into fibrin and the
    blood cells are trapped in this fibrin forming the blood clot. After about 45 minutes, serum oozes
    out of the blood clot.
    Serum = Plasma – Fibrinogen

    FUNCTIONS
    1. Nutritive Function
    2. Respiratory Function
    3. Excretory Function
    4. Transport of Hormones and Enzymes
    5. Regulation of Water Balance
    6. Regulation of Acid-Base Balance
    7. Regulation of Body Temperature
    8. Storage Function
    9. Defensive Function

    Page | 4
    Plasma Proteins
    Plasma proteins are:
    1. Serum albumin :- 4.7 g/dL
    2. Serum globulin: - 2.3 g/dL
    3. Fibrinogen : - 0.3 g/dL

     Total proteins : 7.3 g/dL (6.4 to 8.3 g/dL)


     Ratio between plasma level of albumin and globulin is called albumin/globulin (A/G)
    ratio. Normal A/G ratio is 2 : 1.

    FUNCTIONS OF PLASMA PROTEINS


    Plasma proteins are very essential for the body. Following are the functions of plasma proteins:

    1. Role in coagulation of blood - Fibrinogen is essential for coagulation of blood

    2. Role in defense mechanism of body - Gamma globulins play an important role in the defense
    mechanism of the body by acting as antibodies.

    3. Role in transport mechanism - Albumin, alpha globulin and beta globulin are responsible for
    the transport of the hormones, enzymes, etc.

    4. Role in maintenance of osmotic pressure in blood


    5. Role in regulation of acid-base balance
    6. Role in viscosity of blood
    7. Role as reserve proteins.

    Page | 5

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