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Earthquake Definitions

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Form Four Geography

Earthquake Definitions.

Earthquake: An earthquake is a sudden movement of tectonic plates that


causes the ground surface to vibrate or shake. The vibrations produce
seismic or earthquake waves.
Focus: The point within the Earth from which an earthquake’s energy
originates is called the focus or hypocenter. The energy is released from
the focus or source and radiates as waves in all directions.
Epicenter: The earthquake produces seismic or shock waves from a
point on the earth’s surface directly above the focus. This is called the
epicenter. This is where the strongest shock is felt. Seismic waves spread
out in all directions, through the rocks. The sudden jolt may last only a
few seconds or as long as several minutes.
Source: Complete Geography Course for Csec by Vohn A.M. Rahil

(Trinidad Guardian) The UWI Seismic Research Centre (UWI SRC)


has confirmed that an earthquake of 5.2 magnitude on the Richter scale
occurred yesterday in Trinidad and Tobago. (Sunday 4th October, 2020)

According to the UWI SRC initial report, the quake happened at 3:12
pm (Local Time), at a depth of 10 kilometres.

It was located at latitude 11.10 North and longitude 61.25 West.

Citizens as far east as La Horquetta and Arima, west as Carenage, and


south as Princes Town reported feeling the earthquake.
In Trinidad, the epicenter was 51 km north of Arima, and 56 km North
East of Port of Spain.

For Tobago, the epicenter was 57 km West of Scarborough.

Haiti earthquake has affected 1.2 million people, says UNICEF - CNN

Read the article and look at the video in the link above and answer the following questions.

1. Define the term Earthquake.

An earthquake is a sudden movement of tectonic plates that causes the ground surface to vibrate.

2. What is the epicenter of an Earthquake?

The epicentre of an earthquake is the point on the earth’s surface directly above the focus. The
earthquake produces seismic or shock waves from this point.

3. What was the magnitude of the Haitian Earthquake?

7.2 magnitude

4. List some effects of the Earthquake.

A) Buildings were damaged and destroyed.

B) Less than 2000 people died.


C) 6900 people injured

D) Earthquakes caused landslides.

E) Roads were impassable and communication were disrupted.

F) People were left homeless and in insanitary conditions.

5. Describe the response by local authorities, foreign governments and international groups
to assist the Haitian people after the earthquake.

Local authorities have been delivering food and water to makeshift camps. International groups
have provided personal care products and hygiene kits to people. Because of the impassable
roads local authorities found it difficult to reach the affected areas quickly and to administer aid.
People had to be reached by air. Air transport limited the number of people that had to be air
lifted to hospitals.

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