Exercise 26: The elongation in a metallic rod hinged at one end and rotating in a

horizontal plane becomes four times of the initial value. The angular velocity of rotation
becomes
(a) two times the initial value
(b) half of initial value
(c) one-third of initial value
(d) four times the initial value

QMID: 21QNACENG11PHY17Q26
Solution:
As we know,
2 2
1 mω l
∆ l=
3 AY
Where, m , A and Y are constant. Therefore,
2
∆ l ∝ω
It means,
2
∆ l1 ω1
=
∆ l 2 ω 22

Given in question, elongation in a metallic rod hinged at one end and rotating in a
horizontal plane becomes four times of the initial value. Therefore ∆ l 2becomes 4 l 1

∆ l 1 ω 21
=
4 l 1 ω 22
2 2
ω 2=4 ω1
ω 2=2 ω1

Hence, the angular velocity of rotation becomes two times of initial value.
Final answer: (a)

Exercise 27: A uniform metal rod (fixed at both ends) of 2 mm2 cross section is cooled
from 40 ° C to 20 ° C .The co-efficient of the linear expansion of the rod is
 –6 11 2
12 ×10 per degree and its young modulus of elasticity is 10 N /m . The energy stored
per unit volume of the rod is

(a) 2880 J /m3

(b) 1500 J /m3

(c) 5760 J /m3

(d) 1440 J /m3

QMID: 21QNACENG11PHY17Q27
Solution:
Given,
Cross section area ¿ 2 mm2
Change in temperature ∆ θ ¿ 20 ° C
Linear expansion ¿ α =12 ×10−6 per degree

Young modulus ¿ 1011 N /m2

Step 1: Calculate strain of uniform metal rod.
∆l
Formula used: strain=
l
as we know,
∆l
strain=
l
∆l
And, =α . ∆ θ
l
Putting value of α and ∆ θ , we get

12 ×10−6 ×20 °
¿ 240 ×10−6
Step 2: Calculate potential energy stored in per unit of metal rod.
1 2
Formula used: u= Y (strain)
2
As we know,
 1 2
Energy density ¿= Y (strain)
2
Therefore, putting value of Y and strain, we get
1 −6 2
u= × 10 × ( 240× 10 )
11
2
3
2880 J /m
Final answer: (a)

Exercise 28: The force (F)−¿extension (∆ l ¿, graph shows that the strain energy stored
in the material under test, for an extension of 4 mm, is greater than which of the following
values?

(a) 80 mJ
(b) 60 mJ
(c) 40 mJ
(d) none of these
QMID: 21QNACENG11PHY17Q28
Solution:
Step 1: Draw a diagram of given problem.
Step 2: Calculate greater value of extension.
As given in question, the graph shows a value for extension along force. Therefore,
from graph area under curve along straight line shows a value of strain energy stored.
1
¿ ⋅ F ⋅ Δl
2
1
¿ ⋅ ( 20 ) ⋅ ( 4 × 10 ) J
−3
2
¿ 40 mJ
Final answer: (c)

Exercise 29: The length of a rod is 20 cm and area of cross-section 2 c m2. The Young’s
modulus of the material of wire is 1.4 ×10 11 N /m2. If the rod is compressed by 5 kg−wt
along its length, then increase in the energy of the rod in joules will be

(a) 8.57 ×10−6

(b) 22.5 ×10−4

(c) 9.8 ×10−5

(d) 45.0 × 10−5

QMID: 21QNACENG11PHY17Q29
1
Formula used: u= Fl
2
Solution:
Given,
Length ¿ 20 cm
Cross section area ¿ 2 c m2
Young modulus ¿ 1.4 ×10 11 N / m2
as we know,
1
energy ¿ Fl
2
FL
where, l=
AY
therefore,
1 FL
×F×
2 AY
Putting value of F , A and Y , we get
1
׿ ¿
2
−6
¿ 8.57 ×10 J
Final answer: (a)

Exercise 30: When a force is applied on a wire of uniform cross-sectional area

3 ×10 – 6 m2 and length 4 m, the increase in length is 1 mm. Energy stored in it will be
(Y =2× 1011 N / m 2)
(a) 6250 J
(b) 0.177 J
(c) 0.075 J
(d) 0.150 J
QMID: 21QNACENG11PHY17Q30
2
1 YA l
Formula used: U =
2 L
Solution:
Given,
Cross sectional area ¿ 3 ×10 – 6 m2
Length ¿ 4 m
Change in length ¿ 1 mm
Young modulus ¿ Y =2 ×10 11 N /m 2 ¿
As we know, energy stored in object will be
2
1 YA l
U=
2 L
Therefore, putting value of Y , A ,l and L, we get
2
1 2× 10 ×3 × 10 × ( 1 ×10 )
11 −6 −3
¿ ×
2 4
¿
¿=0.075 J
Final answer: (c)

Exercise 36: Two wires of the same length and same material but radii in the ratio of
1 :2 are stretched by unequal forces to produce equal elongation. The ratio of the two
forces is
(a) 1 :1
(b) 1 :2
(c) 1 :3
(d) 1 :4
QMID: 21QNACENG11PHY17Q36
Fl
Formula used: ∆ l=
AY
Solution:
As we know,
Change in length ¿ Fl / AY
Given in question, wires of the same length and same material but radii in the ratio of
1 :2.Therefore,
F ∝ A (where A ,Y and l are constant)

i.e., F ∝ π r 2

then, F ∝ r 2 (as π is constant value 3.14 ¿

hence,
 2

()
2
F 1 r1 1
= =
F 2 r 22 2

1
¿
4
Final answer: (d)

Exercise 37: A sphere of radius 0.1 mand mass 8 π kg is attached to the lower end of a
steel wire of length 5.0 m and diameter 10 – 3 m. The wire is suspended from 5.22 mhigh
ceiling of a room. When the sphere is made to swing as a simple pendulum, it just
grazes the floor at its lowest point. Calculate the velocity of the sphere at the lowest
position. Y for steel = 1.994 ×10 11 N /m2

(a) 9.65 m/s

(b) 8.74 m/ s
(c) 6.25 m/s
(d) 5.89 m/s
QMID: 21QNACENG11PHY17Q37
Solution:
Given,
Radius of sphere ¿ 0.1 m
Mass of sphere¿ 8 π Kg
Length of the steel wire ¿ 0.5 m
Diameter of the steel wire¿ 10 m−3
11 N
Young's modulus of steel¿ 1.994 ×10 2
m
Step 1: Draw a diagram of given problem.
Step 2. Calculate change in length.
let extension in wire or change ¿ ∆ l
therefore,
l+∆ l+2 R=5.22 m
Put value of radius 0.1 m, we get
5+ ∆l +2 ( 0.1 )=5.22 m
∆ l=0.02 m
Step 3: Calculate tension act on wire along sphere.
T
A
Formula used:
stress ∆l
Y= =
strain l
As we know, young modulus of object is equal to
stress
Y=
strain
T
A
Or,
∆l
Y=
l
YA ∆ l
T=
l
Putting value of A , Y ,l and ∆ l , we get
2
1.994 ×1011 × π × ( 0.5 ×103 ) ×0.02
T=
5
T =67.626 .43 N
Step 4: Calculate velocity at lowest position of sphere.
As given in diagram,
2
T −mg=m v /5.22−R
Therefore,

v=
√ (5.22−R)(T −mq)
m
¿
v=¿ √(522−0.1)¿ ¿ ¿
¿
v=8.74 m/ sec
Final answer: (b)

Exercise 38: A sphere of mass 20 kg is suspended by a metal wire of unstretched

length 4 mand diameter 1 mm . When in equilibrium, there is a clear gap of 2 mm between
the sphere and the floor. The sphere is gently pushed aside so that the wire makes an
angle θ with the vertical and is released. Find the maximum value of θ so that the
sphere does not rub the floor. Young’s modulus of the metal of the wire is 2.0 ×1011 N /m2
. Make appropriate approximations.

(a) cos−1 ⁡(0.563)

(b) tan−1 ⁡(0.804)

(c) cos−1 ⁡(0.804)

(d) tan−1 ⁡(0.563)

QMID: 21QNACENG11PHY17Q38
Solution:
Given,
Mass ¿ 20 kg
Length ¿ 4 m
Diameter ¿ 1 mm
Gap between floor and sphere ¿ 2 mm
Young modulus ¿ 2.0 ×1011 N / m2
Step 1: Draw a diagram of given problem.

In equilibrium state

Step 2: Calculate change in tension.

let tension act on string or wire through which a sphere hang is T and T 0. Therefore,
T =mg(i )

m v2
T 0=mg+
r
Then, ∆ T =T 0−T

m v2
∆T= (ii)
r
Step 3: Calculate velocity of sphere to be pushed.
As we know, work energy theorem or principle said¿work done is equal to change in
kinetic energy. Therefore,
1 2
m v −0=mgr (1−cos ⁡θ)
2
2
¿ v =2 gr ( 1−cos θ ) (iii)
Step 4: Calculate value of θ so it could not rub the surface.
'
m [2 gr (1−cos θ ) ]
ΔT= =2 mg ( 1−cos θ ) (iv)
r
As we know, tension is a force acting on string or wire when some object is hang with
wire at its end directionally. Therefore,
F=Δ T ( v)
As, young modulus equal to,
FL
Y=
ADL
YA Δ L
Or, F= ( vi )
L
On comparing both equation ( v ) and ( vi), we get
YA Δ L
2 mg−2 mg cos ⁡θ=
L
yA Δ L
2 mgcos ⁡θ=2mg−
L
Divide by 2 mgboth sides, we get
yADL
cos ⁡θ=1−
2 Lmg
by putting values of all given variables, we get

1−2× 1011 × 3.14 ×0.25 ×10−6 × 2× 10−3

¿
2 × 4 ×20 ×10
cos ⁡θ=1−0.19625
−1
0.80375 θ=cos ⁡(0.804)
Final answer: (c)

Exercise 39: A light rod of length 2.00 m is suspended from the ceiling horizontally by
means of two vertical wires of equal length tied to its ends. One of the wires is made of
steel and is of cross-section 10 – 3 m2 and the other is of brass of cross-section 2 ×10 – 3 m2 .
Find out the position along the rod at which a weight may be hung to produce; ( i )equal
stresses in both wires and ( ii ) equal strains in both wires.
Young’s modulus for brass = 1011 N /m2
Young’s modulus for steel ¿ 2 ×1011 N /m2

4
(a) (i) 1 m , (ii) m
3
5
(b) ( i ) 2 m , (ii) m
8
5
(c) (i) m , (ii) 2 m
8
4
(d) (i) m , (ii) 1 m
3
QMID: 21QNACENG11PHY17Q39
Solution:
Given,
Length ¿ 2.00 m
Cross sectional area of steel ¿ 10 – 3 m2

Cross sectional area of brass ¿ 2 ×10 – 3 m2

Step 1: Draw a diagram of given problem.
Step 2: Calculate position if equal stresses in both wires.
let a paste W is placed at distance x from left end, therefore,
If equal stresses in both wires.
Ts Tb
=
As Ab
Ts Tb
−3
= −3
10 2×10
¿ T s=T b /2

Taking torque about C

T s x =T b ( 2−x)
Tb
x=T b ( 2−x)
2
x=4−2 x
4
¿ x= m
3
Step 3: Calculate position if equal strain in both wires.
as given in question, if equal strain in both wires. Therefore, young modulus will be
 T
σ A
Y= =
ϵ ϵ
T
¿ ∈=
AY
Ts T
= b
As Y s Ab Y b
Ts
¿
10 × 2× 1011
−3

Tb
¿
2× 10−3 × 1011
Taking torque about C , we get
T s x =T b ( 2−x)
x=2−x
¿ x=1 m
Final answer: (d)

Exercise 40: A thin ring of radius R is made of a material of density r and Young’s
modulus Y . If the ring is rotated about its centre and in its own plane with angular
velocity ω , find the small increase in its radius.

ρ ω2 R 3
(a)
Y

ρ ω2 R 3
(b)
2Y
2 3
5 ρω R
(c)
2 Y

3 ρω 2 R3
(d)
4 Y
QMID: 21QNACENG11PHY17Q40
Solution:
Step 1: Draw a diagram of given problem.
Step 2: Calculate value of tension.
Let the tension act on ring horizontal component and vertical component be T cos θand
T sin θ respectively. therefore,

F net=2T sin ⁡θ=(dm) ω2 R

dm= ( 2MπR ) ×2 Rθ= Mθπ

Mθ 2
2 Tθ= ×ω R
π
2
Mω R
T=
2π
Step 3: Calculate change in radius.
As we know,
Y =stress/ strain
T ΔR
=Y
A R
2
M W R Y ΔR
=
2 πA R
2
( ρ ×2 πR × A) ω R Y Δ R
=
2 πA R

[ Δ R=
ρ ω 2 R3
Y ]
Final answer: (a)
Exercise 51: You are given three wires A , B and C , of the same length and cross-
section. They are each stretched by applying the same force to the ends. The wire A is
stretched least and comes back to its original length when the stretching force is
removed. The wire B is stretched more than A and also comes back to its original
length when the stretching force is removed. The wire C is stretched most and remains
stretched even when stretching force is removed. The greatest young’s modulus of
elasticity is possessed by the material of wire

(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) data is not sufficient
QMID: 21QNACENG11PHY17Q51
Solution:
The greatest young modulus of elasticity is possessed by wire A . Because A is
stretched least it means wire leave it original position just for few seconds or change is
length is very low that’s why after removal of deforming force it gain its original shape
and size.
Hence, A is greatest young modulus of elasticity.
Final answer: (a)

Exercise 52: Three wires P ,Q and R of the same material and length have radii
0.1 cm ,0.2 cm and 0.3 cm respectively. Which wire has the highest value of young’s
modulus of elasticity?

(a) P
(b) Q
(c) R
(d) all have the same value
QMID: 21QNACENG11PHY17Q52
Solution:
As we know, young modulus of object depends on nature of object or material from
which it can be formed, but not only the shape and size of material. That’s why it did not
affect through radius.
Final answer: (d)

Exercise 53: What increase in pressure is required to decrease the volume of 200 liter
of water by 0.004 % ? Given bulk modulus of water is 2100 MPa .

(a) 21 kPa
(b) 84 kPa
(c) 42 kPa
(d) none of these
QMID: 21QNACENG11PHY17Q53
Solution:
Let change in volume be Δ V , therefore
Δ V =0.04 × 200 L=0.008 L
As we know,
∆ p=bulk modules × change∈volume

Δ p=B ( −ΔV
V )

¿( 2100 MPa) (
200 L )
0.008 L

¿ 0.084 MPa=84 kPa

Final answer: (b)

Exercise 54: On increasing the length by 0.5 mm in a steel wire of length 2 m and area of
cross-section 2 mm2 , the force required is [Y for steel = 2.2 ×1011 N /m2 ¿

(a) 1.1 ×105 N

(b) 1.1 ×104 N

(c) 1.1 ×103 N

(d) 1.1 ×102 N
QMID: 21QNACENG11PHY17Q54
Solution:
Given,
Length ¿ 2 m
Change in length ¿ 0.5 mm
Cross sectional area¿ 2 mm2

Young modulus ¿ 2.2 ×1011 N /m2

Therefore, as we know
Fl
Y=
A ΔL
YA Δ l
or, F=
l
11 −6 −3
2.2× 10 ×2 ×10 × 0.5 ×10
F=
2
2
¿ 1.1× 10 N
Final answer: (d)

Exercise 55: The product of young’s modulus of the material of the wire with its cross-
sectional area is equal to its length. Find the parameters representing x and y−¿axes of
the curve as shown:

(a) load and increase in length

(b) stress and strain
(c) Young’s modulus and stress
(d) Young’s modulus and strain

QMID: 21QNACENG11PHY17Q55
Solution:
Given,
YA=l
Therefore,
stress
Y=
strain

Y=
( W
A)

( Δl l )
Δ l=( ) W
l
YA
Δl
=1 (given YA=l)
W
Final answer: (a)

2
Ag L
Exercise 56: Young’s modulus of a rod is for which elongation is l due to its own
2l
weight when suspended from the ceiling. L is the length of the rod and A is a constant,
which is:
(a) area
(b) mass per unit length
(c) mass per unit length per unit area
(d) area per unit mass

QMID: 21QNACENG11PHY17Q56
Solution:
Step 1: Draw a diagram of given problem.
Step 2: Calculate l for rod.
As we know, young modulus for given question,

y=
( L )
mg
x

A(
d x)
ds
1

Therefore,
L
mg
¿ ∫ ds=∫ ❑ ×d x
0 A 1 LY

Given in question, Elongation is l .Then,

2
mg L
l=
2 A1 L Y

mg l 2
l= 2
Ag L
2 A1 L
2l
Therefore,
ml
l=
A1 LA

A=m/ A 1 L

Step 3: Calculate area which is constant.

Final answer: (c)

Exercise 57: Forces of 100 N each are applied in opposite direction on the upper and
lower faces of a cube of side 20 cm . The upper face is shifted parallel to itself by 0.25 cm.
If the side of the cube were 10 cm , then the displacement would be
(a) 0.25 cm
(b) 0.5 cm
(c) 0.75 cm
(d) 1 cm
QMID: 21QNACENG11PHY17Q57
Solution:
Let η will be rigidity modulus of cube. Therefore,
Fl
η=
AΔl
Here area is replaced by l 2. Then
Fl
2
l Δl
F
¿
l Δl
1
or Δ l ∝
l
hence, if l is halved then Δ l is doubled.
Final answer: (b)