Oton National High School

Senior High School

Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo

Perception of Oton National High School Students’ Generation in Teachers’

Classroom Management

A Research Paper Presented to the

Faculty and Staff of Oton National High School

Oton, Iloilo

In Partial Fulfilment

Of the Requirements for the Subject

Practical Research I

Aira Joy P. Jamoles

Luigi A. Geduque

Princess January C. Gajeto

Vergenia T. Esteral

Rudney M. Catera

January 2019
 Oton National High School
Senior High School
Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo

Chapter 1

Introduction

Background of the Study

Students' performance are more generationally diverse than ever before, and

each generation has its own unique perspectives and preferences regarding

learning. There is no one-size-fits-all solution to accommodate all of those

preferences, but as long as we employ sound instructional methodologies, a

variety of modalities, and solid facilitation techniques we should overcome

fundamental generational differences and provide learning experiences that

engage and benefit everyone. When learners grew up and went to school

greatly influences their perspectives on learning. Given the historic

generational diversity in today’s workplace, it must move beyond the way

each to be personally educated and accommodate the full spectrum of

generational differences in today’s school performance

.As of today's generation, most of the students prefer to study in their

phones or gadgets to avoid hassle. Examples of these are the taking of

pictures or typing to their cellphones instead of copying notes and

downloading or sharing a pdf file that includes all of their lessons. According
 Oton National High School
Senior High School
Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo
to them, it is convenient and easy. But, there are also negative effects such

as: they are tempted to visit social medias and become more enjoy to it

instead of studying. Also when the battery of their phones shut down, they

will charge it first and it will consume their time. And lastly is the lack of

focus.

Specifically this study aims to answer the following questions:

What is classroom management?

How do Oton National High School Students generation perceive classroom

management of teachers?

Sub-questions:

a.) How do Baby Boomers' generation perceive classroom management of

Teachers in Oton National High School?

b.) How do Generation X perceive classroom management of Teachers in

Oton National High School?

c.) How do Millenials generation perceive classroom management of

Teachers in Oton National High School?

d.) How do Centennials generation perceive classroom management of

Teachers in Oton National High School?

 Oton National High School
Senior High School
Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo

Scope and Delimitation

The sample was selected for convenience and geographically delimited to

students of Oton National High School. The study was delimited to those

participants who could be contacted electronically. Additionally, participants

were delimited to students studying only in Oton National High School. This

includes interview for only three participants for each generation such as Baby

Boomer, Generation X, the Millennials and the Centennials. In order to

maintain comparable numbers among the generational populations,

Traditionalists were not surveyed due to the limited number of members

remaining in the workforce. The results of this study were not used to make

generalizations about all students. Since this study was conducted only in

Oton, National High School, J.P. Laurel Street, Iloilo.

Definition of Terms
 Oton National High School
Senior High School
Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo
Generation - people in a group or country who are of a similar

age, especially when they are considered as having the same experiences or

attitudes. (Collins Dictionary, 2019)

Traditionalist - people who are older than the Baby Boomer and describes a person

who believes the old ways are best, like a traditionalist who favors writing

letters over sending emails. (Vocabulary,2019)

Perception - the act or faculty of perceiving,

or apprehending by means of the senses or

of the mind; cognition; understanding. (Dictionary,2019)

Classroom management - defined as the methods and strategies an educator

uses to maintain a classroom environment that is conducive to student

success and learning. Although there are many pedagogical strategies

involved in managing a classroom, a common denominator is making sure

that students feel they are in an environment that allows them to achieve.

(Education.gov,2019)

Baby Boomer - a term used to describe a person who was born between 1946

and 1964. The baby boomer generation makes up a substantial portion of the

world's population, especially in developed nations.(Investopedia,2019)

Generation X - The generation born right around the end of the 1960s baby

boomer cultural takeover, basically anyone born after 1965 and before 1977.
 Oton National High School
Senior High School
Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo
(Vocabulary,2016)

Millennials - people who where born from 1966 to 1996 and also known as Generation

Y or the Net Generation, are the demographic cohort that directly follows

Generation X. (WhatIs.com,2019)

Centennials - people who were born from 1995 onwards. (VisionCritical,2015)

Significance of the Study

The study will be beneficial to the following:

Teachers- They will benefit the study to be aware of the expected behaviors of their students

and how to handle and build a stronger relationship with them.

Students- The students will benefit the study by knowing the proper behavior when they're

inside the classroom and help them to interact well.

School- The school can provide effective learning to improve and to give information to the

teachers and students about classroom management.

Parents- The parents will be able to guide and teach their children on how to adjust in class in

terms of teacher's classroom management.

 Oton National High School
Senior High School
Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo

Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

This part of the study will be discussing the relevant literature connected

with the study of Perception of Oton National High School Students’

Generation in Teachers’ Classroom Management. This part of the study

accounts the works that have been published on a topic by accredited

students and researchers.

To achieve a clearer comprehension of the nature of the study, literature, and

studies relevant to the present study and reviewed in this chapter. This

chapter consists of six parts: (1) Classroom Management, (2) Perception of

Students in Classroom Management, (3) Teacher’s Efficiency towards

Students, (4) Attitude of Students towards Classroom Management, (5) The

Relationship of Students and Teachers inside the Classroom, and (6)

Generation Characteristics.

Classroom Management
 Oton National High School
Senior High School
Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo
Classroom Management has been shown to be the most common concern of

both pre-service and experienced teachers (Gee, 2001; Johns, MacNaughton,

& Karabinus, 1989; Smith, 2000; Weinstein, 1996; Weinstein and Mignano,

1993). Furthermore, teachers who self-define their teaching experiences as

failures attribute their experiences to a lack of preparation by their teacher

education programs (Britt, 1997; Goodnough, 2000). Pre-service teachers,

who commonly cite student behaviors as negative aspects of their practicum

placements (Killen, 1994), share this perception.

According to pre-service teachers, their frustration with their inability to

manage student behavior I left unaddressed with their cooperating teachers

(Goodnough, 2000; Key, 1998) as well as by their faculty advisors (Farkas,

Johnson, and Duffet, 1997). These finding are cause for concern, as teachers

who perceive problems with Classroom Management are more likely to leave

the teaching profession (Goodnough, 2000; Taylor and Dale, 1971).

Perception of Students in Classroom Management

Students observe the teachers, because the educator is an exemplary person

for the learners. So throughout the year, students able to understand about

the complex situation that influences ethical behavior, (Leflot, Van Lier,

Onghena and Colpin, 2010) advocate that supervisory approach of classroom

teachers develop thrust on the student behavior. The article talks of an

 Oton National High School
Senior High School
Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo
investigation to give positive feedback and les use of the negative comments

increases the work behavior of students. Instead, a teacher mostly gives a

negative feedback. So most of the students become disheartened and do not

remain interested in any classroom task.

Therefore, to produce and create the learning environment in the classroom,

it is necessary that the teachers uses this type of strategies that help

students motivate to show better performance and positive behavior.

Interaction is an important element of good relationship between teachers

and students. Therefore, in classroom management, it is required to consider

that the variety is to teach learners about the instructor which stands the

important issue for better learning.

Teacher’s Efficiency towards Students

Teaching strategy implies a theoretical approach in solving a training

situation, to the extent that it creatively uses the pedagogical conception

that is socially dominant at a given time and especially the educator’s

conception. It also implies a practical approach when taking the concrete

option of efficiently combining methods, means and types of organizing the

activity according to criteria (Complementarity, Compensation and Mutual

support), on one hand and traditional criteria-modern formal or non-formal,

theoretical, practical, mode-disciplinary, inter/trans-disciplinary, on the

 Oton National High School
Senior High School
Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo
other hand. The efficiency of the teaching activity resides as well in how the

teacher succeeds in structuring and combining the teaching strategies within

the circumstances of his/her work-human, material, and time ones, on the

extent to which his/her elaborates alternative solution to the possibilities

and optimal ways of combining teaching strategies, based on the analysis of

strengths and weaknesses of these possibilities. Building lessons on a solid,

research based foundation of effective strategies, adding appropriate

technologies, and consistently applying those strategies should help ensure

high-quality instruction that has the potential of maximizing student

achievement. The study will help us identify data regarding the way

educators employ interactive teaching strategies in achieving the instructive

activities in different subjects in the compulsory curricula and what are the

effects on the cognitive and affective-motivational development of young

students.

Attitude of Students towards Classroom Management

When students recognize that a teacher truly wants the best for them, they

are willing to try harder in the classroom. Many students don’t understand

the schoolwork, while it may not be fun, is beneficial for them in the long

run. Unfortunately, many students view schoolwork on a superficial basis.

 Oton National High School
Senior High School
Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo
Schoolwork is viewed as something that isn’t fun and doesn’t provide a

benefit. However, by building a stronger relationship with students, teachers

can help their students recognize the value of their work.

Growth encompasses many different areas. These include emotional growth,

academic growth, physical growth, and spiritual growth. Unfortunately,

many classrooms focus only on growth in terms of academics. When teachers

are able to take the time to build a stronger relationship with their students,

it’s possible to create a stronger understanding of what individual students

need to achieve higher levels of growth. By doing this, teachers can adapt

their classroom activities to better meet the needs of students. Teachers gain

the ability to help their students grow beyond academics. They can learn how

to help their students grow in many different facets of their lives and ensure

students have a successful future for themselves and those around them,

The Relationship of Students and Teachers inside the Classroom

The relationship between teachers and students can have a lasting impact on

the development of a child. Teachers who have strong bonds with their

students have been shown to be more effective in their teaching roles. In

addition to lower levels of behavioral problems, teachers with strong

classroom bonds are also able to achieve higher levels of academic success

among students. The following guide explores th importance of positive

teacher-student relationships.
 Oton National High School
Senior High School
Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo
Studies have shown that strong relationships between a teacher and his or

her students can have a substantial impact on academic success. When

students view their teachers as a partner rather than an adversary, they are

more open to learning. In addition, this can turn classrooms into a

collaborative environment when students are more willing to listen to both

the teacher and each other.

By building a stronger relationship with students, teachers can overcome

many behavioral issues by helping students feel like they are part of a group.

Instead of feeling like they are outsiders in the classroom, students begin to

feel like they are part of a team. While teachers are different than friends, a

familiar relationship can be beneficial for many students who experience

issues with behavior.

Generation Characteristics

We currently have four main generations in the workplace. These

generations share similar needs such as the desire for professional growth,

feeling appreciated, and one thing to work in a healthy positive work

environment. However, each generation comes with distinct characteristics

that make them stand out from other generations. Understanding those

characteristics is critical to help everyone identify with and motivate

individuals outside their generation whether it’s as an employee, customer,

client or manager.
 Oton National High School
Senior High School
Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo

Baby Boomers (age 52-70)

 Live to work

 Self-worth = work ethic

 Loyal to employer

 Competitive

 Goal-centric

 Process oriented

 Focused

 Disciplined

 Enjoy working in teams and proving themselves to the team

 Need to know that they are valued

 Want to make a difference

 Generation X (age 37-51)

 Work to live

 Crave independence

 Skepticism

 Focused on results

 Think globally

 Adapt to change

 Eager to learn
 Oton National High School
Senior High School
Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo
 Thrive on flexibility

 Education is a necessary means to succeed

Millennials (age 22-36

 Fully transparent, shares everything

Do well with detailed instructions

 Desire to make an impact

 Commerce and conscience together

 Value diversity

 Love technology

 Education is a highly expensive necessity

 Do not do their best in a traditional work environment

 Find solutions using technology

Generation Z (age 7-21)

 Tech-innate(first generation to grown up with modern technology)

 Accepting of others

 Make things

 Realists

 Individualistic
 Oton National High School
Senior High School
Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo
 Competitive

 Transparent

 Entrepreneurial and inventive spirit

 Concerned about the cost of education

By understanding the main characteristics of each generation, we can better

appreciate, motivate, and relate to individuals across generations.

Theoretical Framework

 How teachers manage their classrooms is an important part of

achieving an effective learning environment. Educators know that all

students learn differently, and choosing the right instructional

style can mitigate behavioral issues and make good instruction

possible. According to the National Comprehensive Center for Teacher

Quality, a significant body of research also demonstrates that

classroom organization and the ability to effectively manage student

behavior “significantly influence the persistence of new teachers in

teaching careers.” Within this context, it is clear that instructional

theory and classroom management strategies are among the most

important aspects of teacher education.

 While classroom management theory is constantly evolving, there are

three key theorists who stand out when it comes to modern education.
 Oton National High School
Senior High School
Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo
Throughout the 20th and 21st centuries, experts like B.F. Skinner,

William Glasser and Alfie Kohn revolutionized the ways that teachers

deliver education. Understanding their theories can help educators

define their own classroom management methods and make decisions

about how to best approach interactions with students.

 B.F. Skinner’s contribution to learning theory can’t be overstated. His

work is based upon the idea that learning is a function of change in

overt behavior. According to Skinner, changes in behavior are a result

of individuals’ responses to events, or stimuli, that occur in their

environment. When a stimulus-response (S-R) pattern is rewarded, the

individual is conditioned to respond similarly in the future. The key to

Skinner’s theory is reinforcement, or anything that strengthens the

desired response. This could include praise, good grades, a reward or

even a feeling of accomplishment. Of course, negative reinforcement

occurs when a stimulus results in increased response when it is

withdrawn. The central tenet of Skinner’s work is that positively

reinforced behavior will reoccur. This is why information is presented

in small amounts. Responses can be reinforced, and reinforcement will

be applied to similar stimuli.

 William Glasser coined the term “choice theory” in 1998. In general,

this theory states that all we do is behave. Glasser suggests that

almost all behavior is chosen, and we are driven by genetics to satisfy

 Oton National High School
Senior High School
Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo
five basic needs: survival, love and belonging, power, freedom and fun.

In choice theory, the most important need is love and belonging

because connectedness with others is required as a basis in satisfying

all other needs. The classroom should therefore be a needs-satisfying

place for students.

 Glasser’s work impacts learning theory in a variety of ways. It has been

utilized in schools across the globe and has changed the ways that

teachers deliver instruction.

 First, Glasser identifies teachers as managers who need to work

effectively if they want to successfully teach their students. The role of

teachers as managers requires them to guide students in

understanding that working hard and being obedient is worth it and

will have a positive influence on their lives. Teachers can achieve this

through developing positive relationships with students and creating

active, relevant learning experiences that enable students to

demonstrate mastery and success.

 When it comes to developing lessons, teachers who practice choice

theory work to make sure that student classroom activities are

designed to satisfy the students’ needs. This allows learning to

increase while diminishing disruption. Students are able to “connect,

feel a sense of competence and power, have some freedom, and enjoy

themselves in a safe, secure environment,” according to Funder

 Oton National High School
Senior High School
Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo
standing. There are three common characteristics of classrooms and

schools that apply choice theory:

 Coercion is minimized because it never inspires quality. Students aren’t

“made” to behave using rewards and punishments. Instead, teachers

build positive relationships with their students and manage them.

 Teachers focus on quality. They expect mastery of concepts and

encourage students to redo their work and try again until they have

demonstrated competence and high-quality work. The emphasis is on

deep learning through application.

 Self-evaluation is common. Students are provided with helpful

information and take ownership of their learning by evaluating their

own performance. This promotes responsibility and helps students

reach goals while becoming skilled decision-makers who are actively

involved in their own education.

 Oton National High School
Senior High School
Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo

Chapter 3

Research Methodology

Chapter 3 is divided into (3) parts: (1) Research Design, (2) Methodology, and (3) Research

Instrument.

Research Design

Research Instruments are measurement tools (for example, questionnaires or

scales) designed to obtain data on a topic of interest from research subjects. (Des
 Oton National High School
Senior High School
Science Technology Engineer and Mathematics
J. P. Laurel St. Oton, Iloilo
Moines University Library, 2018). The study used an individual interview that the participants

will answer the same open-minded questions about classroom management of their teachers in

their time in Oton National High School.