The 16 Amazon

Leadership
Principles
COMMON QUESTIONS
FOR EACH PRINCIPLE
These are all questions that have
been asked in my clients' interviews
General questions about the principles ________________________________ 2
1. Customer Obsession________________________________________________ 2
2. Ownership _________________________________________________________ 3
3. Invent and Simplify _________________________________________________ 5
4. Are Right, A Lot _____________________________________________________ 6
5. Learn and Be Curious _______________________________________________ 8
6. Hire and Develop the Best __________________________________________ 9
7. Insist on the Highest Standards _____________________________________ 12
8. Think Big __________________________________________________________ 14
9. Bias for Action_____________________________________________________ 15
10. Frugality _________________________________________________________ 16
11. Earn Trust ________________________________________________________ 16
12. Dive Deep _______________________________________________________ 18
13. Have Backbone; Disagree and Commit ___________________________ 18
14. Deliver Results ___________________________________________________ 19
15. Strive to Be the Earth’s Best Employer ______________________________ 20
16. Success and Scale Bring Broad Responsibility ______________________ 21
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GENERAL QUESTIONS ABOUT THE PRINCIPLES

• What is your favorite principle?

• What are your three favorite principles?
• Which principle do you think you need to work on?
• Which is your weakest principle?
• What is your superpower? (answer using a principle)
• If there were a 15th principle, what would you want it to be?

1. CUSTOMER OBSESSION

Leaders start with the customer and work backwards. They work vigorously to earn and
keep customer trust. Although leaders pay attention to competitors, they obsess over
customers.

You are customer obsessed if you:

• Know / anticipate your customer’s needs and wants

• Remove non-value steps

How do you develop client relationships?

How do you anticipate your customer’s needs?

How do you “wow” your customers?

Tell me about a time you used customer feedback to drive improvement or innovation.
What was the situation and what action did you take?

When you’re working with a large number of customers, it’s tricky to deliver excellent
service to all of them. How do you prioritize the different customer needs?

When did you have to work backward from a customer requirement? How did you
approach the situation? What were your actions? What was the end result?

Give me an example of when you did not meet a client’s expectations. What
happened, and how did you attempt to rectify the situation?

Describe a difficult interaction you had with a client. What was the situation and what
action did you take? What was the outcome?

Tell me about a time you handled a difficult customer. What did you do? How did you
manage the customer? What was her/his reaction? What was the outcome?

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Tell me about a time you put the customer first, regardless of what peers or higher
management directed. What was the outcome? How did this impact day-to-day
interaction with your peers and/or management?

Walk me through a time when you helped a customer through a difficult process and
what that looked like.

Tell me about a time you changed your process to better align with customer needs.

When did you deal with an angry client? What actions did you take?

Most of us at one time have felt frustrated or impatient when dealing with customers.
Can you tell me about a time when you felt this way and how you dealt with it?

When do you think it’s ok to push back or say no to an unreasonable customer request?

Tell me about a time you had to compromise in order to satisfy a customer.

Tell me about the last time you had to apologize to someone.

Tell me about a time a customer wanted one thing, but you felt they needed something
else.

When was a time when you had to balance the needs of the customer with the needs of
the business?

To try to meet the high expectations of our customers, we sometimes promise more than
we can deliver. Tell me about a time when you overcommitted yourself or your
company. How did you resolve the issue?

In your opinion, what is the most effective way to evaluate the quality of your product or
service to your internal/external customer? Give an example when you used these
measures to make a decision. (Manager)

Give me an example of a change you implemented in your current team or organization

to meet the needs of your customers. What has been the result? (Manager)

2. OWNERSHIP

Leaders are owners. They think long term and don’t sacrifice long-term value for short-
term results. They act on behalf of the entire company, beyond just their own team. They
never say “that’s not my job.”

You are showing ownership if you:

• Look at data to see what’s the right solution for the long term and then fight for it,
even if it’s not the popular opinion; work with teams to get there

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• Can ignore boundaries if necessary (if you see a problem and it’s not in your
department, you will call it out, try to fix it, and won’t settle for anything less)
• Manage every dependency; know when to escalate; don’t make excuses if
something goes wrong
• Think about the impact of your decisions on other teams, sites and the customer
over time
• Consider future outcomes (scalable, long-term value, etc.)
• Coach and mentor your team to understand the big picture, how their role
supports the overall objectives of Amazon, and how it ties to others
• Are willing to stretch outside the boundaries of your job

Provide an example of when you personally demonstrated ownership.

Tell me about a time you went above and beyond.

Describe a project or idea (not necessarily your own) that was implemented primarily
because of your efforts. What was your role? What was the outcome?

When did you work on a project where you were the driving factor? How did you decide
you were right about things you were proposing?

Give me an example of a time when you didn't think you were going to meet the
commitments you promised. How did you identify the risk and communicate it to
stakeholders? What was the outcome?

Tell me about a time you had to make a short-term sacrifice in order to achieve a long-
term goal. What was the outcome?

Tell me about a time when you had to leave a task unfinished.

Tell me about a time when you had to work on a project with unclear responsibilities.

Tell me about a time you missed a deadline. What happened and what did you learn?

Give an example of when you saw a peer struggling and decided to step in and help.
What was the situation and what actions did you take? What was the outcome?

When did you see a bigger opportunity than your manager?

What steps do you take to ensure projects you complete get transitioned effectively to
new owners? Give an example where you chose to reengage on a project you had
already transitioned to someone else. What was the situation?

How do you ensure your team stays connected to the company vision and the bigger
picture? Give an example of when you felt a team or individual goal was in conflict with
the company vision. What did you do? (Manager)

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Tell me about an initiative you undertook because you saw that it could benefit the
whole company or your customers, but wasn’t within any group’s individual responsibility
so nothing was being done. (Manager)

3. INVENT AND SIMPLIFY

Leaders expect and require innovation and invention from their teams and always find
ways to simplify. They are externally aware, look for new ideas from everywhere, and are
not limited by “not invented here.” As we do new things, we accept that we may be
misunderstood for long periods of time.

You are inventing or simplifying if you:

• Have new ideas – this does not necessarily mean you invent a new piece of tech.
Often this takes the form of “kaizen” or continuous process improvement or
automation.

Tell me about a time when you invented something.

What improvements have you made at your current company?

Tell me about a time you were able to make something simpler for customers. What
drove you to implement this change?

Tell me about a time when you gave a simple solution to a complex problem.

Tell me about a creative idea you had that was difficult to implement. What was the
idea and why was it so hard to implement?

Tell me about an out-of-the box idea you had or decision you made that had a big
impact on your business.

Tell me about the most innovative project you’ve done. Why did you think it was
innovative?

Tell me about a time you solved a problem.

Describe a challenging problem or situation in which the usual approach was not going
to work. Why were you unable to take the usual approach? What alternative approach
did you take? Was it successful?

How did you change the direction or view of a specific function or department, helping
them embrace a new way of thinking? Why was a change needed?

Tell me about a time when you enabled your team/a team member to implement a
significant change or improvement. What problem were you trying to solve? How did
you measure success? What was the end result/impact? (Manager)

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4. ARE RIGHT, A LOT

Leaders are right a lot. They have strong judgment and good instincts. They seek diverse
perspectives and work to disconfirm their beliefs.

This principle is hard for people to understand, so I’ve copied part of The Amazon Way by
John Rossman, which explains it better than I could:

Leaders at Amazon are right—not always, but a lot. They have strong business
judgment, and they spread that strong judgment to others through the clarity
with which they define their goals and the metrics they use to measure success.

There is a high degree of tolerance for failure at Amazon. But Jeff Bezos cannot
tolerate someone making the same mistake over and over again, or failing for
the wrong reasons. Therefore, leaders at Amazon are expected to be right far
more often than they are wrong. And when they are wrong—which of course will
happen when a company continually pushes the envelope—they are expected
to learn from their mistakes, develop specific insights into the reasons for those
mistakes, and share those insights with the rest of the company.

You should:

• Use sound business judgement to make the right decisions quickly and achieve
results, even in the absence of complete data.
• Question whether decisions are being made in the company and customer’s
best interest and change course when they are not.
• Actively seek out the best solutions, recognizing that great ideas often come from
others?
• Recognize that your idea may not be as good as someone else’s and get on
board with the best idea.

THE MISTAKE/FAILURE QUESTIONS

Tell me about a time you made a mistake.

Tell me about an error in judgment you made in the last year or two. What was it and
what was the impact of it?

Tell me about a time when you made a bad decision and the learning from the
experience enabled you to make a good decision later. What did you learn that you
were able to apply?

Give me an example of a significant professional failure. What did you learn from this
situation?

Tell me about a time you were wrong.

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Tell the story of the last time you had to apologize to someone.

What regrets do you have?

THE CONFLICT QUESTIONS

Describe a situation where you thought you were right, but your peers or supervisor did
not agree with you. How did you convince them that you were right? How did you
react? What was the outcome?

Tell me about a time you disagreed with a colleague. What is the process you used to
work it out?

Tell me about a time that you strongly disagreed with your manager on something you
deemed to be very important to the business. What was it about and how did you
handle it?

Tell me about a difficult relationship with a stakeholder.

Tell me about a time where someone openly challenged you. How did you handle this
feedback?

Give me an example of when you took an unpopular stance in a meeting with peers
and your leader and you were the outlier. What was it, why did you feel strongly about it,
and what did you do?

When do you decide to go along with the group decision even if you disagree? Give me
an example of a time you chose to acquiesce to the group even when you disagreed.
Would you make the same decision now?

THE DATA / NO DATA / JUDGEMENT CALL QUESTIONS

Tell me about a decision for which data and analysis weren’t enough to provide the right
course and you had to rely on your judgment and instincts. Give me two to three
examples.

Tell me about a time you made a difficult decision and how you knew it was the right
solution (include: how you evaluated the options, if you received input, what data you
reviewed, etc.)

Give me an example of when you had to make an important decision in the absence of
good data because there just wasn’t any. What was the situation and how did you arrive
at your decision? Did the decision turn out to be the correct one? Why or why not?

Tell me about a time you had to fix something but had no data or direction.

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What are the top strategic issues you’ve had to face in your current role? What decisions
did you end up making? (Manager)

Tell me about a business model decision or key technology decision or other important
strategic decision you had to make for which there was not enough data or
benchmarks. In the absence of all the data, what guided your choice and how did you
make the call? What was the outcome? (Manager) [be prepared to discuss alternatives
considered and why/how they were ruled out in favor of the path taken; the risk
mitigation strategy; have another example ready so they can see this is a pattern and
not a one-off]

THE AMBIGUITY QUESTION

Tell me about a time when you were faced with a challenge where the best way
forward or strategy to adopt was not “clear cut” (i.e., there were a number of possible
solutions or the situation was ambiguous). How did you decide the best way forward?

5. LEARN AND BE CURIOUS

Leaders are never done learning and always seek to improve themselves. They are
curious about new possibilities and act to explore them.

How do you find the time to stay inspired, acquire new knowledge, and/or innovate in
your work?

How do you keep up with industry trends, what your competitors are doing, and best
practices?

What have you learned that has helped you in your job?

What is the coolest thing you’ve learned on your own that has helped you better
perform your job?

Tell me about a time you learned something new from your peer or your direct report at
work.

Tell me about a time when you solved a problem through just superior knowledge or
observation.

What is a recent book you’ve read and what did you learn from it?

Tell me about a project that required you to learn something new.

Tell me about a time you took on work outside of your comfort area and found it
rewarding.

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Tell me about a time you found you needed a deeper level of subject matter expertise
to do your job well.

Tell me about a time you didn’t know what to do next or how to solve a challenging
problem.

Give me an example of a time when you challenged the notion that that something had
to be done a certain way because it had always been done that way.

What are you working on to improve your overall effectiveness at work?

When we enter a new role or problem space, it is common to come in and see things
with a fresh perspective. Tell me about a time when you realized that you might have lost
that fresh perspective. What ended up happening?

What is an example of how you’ve connected the dots to come up with a

counterintuitive solution?

Tell me about a time you hired someone smarter than you. (Manager)

Tell me about a time when you challenged your team to push the envelope and go
beyond existing standards and expectations. (Manager)

Give me an example of a time when someone on your team challenged you to think
differently about a problem. (Manager)

6. HIRE AND DEVELOP THE BEST

Leaders raise the performance bar with every hire and promotion. They recognize
exceptional talent, and willingly move them throughout the organization. Leaders
develop leaders and take seriously their role in coaching others.

GENERAL

What is your management style?

Why would anyone want to work for you?

How do you approach managing your reports?

Are you a manager or a leader?

Do you feel it’s your responsibility to develop your team members or is it their responsibility
to drive themselves?

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HIRING

What are your previous hiring experiences?

What do you look for in hiring for a position?

Which is more important: attitude or aptitude?

Tell me about one of the best hires of your career.

What was your biggest mistake in hiring someone?

What would you do if you were in the hiring process and you found a borderline
candidate?

BUILDING A TEAM

Describe a time you constructed a team. What factors did you consider? Did you factor
in diversity? How did you balance work requirements, team skill composition, and team
stretch opportunities? How did you allocate work? How did you ensure team members
were able to work effectively together? Would you have done anything differently?

PERFORMANCE

How do you evaluate the productivity/effectiveness of your subordinates?

How do you handle performance reviews?

MANAGING POOR PERFORMANCE

Tell me about a difficult performance review.

How do you handle a subordinate whose work is not up to expectations?

Have you ever had a subordinate whose performance was consistently marginal? What
did you do?

Tell me about a time when you had to take disciplinary action with someone you
supervised.

Give an example of how you handle the need for constructive criticism with a
subordinate or peer.

Tell me about a specific development plan that you created and carried out with one or
more of your employees. What was the specific situation? What were the components of
the development plan? What was the outcome?

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MENTORSHIP / COACHING (HELPING GOOD PERFORMERS)

Tell me about a time when you actively coached or mentored somebody. What were
your key takeaways? What was the outcome?

True or false: The success of a manager can be measured by the promotability of his
team.

How do you manage top performers? When do you give positive feedback to people?
Tell me about the last time you did.

Describe a person who struggled to get promoted under your leadership and how you
helped facilitate their success.

Tell me about the most challenging talent review and promotion process that you
conducted for your team. What made it challenging? What factors did you consider in
your talent review? What factors did you consider in the promotion process? Did you
incorporate a tool to counter unconscious bias? How do you manage perceptions of
unfair treatment?

There are times when people need extra help. Give an example of when you were able
to provide that support to a person with whom you worked.

What have you done to improve the skills of your subordinates?

Tell me about a time when you helped a remote team member develop their career.
How did you help them develop across the distance?

DIVERSITY

What was the age, gender, and race makeup of the last team you managed?

How do you make sure your team is diverse?

How do you deal with managing a team of different backgrounds, levels, and skills?

What team combination do you prefer, all senior people or…?

MOTIVATION AND GOAL SETTING

How would you describe the culture on your team?

How do you motivate your team?

How do you get subordinates to produce at a high level? Give an example.

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Give an example of how you have been successful at empowering either a person or a
group of people to accomplish a task.

It can be difficult to set goals for a team that are challenging yet achievable. Tell me
about a time when you hit the right balance. How did you approach setting the goals?
What was the outcome?

Describe a time when you had to decide whether or not to award or ask for additional
resources. What criteria did you use for making the call?

Give an example of a time when you challenged your team to come up with a more
efficient solution or process. What drove the request? How did you help? What were
some of your biggest challenges? What were the results?

Tell me about a time when you encouraged a team member or organization to take a
big risk. How did you balance the risk against existing business goals? What was the
outcome? What did you learn from this situation?

Tell me about a time when you established a vision for a team when there wasn't one.
How did you gain buy-in and drive execution? What was the outcome?

CHALLENGES

Tell me about a time when you were able to remove a serious roadblock preventing your
team from making progress.

When did a member of your team make a mistake? How did you handle it?

Tell me about a time when you uncovered a significant problem in your team. What was
it and how did you communicate it to your manager and other stakeholders?

Tell me about a time when you felt your team was not moving to action quickly enough.
What was the situation? What did you do? What was the outcome? Would you have
done anything differently?

Tell me about a time when you enabled your team/a team member to implement a
significant change or improvement. What problem were you trying to solve? How did
you measure success? What was the end result/impact?

7. INSIST ON THE HIGHEST STANDARDS

Leaders have relentlessly high standards. Leaders are continually raising the bar and
driving their teams to deliver high-quality products, services, and processes. Leaders
ensure that defects do not get sent down the line and that problems are fixed so they
stay fixed.

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Tell me a time your customer was demanding high standards and you couldn’t give
them what they asked for.

Tell me about a time when you’ve been unsatisfied with the status quo. What did you do
to change it? Were you successful?

Tell me about a time you wouldn’t compromise on achieving a great outcome when
others felt something was already good enough. What was the situation?

What measures have you personally put in place to ensure performance improvement
targets and standards are achieved?

Describe the most significant, continuous improvement project that you’ve led. What
was the catalyst for this change and how did you go about it?

Give me an example of a goal you’ve had where you wish you had done better. What
was the goal and how could you have improved on it?

Tell me about a time when you worked to improve the quality of a product / service /
solution that was already getting good customer feedback? Why did you think it needed
more improvement?

Give an example where you refused to compromise your standards around

quality/customer service, etc. Why did you feel so strongly about the situation? What
were the consequences? The result?

What motivates you?

Describe a time where you were working on a project in a team and were unhappy with
the output/performance/effort put in by a teammate. What did you do about it? What
was the outcome?

Tell me about a piece of direct feedback you recently gave to a colleague. How did he
or she respond? How do you like to receive feedback from coworkers or managers?

Tell me about a time when you couldn’t meet your own expectations on a project/did
not meet your goal.

Tell me about a time you weren’t happy with your own progress on a project.

You performed an analysis, but your client thinks that the result is not right. What will you
do in this situation?

Tell me about a time when you faced an ethical dilemma. What did you do? What was
the outcome?

Give me an example of when you could have stopped working but persisted.

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How do you measure quality in a product?

What was your toughest decision in the last 6 months?

Describe a long-term project you managed. How did you keep everything moving along
in a timely manner?

8. THINK BIG

Thinking small is a self-fulfilling prophecy. Leaders create and communicate a bold

direction that inspires results. They think differently and look around corners for ways to
serve customers.

You think big if you:

• Take a radical approach and risks when necessary, always questioning traditional
assumptions in pursuit of the biggest and best idea
• Create a gutsy mission that employees can be inspired by and get behind
• Continually communicate the mission to the team in a manner that gets
employees excited
• Actively explore new ideas from team members, encouraging risk taking when
appropriate
• Don’t let yourself get buried in the details and lose sight of the big picture. How
do you ensure this doesn’t happen?

Tell me about a time when you took a calculated risk in order to achieve a big
professional goal. What were the tradeoffs? What was the outcome?

Tell me about a time you took a big risk – what was the risk, how did you decide to do it
and what was the outcome?

Tell me about a time you took a big risk and it failed. What did you learn? What would
you do differently?

Tell me about your proudest professional achievement.

Talk about a time when you went above and beyond expectations.

Tell me about a time when you went way beyond the scope of the project and
delivered.

Give me an example of a radical approach to a big problem you proposed. What was
the problem and why did you feel it required a completely different way of thinking
about it? Was your approach successful? What would you do differently?

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How do you drive adoption for your vision/ideas? How do you know how well your idea
or vision has been adopted by other teams or partners? Give a specific example
highlighting one of your ideas.

Tell me about time you were working on an initiative or goal and saw an opportunity to
do something much bigger than the initial focus.

Tell me about a time you looked at a key process that was working well and questioned
whether it was still the right one. What assumptions were you questioning and why? Did
you end up making a change to the process?

9. BIAS FOR ACTION

Speed matters in business. Many decisions and actions are reversible and do not need
extensive study. We value calculated risk taking. Often people get caught in analysis
paralysis, spending too much time planning and don’t take action fast enough. You
don’t need to be 100% sure to make a decision. When you’re 80% certain and have
strong business judgement, it’s better to decide now with limited information rather than
wait a few months.

Give me an example of a calculated risk that you have taken where speed was critical.
What was the situation and how did you handle it? What steps did you take to mitigate
the risk? What was the outcome?

Tell me about a time you had to make a decision with incomplete information. How did
you make it and what was the outcome?

Describe a time you had to make an important decision on the spot to close a sale.

Tell me about a time you had to make a quick judgement call without time for deep
analysis.

Describe a situation where you made an important business decision without consulting
your manager. What was the situation and how did it turn out?

Tell me about a time when you had to analyze facts quickly, define key issues, and
respond immediately to a situation. What was the outcome?

Tell me about a time when you have worked against tight deadlines and didn't have the
time to consider all options before making a decision. How much time did you have?
What approach did you take?

Give an example of when you had to make an important decision and had to decide
between moving forward or gathering more information. What did you do? What
information is necessary for you to have before acting?

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Describe a time when you saw some problem and took the initiative to correct it rather
than waiting for someone else to do it.

Tell me about a time you needed to get information from someone who wasn’t very
responsive. What did you do?

Tell me about a time where you felt your team was not moving to action quickly enough.
What did you do? (Manager)

Tell me about a time when you were able to remove a serious roadblock/barrier
preventing your team from making progress? How were you able to remove the barrier?
What was the outcome? (Manager)

10. FRUGALITY

Accomplish more with less. Constraints breed resourcefulness, self-sufficiency and

invention. There are no extra points for growing headcount, budget size or fixed expense.

Tell me about a time where you thought of a new way to save money or eliminate waste
within your operation.

Describe a time when you had to manage a budget (time/money/resources/etc.). Were

you able to get more out of less?

Tell me about a time when you had to work with limited time or resources.

Describe a time when you improved a process with a limited budget.

Tell me about a time you had to make tradeoffs between quality and cost. How did you
weigh the options? What was the result?

Tell me about a time you have created organizational or customer value through either
increased revenue stream or lowering the cost structure.

Give me a time you requested additional funding/budget to complete a project. Why

was it needed? Did you try to figure out another approach? Did you get the additional
resources? Why or why not?

11. EARN TRUST

Leaders listen attentively, speak candidly, and treat others respectfully. They are vocally
self-critical, even when doing so is awkward or embarrassing. They benchmark
themselves and their teams against the best.

Here are a few ideas of what earning trust looks like. Do you:

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• Reveal problems and mistakes proactively?

• Build positive working relationships by consistently making good decisions,
keeping commitments, treating others and their ideas with respect, and adhering
to high ethical standards?
• Provide an environment where team members have room to take smart risks and
learn from mistakes while not losing sight of their accountability for results?
• Listen, communicate and delegate to help employees get the right things done?

Tell me about a time you had to earn trust quickly.

Describe a time when you significantly contributed to improving morale and productivity
on your team. What were the underlying problems and their causes? How did you
prevent them from negatively impacting the team in the future?

Give an example of a time where you were not able to meet a commitment to a team
member. What was the commitment and what prevented you from meeting it? What
was the outcome and what did you learn from it?

Tell me about a piece of direct feedback you recently gave to a colleague. How did he
or she respond?

How do you like to receive feedback from coworkers or managers?

Tell me about a time you had to communicate a big change in direction for which you
anticipated people would have a lot of concerns. How did you handle questions and/or
resistance? Were you able to get people comfortable with the change?

Tell me about a time when someone (peer, teammate, supervisor) criticized you about a
piece of work/analysis that you delivered. How did you react? What was the outcome?

How do you convince someone who is resistant to what you’re trying to do?

Tell me about a time you uncovered a problem on your team.

What would you do if you found out that your closest friend at work was stealing?

Tell me about a time when you had to tell someone a harsh truth.

Do you collaborate well?

How do you earn trust from a team that you inherited?

When did you negotiate with others in your organization to reach an agreement?

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12. DIVE DEEP

Leaders operate at all levels, stay connected to the details, audit frequently, and are
skeptical when metrics and anecdote differ. No task is beneath them.

Give me an example of when you used data to make a decision/solve a problem.

Tell me about an important analysis you did.

Tell me a time you gave insights beyond the data.

Give me a situation in which it took you asking why five times to get to the root cause.

Have you ever leveraged data to develop strategy?

Tell me about a time you were trying to understand a problem on your team and you
had to go down several layers to figure it out. Who did you talk with and what info
proved most valuable? How did you use that info to help solve the problem?

Tell me about a problem you had to solve that required in-depth thought and analysis.
How did you know you were focusing on the right things?

When your direct reports are presenting a plan or issue to you, how do you know if the
underlying assumptions are the correct ones? What actions do you take to validate
assumptions or data?

Walk me through a big problem in your organization that you helped to solve. How did
you become aware of it? What info did you gather, what was missing, and how did you
fill the gaps? Did you do a postmortem analysis and what did you learn?

Can you tell me about a specific metric you’ve used to identify a need for change in
your department? Did you create the metric or was it readily available? How did this and
other info influence the change?

When did you dig into a specific metric or KPI?

13. HAVE BACKBONE; DISAGREE AND COMMIT

Leaders are obligated to respectfully challenge decisions when they disagree, even
when doing so is uncomfortable or exhausting. Leaders have conviction and are
tenacious. They do not compromise for the sake of social cohesion – disagreement is
encouraged as long as you have a logical reason for your opinion and can back it up
with data. Once a decision is determined, you commit wholly.

Tell me about a time when you did not accept the status quo.

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Tell me about an unpopular stance in a meeting and you were the outlier. What was it,
why did you feel strongly about it, and what did you do?

Tell me about a time when you had to step up and disagree with a team members
approach.

If your direct manager was instructing you to do something you disagreed with, how
would you handle it?

Tell me about a time you had a disagreement with a manager.

Have you ever had a disagreement with your project manager?

Tell me about a time you had a disagreement with a colleague.

How would you handle it if your teammates wouldn’t cooperate with you?

When do you decide to go along with the group decision even if you disagree? Give me
an example of a time you chose to agree with the group even when you disagreed.
Would you make the same decision now?

Tell me about a time where you felt strongly about something but ultimately lost the
argument. How hard did you press the issue? What was your approach after you lost the
argument?

Give me an example of a time the business gained something because you persisted for
a length of time. Why were you so determined? How did it turn out?

14. DELIVER RESULTS

Leaders focus on the key inputs for their business and deliver them with the right quality
and in a timely fashion. Despite setbacks, they rise to the occasion and never settle.

Describe a time when you had to face a particularly challenging situation while working
on a project and what you did to overcome it. (Note: The challenge could be with
respect to timeline, scope, people, etc. or a combination thereof.)

How you check your progress against your goals?

Do you set and communicate smart team goals, expectations, and priorities? Do you
help employees stay focused/help them remove barriers/roadblocks towards meeting
team goals?

Give me an example of a time you struggled with something and then turned it around.

Tell me about a time where you not only met the goal but considerably exceeded
expectations. How were you able to do it?

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What’s the most complicated problem you’ve ever worked on?

Have you ever worked on something really hard and then failed?

Tell me about a technical problem you couldn’t solve.

15. STRIVE TO BE THE EARTH’S BEST EMPLOYER

Leaders work every day to create a safer, more productive, higher performing, more
diverse, and more just work environment. They lead with empathy, have fun at work, and
make it easy for others to have fun. Leaders ask themselves: Are my fellow employees
growing? Are they empowered? Are they ready for what’s next? Leaders have a vision
for and commitment to their employees’ personal success, whether that be at Amazon
or elsewhere.

What routines have you established in your workplace to improve safety?

Describe a time you constructed a team. What factors did you consider? Did you factor
in diversity? How did you balance work requirements, team skill composition, and team
stretch opportunities? How did you allocate work? How did you ensure team members
were able to work effectively together?

What is the composition of your current team, and how is your team organized?

How do you deal with managing at team of different backgrounds, levels, and skills?

How do you tell the difference between “right” and “wrong” as it applies to your job?
What does it mean to you to be a “just” manager?

How have you made your employees excited about coming to work?

Tell me about a time when you made the wrong assumptions about a direct report or a
peer. How did you unearth the wrong assumption? How did you correct it? How did you
prevent it from happening again?

Tell me how you help your team members develop their careers. Can you give me two
to three examples of a specific person in whom you invested and how you helped them
develop their careers, including one who wasn’t being successful but in whom you saw
potential and chose to invest?

Give me an example of a time you provided feedback to develop and leverage the
strengths of someone on your team. Were you able to positively impact that person’s
performance? What were your most effective methods?

How do you manage your top performers differently?

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Give me an example of someone who was promoted one or two levels up in the
organization, not just because they were a star who would naturally rise, but due to your
coaching efforts.

How have you been successful at empowering either a person or a group to accomplish
a task.

Tell me about a time when you were able to remove a serious roadblock preventing your
team from making progress.

16. SUCCESS AND SCALE BRING BROAD RESPONSIBILITY

We started in a garage, but we’re not there anymore. We are big, we impact the
world, and we are far from perfect. We must be humble and thoughtful about even
the secondary effects of our actions. Our local communities, planet, and future
generations need us to be better every day. We must begin each day wit h a
determination to make better, do better, and be better for our customers, our
employees, our partners, and the world at large. And we must end every day
knowing we can do even more tomorrow. Leaders create more than they consume
and always leave things better than how they found them.

About customers

See the questions under “Customer Obsession.”

About employees

See the questions under “Hire and Develop the Best” and “Strive to Be the Earth’s Best
Employer.”

About partners

Tell me about a time you had to evaluate a potential strategic partnership. What
approach did you take? Did you perform your evaluation using any particular
framework?

How have you developed and maintained a partner relationship?

When did you have a difficult situation with a partner? What was the problem and how
did you resolve it?

When did you have to say no to a partner? How did you handle it?

Have you ever lost a partner? What was the situation?

When have you gone out of your way to help a partner?

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When have you done something to improve the process for your partner ?

Tell me about a time you worked with a partner to achieve scale that would have
otherwise been impossible.

About the world

As you conduct internal and external business activities, how do you promote and
maintain social, ethical, and organizational norms?

Tell me about how you think about your work impacting the world.

Tell me about a time where you failed to anticipate the secondary effects of a project
you worked on. How did you prevent this from happening in future projects?

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