JAYSHREE PERIWAL INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

Math AA – HL-12th IB Review Sheet – 2

Name : …………………………………………Section: ……………….. 1st Semester Exam

1. The diagram shows a tangent, (TP), to the circle with centre O and radius r. The size of
PÔA is θ radians.

(a) Find the area of triangle AOP in terms of r and θ.

(1)

(b) Find the area of triangle POT in terms of r and θ.

(2)

(c) Using your results from part (a) and part (b), show that sin θ < θ < tan θ.
(2)
(Total 5 marks)

2. (a) If sin (x – α) = k sin (x + α) express tan x in terms of k and α.

(3)

1
(b) Hence find the values of x between 0° and 360° when k = and α = 210°.
2
(6)
(Total 9 marks)

1
3. A farmer owns a triangular field ABC. The side [AC] is 104 m, the side [AB] is 65 m and the
angle between these two sides is 60°.

(a) Calculate the length of the third side of the field.

(3)

(b) Find the area of the field in the form p 3 , where p is an integer.
(3)

Let D be a point on [BC] such that [AD] bisects the 60° angle. The farmer divides the field into
two parts by constructing a straight fence [AD] of length x metres.

65 x
(c) (i) Show that the area o the smaller part is given by and find an expression for
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the area of the larger part.

(ii) Hence, find the value of x in the form q 3 , where q is an integer.

(8)

BD 5
(d) Prove that  .
DC 8
(6)
(Total 20 marks)

sin 2
4. (a) Show that = tan θ.
1  cos 2
(2)

π
(b) Hence find the value of cot in the form a + b 2 , where a, b  .
8
(3)
(Total 5 marks)

2
5. Solve sin 2x = 2 cos x, 0 ≤ x ≤ π.
(Total 6 marks)

3
6. Given that tan 2θ = , find the possible values of tan θ.
4
(Total 5 marks)

7. (a) Sketch the curve f(x) = sin 2x, 0 ≤ x ≤ π.

(2)

(b) Hence sketch on a separate diagram the graph of g(x) = csc 2x, 0 ≤ x ≤ π, clearly stating
the coordinates of any local maximum or minimum points and the equations of any
asymptotes.
(5)

(c) Show that tan x + cot x ≡ 2 csc 2x.

(3)

(d) Hence or otherwise, find the coordinates of the local maximum and local minimum points
π
on the graph of y = tan 2x + cot 2x, 0 ≤ x ≤ .
2
(5)

π
(e) Find the solution of the equation csc 2x = 1.5 tan x – 0.5, 0 ≤ x ≤ .
2
(6)
(Total 21 marks)

3
 1 1 π
8. (a) Show that arctan   arctan   .
2  3 4
(2)

(b) Hence, or otherwise, find the value of arctan (2) + arctan (3).
(3)
(Total 5 marks)

9. The depth, h (t) metres, of water at the entrance to a harbour at t hours after midnight on a
particular day is given by

 t 
h (t) = 8 + 4 sin  , 0  t  24 .
6

(a) Find the maximum depth and the minimum depth of the water.
(3)

(b) Find the values of t for which h (t)  8.

(3)
(Total 6 marks)

4
10.

The above three dimensional diagram shows the points P and Q which are respectively west and
south-west of the base R of a vertical flagpole RS on horizontal ground. The angles of elevation
of the top S of the flagpole from P and Q are respectively 35 and 40, and PQ = 20 m.

Determine the height of the flagpole.

(Total 8 marks)

11. In the diagram below, AD is perpendicular to BC.

CD = 4, BD = 2 and AD = 3. CÂD =  and BÂD = .

Find the exact value of cos ( − ).

(Total 6 marks)

5
12. In triangle ABC, BC = a, AC = b, AB = c and [BD] is perpendicular to [AC].

(a) Show that CD = b − c cos A.

(1)

(b) Hence, by using Pythagoras’ Theorem in the triangle BCD, prove the cosine rule for the
triangle ABC.
(4)

1 3
(c) If AB̂C = 60, use the cosine rule to show that c = a  b2  a 2 .
2 4
(7)
(Total 12 marks)

5π
13. Consider the graphs y = e–x and y = e–x sin 4x, for 0 ≤ x ≤ .
4

5π
(a) On the same set of axes draw, on graph paper, the graphs, for 0 ≤ x ≤ .
4
π
Use a scale of 1 cm to on your x-axis and 5 cm to 1 unit on your y-axis.
8
(3)

nπ
(b) Show that the x-intercepts of the graph y = e–x sin 4x are , n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
4
(3)

6
(c) Find the x-coordinates of the points at which the graph of y = e–x sin 4x meets the graph
of y = e–x. Give your answers in terms of π.
(3)

(d) (i) Show that when the graph of y = e–x sin 4x meets the graph of y = e–x, their
gradients are equal.

(ii) Hence explain why these three meeting points are not local maxima of the
graph y = e–x sin 4x.
(6)

(e) (i) Determine the y-coordinates, y1, y2 and y3, where y1 > y2 > y3, of the local maxima
5π
of y = e–x sin 4x for 0 ≤ x ≤ . You do not need to show that they are maximum
4
values, but the values should be simplified.

(ii) Show that y1, y2 and y3 form a geometric sequence and determine the common ratio
r.
(7)
(Total 22 marks)

7
14. Two non-intersecting circles C1, containing points M and S, and C2, containing points N and R,
have centres P and Q where PQ = 50. The line segments [MN] and [SR] are common tangents
to the circles. The size of the reflex angle MPS is α, the size of the obtuse angle NQR is β, and
the size of the angle MPQ is θ. The arc length MS is l1 and the arc length NR is l2. This
information is represented in the diagram below.

diagram not to scale

The radius of C1 is x, where x ≥ 10 and the radius of C2 is 10.

(a) Explain why x < 40.

(1)

x  10
(b) Show that cos θ = .
50
(2)

(c) (i) Find an expression for MN in terms of x.

(ii) Find the value of x that maximises MN.

(2)

(d) Find an expression in terms of x for

(i) α;

(ii) β.
(4)

8
 (e) The length of the perimeter is given by l1 + l2 + MN + SR.

(i) Find an expression, b(x), for the length of the perimeter in terms of x.

(ii) Find the maximum value of the length of the perimeter.

(iii) Find the value of x that gives a perimeter of length 200.

(9)
(Total 18 marks)

15. Given ΔABC, with lengths shown in the diagram below, find the length of the
line segment [CD].

diagram not to scale

(Total 5 marks)

 π π
16. If x satisfies the equation sin  x    2 sin x sin   , show that 11 tan x = a + b 3 ,
 3 3
where a, b  +
.
(Total 6 marks)

9
17. The diagram below shows a curve with equation y = 1 + k sin x, defined for 0 ≤ x ≤ 3π.

π 
The point A  ,2  lies on the curve and B(a, b) is the maximum point.
6 

(a) Show that k = –6.

(2)

(b) Hence, find the values of a and b.

(3)
(Total 5 marks)

10
18. The graph below shows y = a cos (bx) + c.

Find the value of a, the value of b and the value of c.

(Total 4 marks)

π
19. Consider the function f : x →  arccos x .
4

(a) Find the largest possible domain of f.

(4)

(b) Determine an expression for the inverse function, f–1, and write down its domain.
(4)
(Total 8 marks)

11
20. In the right circular cone below, O is the centre of the base which has radius 6 cm.
The points B and C areBon ÔCthe circumference of the base of the cone. The height AO of the cone
is 8 cm and the angle is 60°.

diagram not to scale

Calculate the size of the angle BÂC .

(Total 6 marks)

12
21. The radius of the circle with centre C is 7 cm and the radius of the circle with centre D is 5 cm.
If the length of the chord [AB] is 9 cm, find the area of the shaded region enclosed by the two
arcs AB.

diagram not to scale

(Total 7 marks)

1
22. (a) Given that α > 1, use the substitution u = to show that
x

 1 1 1
1 1 x 2
dx   1  u
1 2
du .

(5)

1 π
(b) Hence show that arctan α + arctan  .
 2
(2)
(Total 7 marks)

23. (a) Show that sin 2 nx = sin((2n + 1)x) cos x – cos((2n + 1)x) sin x.
(2)

13
 (b) Hence prove, by induction, that

sin 2nx
cos x + cos 3x + cos 5x + ... + cos((2n – 1)x) = ,
2 sin x

for all n  +
, sin x ≠ 0.
(12)

1
(c) Solve the equation cos x + cos 3x = , 0 < x < π.
2
(6)
(Total 20 marks)

24. The points P and Q lie on a circle, with centre O and radius 8 cm, such that PÔQ = 59°.

diagram not to scale

Find the area of the shaded segment of the circle contained between the arc PQ and
the chord [PQ].
(Total 5 marks)

14
25. The diagram below shows the boundary of the cross-section of a water channel.

 x 
The equation that represents this boundary is y = 16 sec   – 32 where x and y are both
 36 
measured in cm.

The top of the channel is level with the ground and has a width of 24 cm. The maximum depth
of the channel is 16 cm.

Find the width of the water surface in the channel when the water depth is 10 cm. Give your
answer in the form a arccos b where a, b .
(Total 6 marks)

26. The angle θ satisfies the equation 2 tan2 θ – 5 sec θ – 10 = 0, where θ is in the second quadrant.
Find the value of sec θ.
(Total 6 marks)

27. Show that the points (0, 0) and ( 2π ,  2π ) on the curve e(x + y) = cos (xy) have a
common tangent.
(Total 7 marks)

ln x
28. Consider the function f(x) = , 0 < x < e2.
x

(a) (i) Solve the equation f′(x) = 0.

(ii) Hence show the graph of f has a local maximum.

(iii) Write down the range of the function f.

(5)

(b) Show that there is a point of inflexion on the graph and determine its coordinates.
(5)

15
 (c) Sketch the graph of y = f(x), indicating clearly the asymptote, x-intercept and the local
maximum.
(3)

ln x ln x
(d) Now consider the functions g(x) = and h(x) = , where 0 < │x│ < e2.
x x

(i) Sketch the graph of y = g(x).

(ii) Write down the range of g.

(iii) Find the values of x such that h(x) > g(x).

(6)
(Total 19 marks)

29. Consider the function f(x) = x3 – 3x2 – 9x + 10, x  .

(a) Find the equation of the straight line passing through the maximum and minimum points
of the graph y = f(x).
(4)

16
 (b) Show that the point of inflexion of the graph y = f(x) lies on this straight line.
(2)
(Total 6 marks)

30. The line y = m(x – m) is a tangent to the curve (1 – x)y = 1.

Determine m and the coordinates of the point where the tangent meets the curve.
(Total 7 marks)

31. A lighthouse L is located offshore, 500 metres from the nearest point P on a long straight
shoreline. The narrow beam of light from the lighthouse rotates at a constant rate of 8π radians
per minute, producing an illuminated spot S that moves along the shoreline. You may assume
that the height of the lighthouse can be ignored and that the beam of light lies in the horizontal
plane defined by sea level.

When S is 2000 metres from P,

(a) show that the speed of S, correct to three significant figures, is 214 000 metres per
minute;
(5)

(b) find the acceleration of S.

(3)
(Total 8 marks)

32. Points A, B and C are on the circumference of a circle, centre O and radius r.
A trapezium OABC is formed such that AB is parallel to OC, and the angle AÔC

17
 π
is θ, ≤ θ < π.
2

diagram not to scale

(a) Show that angle BÔC is π – θ.

(3)

(b) Show that the area, T, of the trapezium can be expressed as

1 2 1
T= r sin   r 2 sin 2 .
2 2
(3)

18
 (c) (i) Show that when the area is maximum, the value of θ satisfies

cos θ = 2 cos 2θ.

(ii) Hence determine the maximum area of the trapezium when r = 1.

(Note: It is not required to prove that it is a maximum.)
(5)
(Total 11 marks)

x 2  5x  4
33. Consider f(x) = .
x 2  5x  4

(a) Find the equations of all asymptotes of the graph of f.

(4)

(b) Find the coordinates of the points where the graph of f meets the x and y axes.
(2)

(c) Find the coordinates of

(i) the maximum point and justify your answer;

(ii) the minimum point and justify your answer.

(10)

(d) Sketch the graph of f, clearly showing all the features found above.
(3)

(e) Hence, write down the number of points of inflexion of the graph of f.
(1)
(Total 20 marks)

2
 2 x 1.5
34. The function f is defined by f(x) = e x .

(a) Find f′(x).

(2)

f ( x)
(b) You are given that y = has a local minimum at x = a, a > 1. Find the value of a.
x 1
(6)

19
 (Total 8 marks)

35. A rocket is rising vertically at a speed of 300 m s–1 when it is 800 m directly above the launch
site. Calculate the rate of change of the distance between the rocket and an observer, who is
600 m from the launch site and on the same horizontal level as the launch site.

diagram not to scale

(Total 6 marks)

1
36. (a) Given that α > 1, use the substitution u = to show that
x

 1 1 1

1 1 x 2
dx   1  u
1 2
du .

(5)

20
 1 π
(b) Hence show that arctan α + arctan  .
 2
(2)
(Total 7 marks)

37.

38.

39.

40.

41.

21
42.

43.

44.

22
.

45.

23
46.

47.

48.

24
49.

25
50.

26