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Circle - From Gen Form To Standard Form

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Transforming the Equations of a Circle from General Form to

Standard Form

r2 = (x - h)2 + (y - k )2
x2 + y2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0
r2 = x2 + y2

IMMACULATE CONCEPTION CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTER, INC.


J.P. Rizal St. Poblacion, Pandi, Bulacan, Philippines 3014
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Here are the steps to transform the equation of a circle from
general form to standard form:

1. Group the terms with the same variable.


2. Move the constant term to the right side of the equation.
3. Create two perfect square trinomials by Completing the Square method.
Whatever terms that were added to the left side, add them also to the right side
of the equation.
4. Simplify both sides of the equation.
5. Transform the perfect square trinomials into square of binomials (a + b)2 to
make the equation in the standard form.

IMMACULATE CONCEPTION CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTER, INC.


J.P. Rizal St. Poblacion, Pandi, Bulacan, Philippines 3014
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
EXAMPLE 1: Change the following equations to standard form.

x2 + y2 - 4x - 2y - 4 = 0 COMPLETING THE
1
SQUARE: ( b) 2
get the half of “b” then,
(x2 - 4x) + (y2 - 2y) - 4 = 0 square the answer.
2
1 1
[ ( 4)]2 [ ( 2)]2
(x2 - 4x) + (y2 - 2y) = 4 2 2
4 2
1 = 4 + __
4 + (y2 - 2y + __)
(x2 - 4x + __) 1
4 + __ = ( )2
2
= ( )2
2
(x2 - 4x + 4) + (y2 - 2y + 1) = 9 = ( 2) 2 = (1) 2
=4 =1
(x - 2)2 + (y - 1)2 = 9
IMMACULATE CONCEPTION CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTER, INC.
J.P. Rizal St. Poblacion, Pandi, Bulacan, Philippines 3014
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
EXAMPLE 2:
1 2
( b)
x2 + y2 + 10x - 2y + 25 = 0 2
1 1 2
(x2 + 10x) + (y2 - 2y) + 25 = 0 [ (10)]2 [ ( 2)]
2 2
(x2 + 10x) + (y2 - 2y) = -25 10 2 22
=( ) =( )
(x2 + 10x + 25 1 = -25 + 25
__) + (y2 - 2y + __) 1
__ + __ 2 2
= (5) 2 = (1) 2
(x2 +10x + 25) + (y2 - 2y + 1) = 1 = 25 =1
(x + 5)2 + (y - 1)2 = 1

IMMACULATE CONCEPTION CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTER, INC.


J.P. Rizal St. Poblacion, Pandi, Bulacan, Philippines 3014
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
EXAMPLE 3:
3x2 + 3y2 - 30x - 36y - 9 = 0 3x2 + 3y2 - 30x - 36y - 9 = 0
3
x2 + y2 - 10x - 12y - 3 = 0
(x2 - 10x) + (y2 -12y) - 3 = 0
(x2 - 10x) + (y2 -12y) = 3
(x2 - 10x +25 ) + (y2 -12y +36 ) = 3 + 25 + 36
(x2 - 10x + 25) + (y2 -12y + 36) = 64 CENTER: (5,6)

(x - 5)2 + (y - 6)2 = 64 RADIUS: 8

IMMACULATE CONCEPTION CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTER, INC.


J.P. Rizal St. Poblacion, Pandi, Bulacan, Philippines 3014
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
EXAMPLE 4:

x2 + y2 + 2y - 16 = 0
x2 + (y2 + 2y) - 16 = 0
x2 + (y2 + 2y) = 16
x2 + (y2 + 2y + 1 ) = 16 + 1
x2 + (y2 + 2y + 1) = 17 CENTER: (0,-1)

x2 + (y2 + 2y + 1) = 17 RADIUS: √17

x2 + (y + 1)2 = 17 or (x + 0)2 + (y + 1)2 = 17


IMMACULATE CONCEPTION CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTER, INC.
J.P. Rizal St. Poblacion, Pandi, Bulacan, Philippines 3014
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Practice Drill
Change the following equations to standard form
and give its center and radius.

1. x2 + y2 - 14x - 12y + 59 = 0
2. x2 + y2 - 6y + 5 = 0

IMMACULATE CONCEPTION CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTER, INC.


J.P. Rizal St. Poblacion, Pandi, Bulacan, Philippines 3014
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
IMMACULATE CONCEPTION CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTER, INC.
J.P. Rizal St., Poblacion, Pandi, Bulacan, Philippines 3014
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

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