 What is PHP?

PHP is a server side scripting language commonly used for web applications. PHP has many
frameworks and cms for creating websites.Even a non technical person can cretae sites using
its CMS.WordPress,osCommerce are the famus CMS of php.It is also an object oriented
programming language like java,C-sharp etc.It is very eazy for learning

 What is the use of "echo" in php?

It is used to print a data in the webpage, Example: <?php echo 'Car insurance'; ?> , The
following code print the text in the webpage

 How to include a file to a php page?

We can include a file using "include() " or "require()" function with file path as its parameter.

 What's the difference between include and require?

If the file is not found by require(), it will cause a fatal error and halt the execution of the
script. If the file is not found by include(), a warning will be issued, but execution will
continue.

 require_once(), require(), include().What is difference between them?

require() includes and evaluates a specific file, while require_once() does that only if it has
not been included before (on the same page). So, require_once() is recommended to use when
you want to include a file where you have a lot of functions for example. This way you make
sure you don't include the file more times and you will not get the "function re-declared"
error.

 Differences between GET and POST methods ?

We can send 1024 bytes using GET method but POST method can transfer large amount of
data and POST is the secure method than GET method .

 How to declare an array in php?

Eg : var $arr = array('apple', 'grape', 'lemon');

 What is the use of 'print' in php?

This is not actually a real function, It is a language construct. So you can use with out
parentheses with its argument list.
Example print('PHP Interview questions');
print 'Job Interview ');

 What is use of in_array() function in php ?

in_array used to checks if a value exists in an array

 What is use of count() function in php ?

count() is used to count all elements in an array, or something in an object

 What’s the difference between include and require?

It’s how they handle failures. If the file is not found by require(), it will cause a fatal error
and halt the execution of the script. If the file is not found by include(), a warning will be
issued, but execution will continue.

 How to create a session? How to set a value in session ? How to Remove data from a
session?

Create session : session_start();

Set value into session : $_SESSION['USER_ID']=1;
Remove data from a session : unset($_SESSION['USER_ID'];

 what types of loops exist in php?

for,while,do while and foreach (NB: You should learn its usage)

 How to create a mysql connection?

mysql_connect(servername,username,password);

 How to select a database?

mysql_select_db($db_name);

 How to execute an sql query? How to fetch its result ?

$my_qry = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM `users` WHERE `u_id`='1'; ");

$result = mysql_fetch_array($my_qry);
echo $result['First_name'];

 Write a program using while loop

$my_qry = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM `users` WHERE `u_id`='1'; ");

while($result = mysql_fetch_array($my_qry))
{
echo $result['First_name'.]."<br/>";
}

 How we can retrieve the data in the result set of MySQL using PHP?

 1. mysql_fetch_row
 2. mysql_fetch_array
 3. mysql_fetch_object
 4. mysql_fetch_assoc

 What is the use of explode() function ?

Syntax : array explode ( string $delimiter , string $string [, int $limit ] );

This function breaks a string into an array. Each of the array elements is a substring of string
formed by splitting it on boundaries formed by the string delimiter.

 What is the difference between explode() and split() functions?

Split function splits string into array by regular expression. Explode splits a string into array
by string.

 What is the use of mysql_real_escape_string() function?

It is used to escapes special characters in a string for use in an SQL statement

 Write down the code for save an uploaded file in php.

if ($_FILES["file"]["error"] == 0)
{
move_uploaded_file($_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"],
      "upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"]);
      echo "Stored in: " . "upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"];
}

 How to create a text file in php?

$filename = "/home/user/guest/newfile.txt";
$file = fopen( $filename, "w" );
if( $file == false )
{
echo ( "Error in opening new file" ); exit();
}
fwrite( $file, "This is a simple test\n" );
fclose( $file );

 How to strip whitespace (or other characters) from the beginning and end of a
string ?

The trim() function removes whitespaces or other predefined characters from both sides of a
string.

 What is the use of header() function in php ?

The header() function sends a raw HTTP header to a client browser.Remember that this
function must be called before sending the actual out put.For example, You do not print any
HTML element before using this function.

 How to redirect a page in php?

The following code can be used for it, header("Location:index.php");

 How stop the execution of a php scrip ?

exit() function is used to stop the execution of a page

 How to set a page as a home page in a php based site ?

index.php is the default name of the home page in php based sites

 How to find the length of a string?

strlen() function used to find the length of a string

 what is the use of rand() in php?

It is used to generate random numbers.If called without the arguments it returns a pseudo-
random integer between 0 and getrandmax(). If you want a random number between 6 and 12
(inclusive), for example, use rand(6, 12).This function does not generate cryptographically
safe values, and should not be used for cryptographic uses. If you want a cryptographically
secure value, consider using openssl_random_pseudo_bytes() instead.

 what is the use of isset() in php?

This function is used to determine if a variable is set and is not NULL

 What is the difference between mysql_fetch_array() and mysql_fetch_assoc() ?

mysql_fetch_assoc function Fetch a result row as an associative array, While

mysql_fetch_array() fetches an associative array, a numeric array, or both

 What is mean by an associative array?

Associative arrays are arrays that use string keys is called associative arrays.

 What is the importance of "method" attribute in a html form?

"method" attribute determines how to send the form-data into the server.There are two
methods, get and post. The default method is get.This sends the form information by
appending it on the URL.Information sent from a form with the POST method is invisible to
others and has no limits on the amount of information to send.

 What is the importance of "action" attribute in a html form?

The action attribute determines where to send the form-data in the form submission.

 What is the use of "enctype" attribute in a html form?

The enctype attribute determines how the form-data should be encoded when submitting it to
the server. We need to set enctype as "multipart/form-data" when we are using a form for
uploading files

 How to create an array of a group of items inside an HTML form ?

We can create input fields with same name for "name" attribute with squire bracket at the end
of the name of the name attribute, It passes data as an array to PHP.
For instance :

<input name="MyArray[]" /> <input name="MyArray[]" /> <input

name="MyArray[]" /> <input name="MyArray[]" />
 Define Object-Oriented Methodology

Object orientation is a software/Web development methodology that is based on the modeling

a real world system.An object is the core concept involved in the object orientation. An
object is the copy of the real world enity.An object oriented model is a collection of objects
and its inter-relationships
 How do you define a constant?

Using define() directive, like define ("MYCONSTANT",150)

 How send email using php?

To send email using PHP, you use the mail() function.This mail() function accepts 5
parameters as follows (the last 2 are optional). You need webserver, you can't send email
from localhost. eg : mail($to,$subject,$message,$headers);

 Difference between mysql_connect and mysql_pconnect?

There is a good page in the php manual on the subject, in short mysql_pconnect() makes a
persistent connection to the database which means a SQL link that do not close when the
execution of your script ends. mysql_connect()provides only for the databasenewconnection
while using mysql_pconnect , the function would first try to find a (persistent) link that's
already open with the same host, username and password. If one is found, an identifier for it
will be returned instead of opening a new connection... the connection to the SQL server will
not be closed when the execution of the script ends. Instead, the link will remain open for
future use.

 What are the different types of errors in PHP ?

Here are three basic types of runtime errors in PHP:

 1. Notices: These are trivial, non-critical errors that PHP encounters while executing a
script - for example, accessing a variable that has not yet been defined. By default,
such errors are not displayed to the user at all - although you can change this default
behavior.
 2. Warnings: These are more serious errors - for example, attempting to include() a
file which does not exist. By default, these errors are displayed to the user, but they do
not result in script termination.
 3. Fatal errors: These are critical errors - for example, instantiating an object of a non-
existent class, or calling a non-existent function. These errors cause the immediate
termination of the script, and PHP's default behavior is to display them to the user
when they take place.
 What is AJAX?
 AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) is a technique which allows updating
parts of a web page, without reloading the whole page. Data is exchanged
asynchronously in small amounts of data with the server.
 What is jQuery?
 jQuery is a fast, small, and feature-rich JavaScript library. It is an easy-to-use API
which makes things like HTML document traversal and manipulation, event handling,
animation, and Ajax much simpler across a multitude of browsers.

Read more: http://www.thesoftwareguy.in/35-important-interview-questions-answers-
php-freshers/#ixzz42c2cd0ss
 What is the difference between sql and Mysql?
SQL or Structured Query Language is a programming language designed for
managing data held in a Relational Database Management System. Mysql is a open
source, relational database management System.
 Why do we use GROUP BY and ORDER BY function in mysql?
Group By is used for retrieving information about a group of data. It is generally used
with some aggregate function like SUM, AVG etc. ORDER BY is used to sort the
 records using column name. It can sort column in both ascending and descending
order.
 What is JOIN in mysql? What are the different types of join?
When we have to fetch records from more than one table we can use JOIN keyword.
The process is known as joining the tables. There are various types of join like
INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, and OUTER JOIN.
 Why is the basic difference between LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN and INNER
JOIN?
INNER Join compares two tables and only returns results where a match exists.
Records from the 1st table are duplicated when they match multiple results in the 2nd.
INNER joins tend to make result sets smaller, but because records can be duplicated
this isn’t guaranteed.
LEFT join means keep all records from the 1st table no matter what and insert NULL
values when the 2nd table doesn’t match.
RIGHT Join means the opposite: keep all records from the 2nd table no matter what
and insert NULL values when the 1st table doesn’t match.
 If we use SUM function in mysql, does it return sum of that row or for that
column?
Sum function works on the column basis and will return the sum of that particular row
only.
 What do we use to remove duplicate records while fetching a data in mysql ?
We use DISTINCT keyword.
 What is the use of count function in mysql?
count() is used for fetching the total number records in a table.
 How do we use % when performing a search query?
Suppose take an example where you need to fetch all customer data where name stats
with sa
SELECT * FROM Customers WHERE name LIKE ‘sa%';
Another case is where you need to fetch all customer data where kumar is found
irrespective of the position (middle name or last name).
SELECT * FROM Customers WHERE name LIKE ‘%kumar%';
 How do we delete a row in a table?
Take an example
DELETE FROM customer WHERE cid=150;
In this case it will delete the record of the customer with customer id 150
 How do we drop a table?
DROP table customers;
It will drop the table customers