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    Merit and Fitness

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    Lizzette Dela Pena
    The document defines and compares favoritism, cronyism, and nepotism. Favoritism is the broadest term referring to preferential treatment given to someone based on factors other than job qualifications. Cronyism specifically refers to favoritism given to friends. Nepotism is the narrowest form, involving preferential treatment given to family members. Philippine law prohibits nepotism by barring the appointment of relatives within the third degree of appointing authorities. The Supreme Court has ruled that all appointments must be based solely on merit and qualifications rather than personal relationships to ensure fairness.

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    Merit and Fitness

    Uploaded by

    Lizzette Dela Pena
    85 views2 pages
    The document defines and compares favoritism, cronyism, and nepotism. Favoritism is the broadest term referring to preferential treatment given to someone based on factors other than job qualifications. Cronyism specifically refers to favoritism given to friends. Nepotism is the narrowest form, involving preferential treatment given to family members. Philippine law prohibits nepotism by barring the appointment of relatives within the third degree of appointing authorities. The Supreme Court has ruled that all appointments must be based solely on merit and qualifications rather than personal relationships to ensure fairness.

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    CSC guidelines

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    The document defines and compares favoritism, cronyism, and nepotism. Favoritism is the broadest term referring to preferential treatment given to someone based on factors other than job qualifications. Cronyism specifically refers to favoritism given to friends. Nepotism is the narrowest form, involving preferential treatment given to family members. Philippine law prohibits nepotism by barring the appointment of relatives within the third degree of appointing authorities. The Supreme Court has ruled that all appointments must be based solely on merit and qualifications rather than personal relationships to ensure fairness.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    85 views2 pages

    Merit and Fitness

    Uploaded by

    Lizzette Dela Pena
    The document defines and compares favoritism, cronyism, and nepotism. Favoritism is the broadest term referring to preferential treatment given to someone based on factors other than job qualifications. Cronyism specifically refers to favoritism given to friends. Nepotism is the narrowest form, involving preferential treatment given to family members. Philippine law prohibits nepotism by barring the appointment of relatives within the third degree of appointing authorities. The Supreme Court has ruled that all appointments must be based solely on merit and qualifications rather than personal relationships to ensure fairness.

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    DEFINITION OF FAVORITISM, CRONYISM and NEPOTISM:

    FAVORITISM – the broadest of these related terms. It is favoring a person not because he or
    she is doing the best job but rather because of some extraneous feature-membership in a
    favored group, personal likes and dislikes, etc. It can be demonstrated in hiring, honoring, or
    awarding contracts.

    CRONYISM – is a more specific form of favoritism, referring to partiality towards friends and
    associates. It occurs within a network of insiders – the good ol’ boys, who confer favors on one
    another.

    NEPOTISM – an even narrower form of favoritism. Coming from the Italian word for nephew. It
    covers favoritism to members of the family.

    Section 59, Chapter 7, Book 5 of EO No. 292 reads:

    “ Nepotism (1) All appointments in the national, provincial , city and municipal
    governments or in any branch or instrumentality thereof, including government owned or
    controlled corporations, made in favor of a relative ( within the third degree) of the appointing
    and recommending authority , or the chief of the bureau or office, or the persons exercising
    immediate supervision over him, are hereby prohibited.”

    Clearly, all appointments extended to relatives within the third (3 rd) degree of the following
    persons are prohibited:

    1. Appointing Authority
    2. Recommending Authority
    3. Chief Of Bureau or Office; and
    4. Person exercising immediate supervision over the appointee.

    In Debulgado vs CSC, the Supreme Court had the occasion to rule on the coverage and
    purpose of the prohibition on nepotism, as follows:

    “The original appointment of a civil service employee and all subsequent personnel
    actions undertaken by or in respect of that employee must comply with the prohibition against
    nepotism is to ensure that all appointments and other personnel actions in the civil service
    should be based on merit and fitness and should never depend on how close or intimate an
    appointee to the appointing power. Xxx The prohibition against nepotism applies quite without
    regard to the actual merit of the proposed appointee and to the good intentions of the
    appointing or recommending authority. Xxx The purpose of the prohibition against nepotism is
    precisely to take out the discretion of the appointing or recommending authority the matter of
    appointing or recommending for appointment a relative.”

    What the law specifically prohibits is NEPOTISM. This is because a biased judgment can
    be readily expected. However, whether it is nepotism, cronyism, or even just plain favoritism,
    the evil sought to be prevented by this provision of law is the granting of undue favor or
    preference to otherwise unqualified applicants.

    Merit and fitness means demonstrated education, training, experience, performance,


    knowledge, skills, ability, licenses, certifications, and fitness to perform essential functions of a
    position.

    In a merit system, employees are hired, promoted, rewarded, and retained on the basis
    of individual ability and fitness for employment without regard to race, color, sex, religion, age,
    or national origin. Central to this principle is the protection of employees from discrimination,
    improper political influence, and personal favoritism. The basic tenant of the merit system
    requires that individuals hired into and promoted within the civil service be selected on the
    basis of job-related qualifications and that such selection decisions be free of illegal
    discrimination and political patronage.

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