Specification For Bonding Fresh Concrete To Hardened Concrete With A Multi-Component Epoxy Adhesive
Specification For Bonding Fresh Concrete To Hardened Concrete With A Multi-Component Epoxy Adhesive
Specification For Bonding Fresh Concrete To Hardened Concrete With A Multi-Component Epoxy Adhesive
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This specification describes the work of bonding fresh concrete to 3.3—Adhesive mixtures, p. 3
hardened concrete with a multi-component epoxy adhesive, such 3.4—Adhesive application and concrete placement, p. 3
as defined for this purpose in ASTM C881/C881M. Included are 3.5—Cleanup, p. 3
controls for adhesive labeling, storage, handling, surface evalu- 3.6—Safety, p. 3
ation and preparation, mixing and application, inspection, safety,
3.7—Field quality performance requirements, p. 3
quality control, and testing.
Keywords: adhesive; bond; construction; epoxy resins; fresh concretes; (nonmandatory portion follows)
quality control; repair; safety; surface.
NOTES TO SPECIFIER, p. 4
CONTENTS General notes, p. 4
(mandatory portion follows)
FOREWORD TO CHECKLIST, p. 4
PART 1—GENERAL, p. 2
1.1—Scope, p. 2 MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST, p. 5
1.2—Interpretation, p. 2
1.3—Definitions, p. 2 OPTIONAL REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST, p. 5
1.4—Referenced standards, p. 2
1.5—Submittals, p. 2 (mandatory portion follows)
1.6—Product delivery, storage, and handling, p. 2
1.7—Project conditions, p. 3
PART 2—PRODUCTS, p. 3
ACI 548.13-14 became effective September 5, 2014, and was adopted and published
2.1—Materials, p. 3 October 2014..
Copyright © 2014, American Concrete Institute
PART 3—EXECUTION, p. 3 All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by any
means, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by electronic or
3.1—Preparation, p. 3 mechanical device, printed, written, or oral, or recording for sound or visual reproduc-
3.2—Inspection, p. 3 tion or for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission in
writing is obtained from the copyright proprietors.
1
2 BONDING FRESH CONCRETE TO HARDENED CONCRETE WITH MULTI-COMPONENT EPOXY ADHESIVE (ACI 548.13-14)
1.6.3 Storage of materials—Store materials at tempera- 3.2.5 All concrete surfaces shall not exceed saturated
tures between 40 and 100°F, unless otherwise recommended surface-dry conditions at the time of installation, unless
by manufacturer. otherwise specified.
1.6.4 Handling of materials—Handle materials to avoid
breaking container seals and in accordance with the MSDS 3.3—Adhesive mixtures
and manufacturer’s recommendations. 3.3.1 Mix epoxy components in a clean container.
3.3.2 Condition epoxy compound components to be at a
1.7—Project conditions temperature between 60 and 100°F, unless otherwise recom-
1.7.1 Environmental requirements—Comply with manu- mended by manufacturer.
facturer’s recommendations and specified project conditions 3.3.3 Blend epoxy components with a mechanical mixer
regarding environmental conditions under which the adhe- in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations.
sive shall be applied, unless otherwise specified.
3.4—Adhesive application and concrete placement
PART 2—PRODUCTS 3.4.1 Do not apply adhesive if ambient temperature and
hardened concrete temperature are not within the adhesive
2.1—Materials manufacturer’s allowable range. Placement of fresh concrete
2.1.1 Multi-component epoxy adhesive—ASTM C881/ shall conform to ambient temperature requirements of the
C881M Type II for non-load-bearing or Type V for load- Contract Documents.
bearing applications, unless otherwise specified. Curing 3.4.2 Apply adhesive to concrete surface by brush, roller,
temperature requirements (class) and viscosity (grade) shall broom, squeegee, or spray equipment. Apply adhesive at a
be determined by supplier and Contractor based on specified thickness not less than that recommended by manufacturer.
project conditions. 3.4.3 Place fresh concrete while adhesive is still tacky. If
2.1.2 Fresh concrete—As required in Contract Documents. the adhesive cures to the extent of losing its tack before fresh
concrete is placed, remove or abrade first coat and apply a
PART 3—EXECUTION second coat.
3.4.4 Consolidate freshly placed fresh concrete in accor-
3.1—Preparation dance with Contract Documents.
3.1.1 Preparation of concrete surfaces 3.4.5 Upon completion of finishing operations, cure
3.1.1.1 Mechanical abrasion—Concrete surfaces to which concrete in accordance with procedures in Contract
adhesives are to be applied shall be newly prepared concrete Documents.
free of loose and unsound materials. Prepare surfaces
according to one of the following, unless otherwise speci- 3.5—Cleanup
fied: shotblasting, sandblasting, scarifying, or waterblasting. 3.5.1 Protect concrete surfaces beyond limits of surface
receiving adhesive against spillage.
3.2—Inspection 3.5.2 Remove any adhesive applied or spilled beyond
3.2.1 Inspect concrete surfaces prior to application of desired areas. Perform cleanup with material designated by
adhesive. adhesive manufacturer. Avoid contamination of work area.
3.2.2 Unless otherwise specified, concrete surfaces shall 3.5.3 Unused materials shall be disposed in accordance
have an average pulloff strength of at least 250 psi based on with manufacturer’s recommendations and applicable
three tests at each location when tested in accordance with regulations.
ASTM C1583/C1583M. Unless otherwise specified, test
locations shall represent no greater than 500 yd2 of prepared 3.6—Safety
surface. 3.6.1 Advise applicators to avoid contacting adhesive with
3.2.3 Surfaces shall be free of deleterious materials, eyes and skin, inhalation of vapors, and ingestion. Make
including laitance, curing compounds, dust, dirt, oil, and protective and safety equipment available on site. Refer to
other material that may prevent bonding. Materials resulting MSDS and heed label warnings by manufacturer.
from surface preparation shall be removed. Any limitations
on the removal of preparation materials shall be as specified 3.7—Field quality performance requirements
in Contract Documents. 3.7.1 Architect/Engineer will evaluate bonding of fresh
3.2.4 At the time of installation, surface temperature of concrete to existing concrete after the fresh concrete has
the concrete shall be at least 40°F, unless otherwise speci- cured for at least 28 days.
fied, for ASTM C881/C881M Classes A and B multi-compo- 3.7.2 The evaluation will be performed by sounding in
nent epoxy adhesive to permit wetting of concrete surface accordance with ASTM D4580/D4580M or other applicable
by adhesive. Surface temperature shall be at least 60°F methods.
for ASTM C881/C881M Class C multi-component epoxy 3.7.3 Detection of a hollow sound or other indication of
adhesives. delamination in any area shall be reason to suspect inad-
equate bonding. Contractor shall core suspected area, as
Performance of epoxy systems may be affected by temperature, humidity, and surface water. Strict adherence to the manufac-
turer’s recommendations should be maintained. Where other unusual conditions are encountered, the material manufacturer
should be consulted before application.
2.1.1 Specify Class and Grade of epoxy. Specify additional performance requirements, acceptable suppliers, or both.
3.1.1.1 Specify which ICRI 310.2 chip face is acceptable. Specify methods for preparing surfaces such as in accordance with ASTM
D4258 and ASTM D4259.
3.2.2 Specify average strength, test locations, and number of tests for evaluating the concrete in accordance with ASTM C1583/
C1583M.
If the test results are not in failure of the concrete but in cohesion of the epoxy resin adhesive, or any failure in adhesion, the
test shall be repeated. Repeated failures in adhesion, or cohesion in the adhesive, indicate improper cleaning of the concrete,
incorrect adhesive, or faulty adhesive application techniques.
3.2.4 Some epoxy adhesives may be capable of wetting the concrete surface at temperatures below 40°F. The specification should
allow such use only if test data are available that conclusively demonstrates adequate bond at the actual concrete temperature
expected.
3.2.5 ASTM C881/C881M epoxy resin systems are considered moisture tolerant and will bond to saturated surface-dry concrete. If
the concrete surface exceeds saturated surface-dry conditions, or if the epoxy resin system used does not meet the require-
ments of ASTM C881/C881M, the epoxy resin system manufacturer should be consulted regarding suitability of system and
adequacy of application techniques.
3.7.4 Specify diameter of cores to be obtained, if necessary.
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