Unit 3 Fobias

Unit 3: Fobias
B) TUNE IN Listen to a conversation between Dan Vasquez, a product engineer,

and his boss,
Roger Brody. Then work with a partner to answer the questions, based on the
conversation.
1 Why does Dan Vasquez want someone from the sales team to make the
presentation?
_____________________________________________________________
2 What is the main reason Roger Brody wants Vasquez to give the presentation?
_____________________________________________________________
3 What does Brody mean by “You're not alone”?
_____________________________________________________________
4 What is Brody's advice?
_____________________________________________________________
A) LISTEN The boldfaced words are from the unit lecture on phobias. Listen to
each sentence.
Then guess the meaning of the boldfaced word.
1 Mark studied psychology because he was interested in human behavior.
2 Shaking is a common characteristic of a scared person.
3 Phobias are classified into categories including specific fears, such as the fear
of dogs, and situational fears, such as the fear of speaking in public.
4 My uncle's fear of public places was constant; he never left his house.
5 After seeing an airplane crash, Lydia developed aerophobia. She panicked
when she even saw an airplane and never flew again.
6 The duration of his fear of water was short. After just a few weeks of
swimming lessons, he was cured.
7 Jan's physical response to the dark was extreme. She would start shaking and
sweating as soon as the lights went out.
8 A psychologist can help patients with phobias look for deeper problems.
9 Tara couldn't be rational when she saw a cat. She couldn't think clearly.
10 When Martin was a boy, he was in a serious car accident. This childhood
trauma made him too afraid to drive.
B) TRY IT Circle the best definition for each boldfaced word.

1 human behavior
actions feelings ideas
2 two common characteristics

features feelings problems
3 classified into three categories

grouped dismisse treated
4 His fear was constant.

irregular continuous veryslow
5 developed acrophobia
removed began to have recovered from
6 The duration was short.

size length of time distance
7 a physical response
related to emotions related to the body related to feelings
8 The psychologist took care of the patient.

instructor sleep researcher person who treats mental problems
9 too afraid to be rational

unreasonable reasonable emotional
10 a childhood trauma
interesting experience fun experience bad experience
FOCUS your attention
Key Words
Speakers use a variety of cues to let you know when they are about to focus on a
key word in
the lecture.
CUES
They may do any of the following:
• Pause
PHRASES INTRODUCING KEY
• Slow down
WORD DEFINITIONS
• Speak more loudly
One is called ...
Repeat the key word
One (example) is ...
• Spell the key word
The first (type) is ....
• Define the key word using an
introductory phrase.
WATCH the lecture
A) THINK ABOUT IT You are about to watch the unit lecture on
phobias. Why do you think some people develop phobias?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
C) CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING Use your notes. Based on the lecture,
which of the
statements are true? Make a check mark (V).
__1 A phobia doesn't interfere with someone's life.
__2 Phobias are extreme fears of a common object or situation.
__3 People with phobias often have strong physical reactions.
__4 The speaker discusses two types of phobias: specific and situational.
__5 Psychologists have defined the characteristics of a phobia.
__6 Phobias only run in families.
__7 There's one main reason why all phobias develop.
__8 Psychologists can't successfully treat most phobias.
E) CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING Use your notes. Choose the word or

phrase that
best completes each idea, based on the lecture.
1 A phobia is a very strong, very______________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
_____________________fear.
a weird
b focused
c personal
2 A phobia can often ________________________a person's life.
a help
b strengthen
c interfere with
3 A phobia is not a(n)________________________response.
a necessary
b rational
c uncontrollable
4 A phobia will oftena____________________________________________ long

time.
a last
b develop over
c disappear after
5 A person with cynophobia will probably avoid______________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
a cats
b dogs
c open spaces
6 A boy develops a phobia by watching his father. This is an example of
_________________________________________
a direct learning
b association theory
c indirect learning
7 A woman fell into a lake when she was a child, and now she won't go near
water. This
example shows____________________________
a indirect learning
b the association theory
c that phobias run in families
8 To treat a phobia, a psychologist tries to change the patient's__________
a childhood trauma
b family situation
c behavior
A) LISTEN Listen to the statements from the lecture. Circle the phrases you
hear.
1 A phobia is a fear, yes, but a phobia (is not / isn't) a normal fear; it's an
extreme fear.
2 She could not I couldn't) ride in an elevator without being terrified.
3 Sometimes (she would / she’d ) panic and start breathing fast as soon as she
got into
an elevator.
4 First, a phobia (is not / isn't) a rational response.
5 (She would / She’d) start sweating and shaking—not a rational response.
6 For example, for Maria, even though when she told herself not to be afraid to
ride in the
elevator, it did not / didn't) help.
7 (It is /It's). an irrational response, (it is /it's) long-lasting, and (it is / it's)
uncontrollable.
8 For example, someone (could have / could've) learned to be afraid of dogs if he
were
attacked and injured by a dog as a child.
9 Well, first, psychologists know that if a (phobia has been / phobia's been)
learned, it can
usually be unlearned.
10 Well, (that is that's) enough for now.

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Unit 3: Fobias

B) TUNE IN Listen to a conversation between Dan Vasquez, a product engineer,

B) TRY IT Circle the best definition for each boldfaced word.

2 two common characteristics

3 classified into three categories

4 His fear was constant.

6 The duration was short.

8 The psychologist took care of the patient.

9 too afraid to be rational

E) CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING Use your notes. Choose the word or

4 A phobia will oftena____________________________________________ long

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